You can help after a natural disaster

自然灾害是当今世界面临的重大问题之一，不但影响经济、社会的可持续发展，并且威胁人类的生存。灾后，我们个人可以做什么来帮助灾区呢？

题材 体裁 篇幅 建议用时自然灾害 说明文400词 8分钟

难词探意

1.sergeant/΄sɑːdʒənt/n.陆军（或空军）中士

2.deploy/dɪ΄plɔɪ/v.部署；调度（军队或武器）

3.therapy/΄θerəpi/n.治疗；疗法

The wrong donations end up costing charities precious dollars just to store leftovers—which is why clothing may not be the best use of your donation efforts.Learn how you can help families and communities in the most resource-wise ways with these ideas.

Think of the children

“Children's needs are important during disasters,”said Paul Grattan,Jr.,asergeantand 17-year veteran(老手)of the New York City Police Department who has disaster response-and-recovery experience. “As families impacted by a disaster try to shield their children from the effects,they seek to supply them with the entertainment,toys,snacks,juices,candies,and other treats and comfort items they are accustomed to,particularly in less-immediate post-disaster environments.”Turn your dollars into toys and entertainment options for kids of all ages.Shelters can accept these donations and distribute them appropriately.

Donate your skills to your community

If you are trained in disaster response,you can contact your local emergency services and the Red Cross to see if they are seeking volunteers.Let them know your capabilities and availability.They will follow up if they're ready todeployvolunteers.Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help.

Spend time caring for families and individuals at shelters

“Time and comfort are the two most important things you can give free of charge,”said Carole Lieberman,MD,a psychiatrist and author. “Spend time listening to the victims with a compassionate ear.Bring books,and read to the children.”If you're not near the affected area,Lieberman said you can also help sponsor companies to bringtherapydogs,books,or food to shelters or communities.

Become a volunteer now for the future

“Aside from financial donations,volunteering is the best way to give,”Gustafson said.However,you have to begin this process long before any disaster hits.The Red Cross,and relief organizations like a trained group of volunteers who can jump into action.They don't have the resources to train during relief periods.

Give cash

For international disasters,the USAID Center for International Disaster Information strongly recommends donating cash.“When people donate material items to those affected by international disasters,the items themselves are costly to ship,and often items are not what is needed at that moment,”says a spokesperson for the relief organization.Just make sure you're donating to an organization you can trust.

Reading Check

1.What's the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2?

A.Protect.

B.Educate.

C.Escape.

D.Separate.

2.Who can choose to donate their skills to their communities?

A.People who have a lot of time.

B.People who are trained in disaster response.

C.People who have much experience in caring.

D.People who like children very much.

3.Why do relief organizations like trained volunteers?

A.They don't have the right to train volunteers.

B.They don't have the time to train volunteers.

C.They don't have the resources to train volunteers.

D.They don't have the capabilities to train volunteers.

Language Study

Sentence for writing

For international disasters,the USAID Center for International Disaster Information strongly recommends donating cash.对于国际灾难，美国国际开发署灾难信息中心强烈建议捐款。

【信息提取】...strongly recommend doing...意为“……强烈建议做……”。

【句式仿写】这些专家强烈建议每年一定把机器检修一次。

主题应用·语库构建

Ⅰ.热词积累

1.灾难名称

earthquake 地震

avalanche 雪崩

tsunami 海啸

landslide 山体滑坡

mudslide 泥石流

forest fire 森林大火

flood 洪水

typhoon 台风

drought 干旱

hail 冰雹

hurricane 飓风

downpour 暴雨

blizzard 暴风雪

dust storm 沙尘暴

haze 霾

volcano eruption 火山爆发

2.相关动词

erupt 喷发

destroy 毁坏

damage 损害

cause 造成

rescue 救援

help/assist 帮助

donate 捐赠

rebuild 重建

preserve 保存；保护

disappear 消失；灭绝；消亡

attempt 企图；试图；尝试

recover 恢复；康复

remove 去除；移开；脱去

intend 打算；计划；想要

threaten 威胁；危及

exist 存在；生存

3.表示心理状态的形容词

honest 诚实的

trustful 充满信任的

brave 勇敢的

generous 慷慨的

enthusiastic 热心的

responsible 负责的

helpful 有益的

frightened 害怕的

desperate 绝望的

useful 有用的

hopeful 有希望的

confident 有信心的

discouraged 失望的

4.相关短语

prevent...from...防止……

protect...from...保护……免受……的侵害

do harm to 对……造成损害

in ruins 严重受损

come to one's rescue 来救某人

suffer from 遭受

break out 爆发

put out the fire 扑灭火

take part in 加入

take place 发生

escape from 逃离

lose one's life 失去生命

be covered with 被……覆盖

be flooded with 被……淹没

return to normal 恢复正常

cause great damage 造成巨大的损害

blow away 刮走

wash away 冲走

lead to 导致

turn to 向……求助

Ⅱ.话题金句

1.I learned that a terrible earthquake happened in your city.I am really concerned about you and your family.我得知你们城市发生了一场可怕的地震。我真的很担心你和你的家人。

2.I'm so sorry to hear about the disaster,which caused six deaths and left more than 500 persons injured,29 persons missing and over 200 houses falling down.得知这场灾难我感到很难过，它造成6人死亡，500多人受伤，29人失踪，200多所房屋倒塌。

3.The Chinese people are donating money and materials to fight the earthquake.全国人民正在为抗震救灾捐款、捐物。

4.Every effort will be made to save lives if there is the slightest hope.如果有一线希望，就要千方百计挽救生命。

5. The emergency workers continued to search the ruined buildings for victims and succeeded in saving some survivors.救援队员们继续在倒塌的楼房中搜寻遇难者，成功地救出了几名幸存者。

6.We must take effective measures to help the villagers to rebuild their homes.我们必须采取有效的措施来帮助村民们重建家园。

7.What amazed me was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.让我吃惊的是，这位老人捐出所有的钱来资助当地学校。

8.What impressed me most is the way the people face the disaster.给我印象最深的是人们面对灾难的方式。

9.The little boy was the only one surviving the earthquake in his village.这个小男孩是他的村子里唯一一个在地震中幸存下来的人。

10.Quantities of supplies were transported to the local people immediately the flood happened.洪水一发生，大量的物资就被运送给当地人。

11.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake,the city took on a new look.在遭受大地震后不久，这座城市面貌焕然一新。

12.With so many miners buried under the mine,none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.有这么多矿工被埋在矿井下，没有一个救援人员会停下来休息。

Ⅲ.情境应用

假定你是李华，是一名不久前经历了地震的中学生。请你就以下内容向报社写一封信，反映灾后情况，并对提供各方面帮助的爱心人士表达谢意。要点如下：

1.目睹了人们奋不顾身救人，及时运送救援物资；

2.在众多陌生人的帮助下，找回自己的父母，正在重建家园；

3.更加珍惜来之不易的学习机会，将来会努力学习，回报他人。注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

Dear editor,

I'm a senior student that has experienced a great earthquake.I wrote to you to express my thanks to those who helped us when we suffered the disaster.

Yours,

Li Hua