译题：人工智能行业新政(二)

People

Work with schools， universities and industry to ensure a highly-skilled workforce

Skilled experts are needed to develop AI， and they are in short supply. As a global leader， the UK needs a large workforce with deep AI expertise; a more diverse， AI research base and workforce; and better digital skills in the wider workforce to use AI.

Demand for AI talent in AI techniques， such as machine learning， is increasing rapidly. Action is needed now to ensure the skills pipeline can meet the needs of industry now and in the future. The government recognises that to provide the advanced skills needed for creating AIalgorithms， the work begins in schools. That is why we have announced a major reform of technical education with the launch of T levels and investment in STEM subjects.

At a higher level， industry will be investing to fund a Masters degree programme with an integrated internship， targeting an initial cohort of 200 students per year. The government will be funding 450 new PhD places， and establishing a prestigious Turing Fellowship to support an initial cohort of 10 AI Fellows， to keep the best and brightest AI researchers in the UK. These are just the first steps that we are taking to ensure the growth of AI skills in the UK.

Enable access to high-skilled global talent

The government has doubled the number of available Tier 1 visas for ‘Exceptional Talent’ – including specialists in AI – from 1，000 to 2，000 per year. We will work with Tech Nation to explore how to promote this and other visa routes to AIspecialists to maximise the growth of AI in the UK.

Take steps to promote diversity in the AI workforce

Increasing diversity in the AI workforce is vital to ensure that everyone with the potential to participate has the opportunity to do so. The government will work with the AI Council to promote diversity in the AI workforce.

I  nfrastructure

Enhance the UK’s existing data infrastructure

Data is a critical part of our digital infrastructure – and fundamental to AI.

Open data published by organisations across a range of sectors have enabled other businesses to innovate and build new services， which in turn can make significant contributions to the economy. Similarly， open environmental data has been used to create flood risk and water quality apps.

The government is committed to opening up more data in a way that makes it reusable and easily accessible.

Develop fair， equitable and secure data sharing frameworks

Some of the most valuable data – in terms of its potential for enabling innovation， improving services of realising public sector savings – cannot be made open because it contains nationally critical， personal or commercially sensitive information. This includes data which could be used to identify individuals. Organisations looking to access or share data can often face a range of barriers， from trust and cultural concerns to practical and legal obstacles. To address these issues， we are working with industry to pioneer mechanisms for data sharing such as Data Trusts. These frameworks will ensure that all parties involved have defined rights and responsibilities towards the data and individuals’ personal data， and other sensitive data， is protected.

In addition to Data Trusts， we will explore how to improve data sharing generally， through sharing frameworks and consideration of data portability.

Deliver a strong digital infrastructure across the UK

The government will work with the telecommunications industry to extend coverage of superfast broadband across the UK， In addition， the University of Cambridge Research Computing Service is making the UK’s fastest academic supercomputer available to AI technology companies. Capable of solving the largest scientific and industrial challenges at very high speeds， it is supported by advice and consultancy from the team at Cambridge. The aim is to help companies to create real business value from advanced computing infrastructures.

譯文

人才

与中小学、大学和行业合作，确保拥有高技能的劳动力

开发人工智能需要有熟练的专家，而这些人才却很短缺。作为一个全球领导者，英国需要一个拥有深厚人工智能专业知识的庞大劳动力队伍，更多样化的人工智能研究基地和劳动力，以及在更广泛的劳动力中提高使用人工智能的数字技能。

在机器学习等人工智能技术方面，社会对人工智能人才的需求正在迅速增长。我们现在需要采取行动，确保技能传递途径能够满足现在和将来行业的需要。政府意识到，为了提供创建人工智能算法所需的高级技能，这项工作必须从中小学开始。这就是为什么我们宣布了一项重大的技术教育改革，推出T级考试，并对STEM学科进行投资。

在更高的层面上，行业界将投资资助一个硕士学位项目，提供综合实习，目标是每年招收200名学生。政府将资助450个新的博士学位，并建立一个享有盛誉的图灵奖学金，以支持首批10名人工智能研究员，将最优秀、最聪明的人工智能研究人员留在英国。这些都还只是我们为确保英国人工智能技能的增长而采取的第一步。

能够接触到高技能的全球人才

政府为优秀人才（包括人工智能专家）提供的一级签证数量增加了一倍，从每年1000个增至2000个。我们将与Tech Nation合作，探索如何向人工智能专家推广这种签证和其他签证途径，以最大限度地促进人工智能在英国的发展。

采取措施促进人工智能劳动力的多样性

增加人工智能劳动力的多样性对确保每个有潜力参与的人都有机会参与是至关重要的。政府将与人工智能委员会合作，促进人工智能劳动力的多样性。

基础设施

增强英国现有的数据基础设施

数据是我们数字基础设施的重要组成部分，也是人工智能的基础。

由多个行业的组织发布的公开数据，能够使其他企业创新和构建新的服务，进而为经济做出重大贡献。同样，开放的环境数据也被用来创建洪水风险评估和水质检测应用程序。

政府则致力于开放更多的数据，使其可重复使用并易于访问。

制定公平、公正和安全的数据共享框架

一些最有价值的数据（就其实现创新、改善实现公共部门成本的服务潜力而言）无法公开，因为它包含对国家至关重要的、个人的或商业敏感的信息。这包括了可以用来识别个人的数据。寻求访问或共享数据的组织经常会面临一系列障碍，从信任和文化问题到实际和法律障碍。为了解决这些问题，我们正与业界合作，开创数据信任等数据共享机制。这些框架将确保所有相关方对数据和个人数据以及其他敏感数据有明确的权利和责任，并受到保护。

除了数据信任，我们还将探讨如何通过共享框架和考虑数据可移植性来改善数据共享。

在英国各地提供强大的数字基础设施

政府将与电信行业合作，扩大英国超高速宽带的覆盖范围，此外，剑桥大学研究计算服务中心正在为人工智能技术公司提供英国最快的学术超级计算机。它能够以极高的速度解决最大的科学和工业挑战，并得到剑桥团队的建议和咨询的支持，目的是帮助公司从高级计算基础设施中创造真正的商业价值。