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A Comparison between Modern China and America in Funeral Etiquette

2019-09-10张静如

青年生活 2019年5期
关键词:张静

张静如

Abstract:Afuneralceremonyisthelastceremonyofaperson'slife. Differentcountrieshavedifferentfuneralsbecauseofdifferentculturaltraditions, religiousbeliefs, socialpsychologyandnationalcustoms.Thisarticlewillbrieflyintroducethemeaninganddevelopmentoffuneralrites, andthenintroducetheimportanceandnecessityoffuneralrites.Finally, throughdetailedcomparisonbetweenAmericaandChinainformationmainfuneralmethodsandpostbereavementsacrificetoanalysethecauseanddevelopmenttrendoftheformationoffuneraldifferences.

Keywords:funeral;etiquette;;post;bereavement;sacrifice;;;between;modern;china;and;America;;

Introduction

1. 1.1TheConnotationofFuneralEtiquette

Thefuneralandburialetiquetteisthecollectionoftraditionalculture, whichoriginatedfromthesoulviewofancientsocietyandtheworldoutlookafterdeath. Itsculturalconnotationisextremelyrichandcomplete, anditssystemisquitelargeanddiverse.

1.2TheDevelopmentofFuneralEtiquette

Thetraditionalfuneraletiquette, withtheprogressofhumansociety, isundertheinfluenceofvariousreligionsandethicsinthecountryandatthesametimeabsorbstheprogressivedevelopmentoftheworldcivilization. Ithasgraduallyformedthemodernfuneralandburialetiquettefromthesimpletothecomplex

2. ConceptofFuneral

2.1DescriptionsofFuneralCultureinDifferentBooks

Dreamoftheredchambertheprocesshadnotadvancedveryfarwhenitbegantopassthedecorated“funeralbowers”andtablesofofferingsputupalongthesidesofthestreetbyfriendsandwellwishersofthefamily. Fromsomeofthemthestrainsoffuneralmusicstruckupasitapproached.

2.2TheImportanceofFuneralCulture

Ifthebirthofalifeislikenedtothebeginningofspring, thendeathisequivalenttotheendoftheyear. Justlikethefestivaloftheendoftheyear - asthemostsolemnfestivalinthefourseasons, theritualofdeathisthemostsolemnceremonyintheritualoflife. Therefore, itcanbesaidthatdeathisthegreatestfestivaloflife, andthefuneralistherepertoireofthefestival.

3.DetailsofEtiquetteinChinaandAmericaonFuneral

3.1FuneralEtiquetteinChina

3.1.1TheFormationofFuneralEtiquetteinChina

ThefuneralritualinChinaisroughlydividedintonineaspects:Mortuaryritual、announcesomeone'sdeath、Ariteofspiritandsoul、ceremonyof“seven”、Condolenceceremony、putacorpseinacoffin、Pickadayandchooseaday、Mourningceremony、Funeralceremony.

NeuralMethodsinChina

SincethefoundingofPeople'sRepublicofChina, cremationhasalwaysbeenadvocatedforprotectingfarmlandandsavinglandresources. theonlyexceptionwasthattheremainsofMaoZedonghadnotbeencremated, butwerepreservedandpreserved. InFebruary8, 1985, theStateCouncilpromulgatedtheInterimProvisionsonfuneralandintermentmanagement.Buttheimplementationisnotsmooth, especiallyintheruralareas.

3.1.3ThePostBereavementSacrificeinChina

AncestorworshipinChinaincludesancestorworshiponNewYear'sEve, ancestorworshipatTomb-sweepingDayandnewonlineancestorworship.

1.ancestorworshiponNewYear'sEve

2.ancestorworshipatTomb-sweepingDay

3.onlineancestorworship.

3.2FuneralEtiquetteinAmerica

3.2.1TheFormationofFuneralEtiquetteinAmerica

TheAmericanfuneralceremonyconsistsofthreeparts: keepvigilbesidethecoffin, thecemeteryandtheburial.

3.2.2TheMainFuneralMethodsinAmerica

1.Buyatomb

AccordingtotheregulationsoftheUnitedStates, noone, includinghisfamilymembers, shallbeallowedtomovethedeceasedwithoutdeath. SoAmericansoftenbuybasesbeforetheydie.

2.Buyacoffin

Americancemeteryalsosellscoffin. Somecoffinsamplesarelocatedinthecemeteryofficebuilding.

3.Condolencesandmourning

Afterthefuneral, theguestsofthedeceasedusuallyhaveadinnerwiththefamilymembersofthedeceasedandhaveamealtogether.

3.2.3ThePostBereavementSacrificeinAmerica

ThereisnoTomb-sweepingDayintheUnitedStates, butthereisafestivalsimilartotheTomb-sweepingDayFestival.Americanshavenofixeddatetomourntheirlovedones. ThecemeteryintheUnitedStatesmustnotburnthings.Themostcommonistobringflowersandmourn.

4.Conclusion

TherootofculturaldifferencesbetweenmodernChinaandAmericaisthatChineseculturehasnevergotridofthedependenceofmanonnaturebutAmericanculturehasgotridofit. Now, withtheblendingandcomplementationofChineseandWesterncultures, modernfuneraletiquettearegettingcloserandclosertoeachother.

Reference:

[1]CaoXueqin,thestoryofstone[M],People'sLiteraturePublishingHouse,2008,186-188

[2]LanLinXiaoXiaoSheng,hegoldenlotus[M]XiangjiangPublishingHouse,2017,45-48

[3]SiMaming,FuneralcustomsintheUnitedStates[EB/OL],http://www.360doc.com/content/16/0224/19/481379_537102510.shtml

[4]WhatistheknowledgeoffuneralritesintheUnitedStates[EB/OL],https://www.sohu.com/a/158314911_775308

[5]Funeralcustomsinvariouscountries[EB/OL],https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/348857629.html

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