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Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

2019-11-07

时代英语·初中 2019年5期
关键词:动名词代词介词

重点知识园地

重点单词

1. anyone  pron.  任何人

anyone相当于anybody,通常用在否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。

I wont tell anyone I saw you here.

我不会告诉任何人我在这儿见过你。

注意:

(1)由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。

(2)不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要放在不定代词后面,作后置定语。

Is there anything interesting in the book?

这本书中有有趣的东西吗?

2. seem  v.  好像;似乎;看来

Everything seems easy.

一切似乎很容易。

seem + adj.  看起来……

You seem happy today.

你今天看起来很高兴。

seem + to do sth  似乎、好像做某事

I seem to have a cold.

我似乎感冒了。

It seems/seemed + that从句  看起来好像……;似乎……

It seems that no one likes you.

看起来好像没有人喜欢你。

3. bored  adj.  厌倦的;烦闷的

I am bored with staying in the classroom.

我厌倦了待在教室里。

辨析:boring和bored

bored意为“感到厌烦的;感到烦闷的”,多用于修饰人。

boring意为“令人无聊的;令人厌烦的”,多用于修饰物。

The speech is long and everyone is bored.

演讲冗长,每个人都厌烦了。

Exercising alone can be boring.

獨自锻炼会很枯燥。

4. decide  v.  决定;选定

常用于以下结构中:

decide to do sth  决定做某事

decide + 从句  决定……

We decide to go to New York next month.

我们决定下个月去纽约。

He decided that he would buy a new computer.

他决定买一台新电脑。

decision  n.  决定

make a decision  做决定

I made a decision to study hard.

我决定要努力学习。

5. try  v. & n.  试图;设法;努力

常用于以下结构中:

(1)try to do sth意为“努力做某事”。

Try to arrive at the school at 6 oclock.

尽量6点钟到校。

(2)try doing sth 意为“试着做某事”。

I tried gardening but didnt succeed.

我试着种果木花卉,但未成功。

注意:try还可以用作名词。

I want to have a try.

我想尝试一下。

try on  试穿

try ones best to do sth  尽某人最大的努力去做某事

have a try  试一试

6. wonder  v.  想知道;琢磨

I wonder where to spend the weekend.

我琢磨着去哪里过周末。

7. difference  n.  差别;差异

Whats the difference between this computer and that one?

这台电脑和那台有何不同?

make a difference  有关系,有作用;有影响

different  adj.  不同的

8. wait  v.  等待;等候

wait for意为“等候”,其后可接人或物。

Tom was waiting for a bus over there.

汤姆正在那边等公交车。

9. enough  adj. & adv.  足够的(地);充足的(地);充分的(地)

作定语修饰名词时,放在名词的前面或后面均可,但多放在前面;作副词时,放在被修饰词的后面。

I have enough time/time enough to watch TV.

我有足够的时间看电视。

You work hard enough.

你工作足够努力。

10. dislike v. & n.  不喜爱(的事物);厌恶(的事物)

作动词时,其后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

Mary dislikes hamburgers.

玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。

I dislike playing computer games.

我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。

重点短语

1. quite a few  相当多;不少

其后接可数名词的复数。

She went shopping and bought quite a few things.

她上街买了很多东西。

同义词:many,quite a little

quite a little修饰不可数名词,而quite a few和many修饰可数名词复数。

Theres still quite a little milk in the bottle.

那个瓶子里还有不少牛奶。

2. feel like  给……的感觉;感受到

注意:feel like + 名词/代词  感觉像(是)……

feel like + doing  想做……

When I came back to Wuhan, I felt like a stranger.

当我回到武汉时,感觉自己像个陌生人。

I feel like staying in bed all day.

我想整天待在床上。

3. because of  因为

because of是介词短语,后跟名词、代词或动名词。

The football match was put off because of the rain.

因为下雨,足球赛延期了。

辨析:because和because of

because是连词,后接句子,常用来回答由why引导的特殊疑问句。

—Why are you in a hurry?

你为何这么匆忙?

—Because I want to catch the first bus.

因为我想赶上第一班公交车。

because of是复合介词,后接名词或代词。

He cant come because of illness.

他生病了,所以来不了。

活学活用

用所给词的适当形式填空

1. Is there ______ (someone) in the classroom?

2. She seems ______ (be) strict.

3. He decided ______ (visit) his uncle.

4. Math is ______ (bored).

5. I dislike ______ (play) football.

基本语法

一、复合不定代词的用法

1.构成:由some,any,no,every加上thing,one,body所构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。

2.用法:

(1)复合不定代词在句子中常作主语、宾语和表语,但不能作定语。somebody,someone,something通常用于肯定句中,但在表示征求意见并希望得到对方的肯定回答时可以用于疑问句中;anybody,anyone,anything通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。

—Would you like something to drink?

你想来点喝的吗?

—Yes, please.

好的。

He didnt eat anything this morning.

今早他什么都沒吃。

(2)复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Everyone in our class likes English.

我们班每个人都喜欢英语。

(3)形容词修饰复合不定代词时,要放在复合不定代词之后。

I have something important to tell you.

我有一些重要的事情要对你讲。

二、一般过去时的动词变化

1.规则变化。

(1)一般的动词直接在词尾加-ed。

talk—talked

(2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词加-d。

like—liked    love—loved

(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词变y为i再加-ed。

study—studied

(4)以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写末尾字母再加-ed。

stop—stopped

2.不规则变化需要特别记忆。

buy—bought    sell—sold

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