中文教育组织的发展与合作

工作坊均由世界汉语教学学会中外理事共同主持。据不完全统计，共有来自美国、加拿大、阿根廷、智利、英国、法国、瑞典、埃及、苏丹、博茨瓦纳、澳大利亚、日本、韩国、沙特、印度、尼泊尔、阿富汗、新加坡、马来西亚、哈萨克斯坦、中国香港、中国台湾等23 个国家和地区的专家学者参与，人次达到220 人左右。

亚太地区汉语教学学会会长吴英成、台湾世界华语文教育学会理事长任弘、加拿大中文教师学会理事田军、尼泊尔汉语教师学会会长古马尔、世界汉语教育史研究学会理事施正宇、澳大利亚中文教师联会会长李复新等均介绍了组织情况、工作计划等。代表们认为，目前国际上中文教育组织数量持续增加，处于发展上升阶段，深化沟通、优势互补是今后工作重点。不少与会专家也表示，计划成立中文教育组织，以达到团结汉语教师、促进汉语教学事业发展的目的。

来自中外高校、教育公司和出版企业的发言嘉宾，从不同角度探讨了国际中文教育多边合作的重要性和优越性。

孜孜华文教育科技（北京）有限公司经理史文华以与英国谢菲尔德大学孔子学院的合作为例进行了介绍，针对学生群体（商务人士）的需求和特点，孔子学院提供内容，公司运用技术手段开发慕课，并升级为H5 形式的商务汉语课程。该课程不仅在孔院使用，也在当地电视台播放，既解决了商务人士学习时间短、缺乏系统性的问题，也为孔子学院增加了经费来源。专家们普遍认为，多边合作应从以下方面着手：优势互补，充分利用现代科学技术；促进企业与孔院、高校进行资源研发多边合作；加强教材研发中的显性与隐形、浅层与深层合作；加强区域间、行业间、组织间和政府间的多边交流合作等等。

北京语言大学中国书法国际传播研究院院长、汉语国际教育研究院院长崔希亮教授重点从理念、章程、任务、合作方式、权利与义务等方面，提出将孔子学院串联起来开展学术交流、人员交流，促进成员在联盟框架内实现共赢共享；法国皮卡迪大学中文系主任闭德世教授提出建立以孔子学院为中心的中文语言和文化系统，满足全年龄段汉语学习需求；安徽大学沙宗元教授以智利中文教师协会的发展建设为例，建议将中文教育组织与孔子学院一体化，由所在地区孔院发起成立，以便深入开展中文教育工作；英国伦敦理启蒙大学现代语言中心主任张新生教授建议加强孔子学院与当地国际中文教育组织的合作，以资金、学术支持等方式带动组织发展，从而进一步推动本土中文教育。代表们一致认为，孔子学院是推动中文教育国际传播的主力军，积极吸纳世界范围内多领域、多类型的中文教育组织共同参与、协同合作，是助力中文国际教育的有效路径，也是优化孔子学院发展的新向度。

各大学中文系主任（负责人）分享了所在高校的状况与困境，认为总体发展良好，但仍存在部分问题，如有些地区存在汉语教材水土不服、课程设置相近等。通过讨论，代表们提出了一些解决设想，如现场教学与网络教学相结合；结合当地特色，共同编写本土教材与大纲；开展中外联合培养本土教师继续教育项目；成立中文教学组织等。专家们表示，孔子学院作为推动汉语教学事业发展的中坚力量，应兼顾各国中文系的发展情况，通过学术交流、项目合作、经验分享等方式将其融入到国际中文教育整体中来。

The workshops are jointly held by Chinese and foreign directors of the International Society for Chinese Language Teaching. According to incomplete statistics, around 220 experts and scholars from 23 countries and regions were present, such as America, Canada,Argentina, Chile, Britain, France, Sweden, Egypt, Sudan, Botswana, Australia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, India, Nepal, Afghan, Singapore, Malaysia, Kazakhstan.

Wu Yingcheng, Chairman of the Asia-Pacific Consortium of Teaching Chinese as an International Language,Ren Hong, President of World Chinese Language Association, Tian Jun, Director of Chinese Language Teachers’ Association of Canada, Kumar, President of Chinese Language Teachers’ Association of Nepal, Shi Zhengyu, Director of International Chinese Language Education History Research Society, Li Fuxin, Chairman of Australian Chinese Language Teachers’ Association introduced their institutions and work plans etc. The representatives believed that Chinese language education institutions are increasing around the world now and such development is in an upswing.It is the key to deepen communication and complement each other’s advantages for future work. Many experts also planned to establish Chinese language education institutions to unite Chinese language teachers and promote the development of Chinese language teaching.

Guests from colleges, education companies and publishing enterprises in China and foreign countries discussed the importance and superiority of international multilateral cooperation for Chinese language education. Shi Wenhua, Manager of Zizi Chinese Language Education Science (Beijing) Co.,Ltd. showed the cooperation with the Confucius Institute at the University of Sheffield in Britain for an introduction.According to students’ demands and characteristics, the Confucius Institute provided contents and the company used technology to develop the MOOC and upgrade the course to Business Chinese language course in H5 form.The course is not only used in the Confucius Institute, but also played in local TV stations, helping entrepreneurs have more learning time and systematic study and increasing the fund for the Confucius Institute. Experts believed that multilateral cooperation should be carried out in the following aspects: to complement each other’s advantages and make full use of modern teaching technology; to promote multilateral cooperation in resource research and development by enterprises, the Confucius Institute, colleges and universities;to enhance the cooperation in textbook research and development; to strengthen multilateral communication and cooperation among regions, industries,organizations and governments.

Cui Xiliang, President of International Communication Institute of Chinese Calligraphy and Research Institute of International Chinese Language Education at Beijing Language and Culture University, put forward that we should unite the Confucius Institute to perform academic communication and personnel exchange so that members can have win-win results and share benefits under the alliance frame,in terms of concept, constitution, task,cooperation method as well as rights and obligations. Georges Bê Duc, Dean of the Chinese Language Department at University of Picardy in France, put forward that we should establish a Chinese language and culture system centered around the Confucius Institute to satisfy the Chinese language study demands of people at various ages. Sha Zongyuan,Professor of Anhui University, took the development of Chinese Language Teachers’ Association of Chile as an example and advised that the local Confucius Institute should integrate Chinese language education institutions and the Confucius Institute to develop Chinese language education in depth.Zhang Xinsheng, Director of the Centre for Modern Languages in Richmond,the American International University in London, suggested strengthening the cooperation between the Confucius Institute and local Chinese language education institutions and using fund and academic support etc. to drive the development of the institutions so as to further promote local Chinese language education. It is agreed by all representatives that the Confucius Institute is the main force to promote international Chinese language education. It is an effective way of assisting international Chinese language education and a new direction of optimizing Confucius Institute development to actively absorb Chinese language education institutions of various types around the globe to participate and cooperate together.

Deans (principals) of the Chinese language departments in various universities shared the situations and difficulties faced by their universities. They thought that the overall development is good, but some problems still existed.For example, Chinese language textbooks are not suitable for some areas and courses are all similar. Through discussion, the representatives put forward some assumptions, such as combining on-site teaching with online teaching,writing local textbooks and outlines based on local features, conducting Sino-foreign in-service training for local teachers’, and establishing Chinese language teaching institutions etc. Experts indicated that the Confucius Institute serves as the core force to push forward Chinese language teaching development and should give consideration to the development of Chinese language departments in various countries at the same time and fuse the Chinese language departments into the whole community of international Chinese language education through various methods, such as academic communication, program cooperation and experience sharing.