成人上颌正中多生牙的临床美学修复探讨
2019-10-16杜文治裴丹丹刘洁王珍珍贺敏逯宜
杜文治 裴丹丹 刘洁 王珍珍 贺敏 逯宜
[摘要]目的:针对成人正中多生牙患者,评价其非正畸美学修复方案及效果。方法:选取2015年7月-2017年12月在笔者医院全瓷修复治疗的成人正中多生牙患者16例,共19颗全瓷修复体,永久戴用1天、1周、6个月、12个月后复查,利用改良Ryge标准对全瓷修复体修复后效果进行评估,并对患者进行满意度调查。结果:在修复体初戴时发现,4例患者对修复体颜色不满,经技师现场调色满意后并粘接;术后1周内,部分患者出现暂时牙龈轻度红肿及一过性敏感症状,短期内症状缓解并消失;术后6个月,1例修复体崩瓷返工;术后1年随访发现患者的主观满意度高达100%。结论:通过全瓷修复治疗上颌正中多生牙,避免正畸治疗所带来的一些痛苦,能在一定程度上改善前牙美观,满足患者的个性化需求,可作为治疗正中多生牙的一种临床选择。
[关键词]成人;全瓷修复体;美学修复;正中牙;满意度
[中图分类号]R783.4 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2019)10-0106-03
Abstract: Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effects of adult patients with mesiodens treated by all-ceramic restorations. Methods The present study consisted of 19 all-ceramic restorations of 16 adults with mesiodens from July 2015 to December 2017.The clinical effects treated by all-ceramic restroations were assessed by using the modified Ryge criteria, and the satisfaction of patient was investigated through the questionnaire. Results At the beginning of the restoration, 4 patients were dissatisfied with the color of the prosthesis. While through the adjustment by the technicians on-site, they all satisfied the color and agreed that the prosthesis to be adhered. Within 1 week after restoration, several patients presented temporary mild gingival redness and swelling and transient sensitive symptoms, which were relieved and then disappeared in a short time. After six months, 1 case of ceramic restoration was reworked for the cracking of porcelain. In addition, the patient's subjective satisfaction was as high as 100% after all patients were followed up for more than one year. Conclusion Using all-ceramic restorations to repair mesiodens can improve the aesthetic of the patients and reduce the pain caused by orthodontic treatment. Therefore, all-ceramic restorations can be used as a clinical option for the treatment of mesiodens.
Key words: adults; all-ceramic restoration; aesthetic prosthetics; mesioden; satisfaction
正常牙數之外多生的牙为多生牙,也称额外牙[1]。多生牙可发生在颌骨的任何部位,上颌中线是最好发区域,即“正中多生牙”(Mesioden),位于上颌两中切牙之间,常为单个,也可成对[2]。在临床上对于正中多生牙,尤其是埋伏牙,常拔除后采用正畸调整间隙,再通过修复治疗改善前牙美观。但是正畸治疗对于成年患者来说存在诸多问题,而且正中牙的治疗方案取决于它的形态、部位,与邻牙的关系等多种因素,对于合适的病例也可考虑保留多生牙[3]。本研究通过收集临床上正中多生牙患者16例,探讨未采用正畸治疗,仅利用全瓷贴面或冠修复正中多生牙的临床效果。
1 资料和方法
1.1 一般资料:本研究选取2015年7月-2017年12月在笔者医院治疗的成人正中多生牙16例患者,其中男12例,女4例,年龄19~43岁。其中保留正中多生牙,直接行全瓷修复者13例,共13个修复体;拔除正中多生牙后,行11牙和21牙贴面、单冠或联冠修复关闭间隙者3例,共6个修复体。
1.2 修复方法
1.2.1 修复前准备:①修复前,对患牙拍X线根尖片,测量冠根比,观察根尖周情况;②牙周洁治(如:有牙龈炎及牙周炎症者);③口腔卫生宣教;④与患者充分沟通,告知治疗中存在的风险,签署知情同意书;⑤制作诊断蜡型;⑥比色:以邻牙作为参考比色。
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[收稿日期]2019-02-21
本文引用格式:杜文治,裴丹丹,刘洁,等.成人上颌正中多生牙的临床美学修复探讨[J].中国美容医学,2019,28(10):106-109.