保乳术联合前哨淋巴结活检治疗乳腺癌30例临床疗效分析

潘洪涛 闫小军

[摘要] 目的 乳腺癌是恶性肿瘤疾病的一种，应通过有效的手段完成治疗，达到促进患者康复的目的。方法 纳入到该院进行乳腺癌治疗的患者进行对比，方便选取其中的例数为30例，研究对象的收集时间为2018年5月—2019年5月，根据患者选择的不同治疗方法完成分组，设置一组为对照组，采用传统乳腺癌根治术治疗，另一组为实验组，采用保乳术联合前哨淋巴结活检治疗，对比患者治疗结果。结果 经过对比，实验组患者的围术期各项指标效果显著[（61.08±9.63）min、（61.62±10.78）mL、（1.23±0.84）d]，差异有统计学意义（t=8.624，17.246，4.302，P<0.05）;与对照组相比，实验组患者的生活质量更高（92.62±9.62）分，差异有统计学意义（t=2.594，P=0.015）;将实验组患者的并发症发生率（0.00%）与对照组相比显著较低（26.64%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.615，P=0.032）。结论 保乳术联合前哨淋巴结活检治疗乳腺癌临床效果较为显著，值得推广。

[关键词] 保乳术;前哨淋巴结活检;乳腺癌;传统乳腺癌根治术;疗效

[Abstract] Objective Breast cancer is a kind of malignant tumor disease. Treatment should be completed by effective means to promote the recovery of patients. Methods The patients enrolled in our hospital for breast cancer treatment were compared， and 30 cases were convenient selected. The collection time of the study subjects was 2018.05-2019.05. Grouping was completed according to the different treatment methods selected by the patients， and a group was set as the control group. The patients were treated with traditional radical mastectomy， and the other group was the experimental group. The breast-conserving surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy was used to compare the treatment results of the patients. Results After comparison， the perioperative indicators of the experimental group were significant [（61.08±9.63） min， （61.62±10.78）mL， （1.23±0.84）d]， and the differences were statistically significant （t=8.624，17.246， 4.302， P<0.05）; compared with the control group， the quality of life of patients in the experimental group was higher（92.62±9.62） points， which was statistically significant （t=2.5941， P=0.015）; The incidence of disease （0.00%） was significantly lower than that of the control group（26.64%）， which was statistically significant （χ2=4.615， P=0.032）. Conclusion Breast-conserving surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy has a significant clinical effect on breast cancer， and is worthy of promotion.

[Key words] Breast-conserving surgery; Sentinel lymph node biopsy; Breast cancer; Traditional radical mastectomy; Efficacy

乳腺癌在我國临床中发病率相对较高，占全身各种恶性肿瘤疾病发病率的7%～10%之间，是威胁女性生殖健康的重要疾病。近年来，乳腺癌的发病率逐渐呈上升趋势发展，临床中常采用外科手术进行治疗，传统的乳腺癌根治术具有较大的创伤，并且手术时间较长，由此可引发多种并发症的发生，不利于术后提高患者的生活质量，当下临床中治疗乳腺癌不仅在于将疾病彻底根治，同时需要提高患者的术后生活质量[1]。前哨淋巴结是乳腺癌向腋窝淋巴结引流过程中的重要途径，能够在手术过程中避免腋窝血管、淋巴管神经受到伤害，同时能够降低上肢水肿等多种并发症的发生，保乳联合前哨淋巴结活检术在治疗乳腺癌过程中，可进一步提高患者的生活质量[2]。该文从2018年5月—2019年5月的30例乳腺癌患者入手，探究保乳术联合前哨淋巴结活检治疗疗效，现报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1  一般资料