情绪与情感
2019-09-10邱世才
邱世才
★话题概述
“情绪与情感”是英语书面表达中常见的话题。情绪是人们对客观现实的一种特殊的反映形式,是对客观事物是否符合自己需要而产生的心理体验。对于“情绪与情感”类的话题,在写作时,无论是对喜怒哀乐的表达,还是就“如何保持良好的情绪或情感”提出建议,都要能有话可说。
此类话题的写作题目中常常会给出特定的提示信息,有些是对人的内心情感或者对会引发人的情绪的提示。这是对考生的要求,考生写作时要充分应用这些信息。
对于描述在已经发生过的事件中表露出来的喜怒哀乐,要用一般过去时态来表示;对于如何保持良好的情绪,消除不良或消极的情感,多用一般现在时或情态动词进行组句。
★高频词语
1.名词
cry 哭;叫喊
fear 害怕;惧怕
dream 梦想
expression 表情
feeling 感情;情感
sense 感觉;意识
smile 笑;微笑
pleasure 高兴;愉快
regret 懊悔
pride 自豪;骄傲
hope 希望
wish 愿望
luck 幸运;运气
pity 遗憾;怜悯
trouble 苦恼
love 喜爱
shame 羞耻
surprise 惊奇;惊讶
memory 记忆;回忆
happiness 幸福;快乐
praise 表扬;赞扬
2.动词
cheer 欢呼;喝彩
feel 感受;觉得
worry 担心;担扰
trouble 使苦恼
seem 似乎;好像
expect 预料;期待
dream 做梦
regret 感到遗憾
surprise 使惊奇
imagine 想象
3.形容词
bored 烦闷的;厌倦的
excited 兴奋的
nice 令人愉快的
glad / happy / pleased 高兴的
proud 自豪的
lucky 幸运的
nervous 焦虑的
angry 生气的
sad 悲伤的
afraid 害怕的
crazy 疯狂的
great 伟大的
patient 有耐心的
lonely 孤独的
upset 失望的
nervous 紧张的
worried 担心的
friendly 友好的
shy 害羞的
disappointed 失望的
4.短语
angry with sb. 对某人生气
be angry at / with 对……气愤
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
be afraid of 害怕……
be excited about 对……感到兴奋
be proud of 为……骄傲
be tired of 对……感到厌倦
cheer up 振奋起来
worry about 担心;烦恼
to one's surprise 使某人惊讶的是
be pleased with 对……满意
be bored with 对……烦闷
be glad about 对……(感到)高兴
be crazy about 狂热于……
be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求
be nervous about 对……紧张
★提分句型
1.That news is so surprising that we all feel surprised. 那则消息太令人吃惊了,我们都感到很惊讶。
2.I want to tell you that many students have the same problems as yours.我想告诉你,许多同学都有与你一样的困难(疑惑)。
3.She was very pleased / satisfied with her exam results. 她对考试成绩非常满意。
4.You should calm down and relax. 你應该冷静和放松。
5.I felt... but I was very... 我感到……但是我十分……
6.It is known that... is good for... 众所周知,……是对……是有益的。
7.sb. be very angry with me because I... 某人因为我……而对我很生气。
8.He is very nervous because he will... 他非常紧张,因为他……
★佳作赏评
How to deal with the stress
Problems and stress are normal in our life. Sometimes everyone may feel worried or sad. It's all right to tell others when you are anxious. It's good to communicate with your classmates, teachers or parents when you are in trouble. Thus, you can solve the problems from study or life easily.
Listening to music or taking part in outdoor activities is another way to help you get relaxed.
Try to smile at yourself and never keep silent about your problems.
Please do remember that you're not alone. No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all of them can be overcome in the end.
【权威点评】
本篇习作结构完整,层次分明,语句流畅,表达自然。对于如何处理我们日常生活中的压力给予了比较好的建议,并提出了具体对策。
作者围绕“如何处理压力”的主题展开论述。首先从生活中有困难和压力是正常之事,每个人都会有苦恼、焦虑的时候。到與人交流,一定要告诉别人你的烦恼。再到遇到任何困难时,与同学交流,和老师、家长及时沟通。最后,就如何轻松、快乐地学习和生活等作了适当的发挥。
1.在行文时,作者用词非常丰富,对情绪类用词,如worried、sad、anxious、relaxed、silent、alone的选用比较贴切。
2.文中使用了非常好的短语,如feel worried or sad、all right、be good to、communicate with、in trouble、solve the problems、listen to、take part in、outdoor activities、try to do sth.、no matter、in the end等。
3.“It's good to communicate with your classmates, teachers or parents when you are in trouble.”“No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all of them can be overcome in the end.”等多种复合从句结构和“Listening to music or taking part in outdoor activities is another way to help you get relaxed.”“Try to smile at yourself and never keep silent about your problems.”等含有非谓语动词结构的综合运用,丰富了语言内容,使文章锦上添花。
★题例解析
英国作家萨克雷曾说:“播种一种行为,收获一种习惯;播种一种习惯,收获一种性格;播种一种性格,收获一种命运。”在生活中,一定有好的习惯伴随你的成长。请你以“Good habits make me happier”为题写一篇短文。
要点如下:
1.围绕主题进行叙述,并在文中说明原因。
2.写出具体计划,也可以讲述一段与主题有关的故事或经历。
3.字迹工整,内容完整、连贯,语言准确、规范。
注意事项:
1.词数80~100(文章开头句已给出,但不计入总词数)。
2.可适当增加某些细节,以使行文连贯。
Good habits make me happier
Good habits are important in our lives.
【写作提示】
1.审题立意
这是一篇以“Good habits make me happier”为题的话题作文。主题确定后,就要围绕该主题来突出强调“你拥有哪种好习惯”“为什么这种好习惯会使你快乐”等内容。时态为一般现在时,以第一人称为叙述主体。
2.谋篇布局
此文应根据要点采取“总—分—总”的结构进行写作,并围绕主题讲述一段与自己生活有关的故事或经历。最后,提出自己的感悟。
3.语句表达
写作时,避免使用中式英语,尽量用熟悉的句子或短语。语法要正确,表达要符合英语习惯,注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致的问题。适当使用连词,使上下文联系紧密,符合逻辑关系,表达具有条理性。也可根据自己的实际水平,适当用一些重点句型或复合句式,为习作增色加分。例如:
I think (that) reading is a good habit of mine. 我认为读书是我的一个好习惯。
think后接的是一个宾语从句,关系代词that可省可不省。句子很短,但是表达的内容很丰富。
It can also help me learn some know
ledge which I can't learn in class. 它还能帮助我学习到一些我在课堂上学不到的知识。
I can't learn in class是由which引导的定语从句。
To keep this good habit, I will join a reading club in the future. 为保持这个好习惯,我将会加入一个读书俱乐部。
To keep this good habit是由动词不定式作目的状语的句式结构。
【参考范文】
Good habits make me happier
Good habits are important in our lives. They influence us a lot in many ways. I think reading is a good habit of mine.
Every day, I read books for at least half an hour. Before I go to bed, I will read some books first. I think reading can broaden my horizon. It can also help me learn some knowledge which I can't learn in class. Reading brings me happiness and confidence and these make me a better person. To keep this good habit, I will join a reading club in the future.
I think reading is really a good habit and I'll keep it forever.
★即时练笔
距中考大约只有一个月的时间了,面对每天的作业、考试以及父母的期盼,同学们深感压力之大。英语课上,老师让大家介绍自己喜欢的放松方式及其原因。假如下面表格是你们的发言,请根据内容提示,以“How to relax ourselves”为题写一篇英文短文。
具体要求:
1.应包括图表中的全部信息,做到条理清楚,行文连贯,段落分明。
2.词数不少于80,开头已给出,但不计入总词数。
How to relax ourselves
Different people have different ways to relax themselves.