Having a Picnic
2019-09-10徐小红
徐小红
从前,一个小村子里有座漂亮的花园,春天鲜花盛开,夏天绿树成荫,秋天鲜果飘香,冬天白雪一片。村里的小动物们都喜欢到这里来玩。今天,小兔一家来这里野餐。
看,可爱的小兔正在帮妈妈一起铺野餐垫:
小兔:哇,好多好吃的东西啊!都是我爱吃的呢,an apple,a peach,a bread ...
兔妈妈:我的小乖乖!A bread?你确定?
小兔:是呀,怎么啦?我说错了吗?One,two,three ...
兔妈妈:Bread是不可数名词,它是不可以直接用量词来修饰的。我們可以用some bread来表达“一些面包”的意思。比如:
1. I brought some bread this morning. 今天早上我带了一些面包。
2. Would you like some bread?你想要一些面包吗?
第一个句子是肯定句,第二个句子是希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句,表达“一些”都是用some,当然,如果遇到否定句和一般疑问句,我们就要用any啦。比如:
1. There isn’t any bread on the table. 桌上没有面包。
2. Was there any bread in the cupboard? 碗橱里有面包吗?
小兔:这个我懂啊,但是我就是想不通,这明明就是“一个面包”啊,为什么就不能数呢?
兔妈妈:傻孩子!不可数名词就是不能直接数的,但是我们可以这么表达:
一个面包 a loaf of bread 两个面包 two loaves of bread ...
一片面包 a piece of bread 两片面包 two pieces of bread ...
小兔:复数形式用在了量词上!我又想到一个词:rice(米;米饭)。
一些米 some rice
一碗米 a bowl of rice 两碗米 two bowls of rice ...
一袋米 a bag of rice 两袋米 two bags of rice ...
一千克米 a kilo of rice 两千克米two kilos of rice ...
兔妈妈:宝贝真聪明啊,一点就通!一些常用的表示数量的短语,要努力记住它们哦!
a piece of 一片 a loaf of 一个 a bar of 一条
a cup of 一杯 a glass of 一杯(玻璃杯)
a bowl of 一碗 a bottle of 一瓶
a kilo of 一千克 a tin of 一罐
a pound of 一磅 half a pound of 半磅
小兔:现在我想起您前几天放在桌子上的那张购物单了。原来都是这类用法的!
A piece of cheese. 一块乳酪。 A loaf of bread. 一个面包。
A bar of soap. 一块肥皂。 A bar of chocolate. 一块巧克力。
A bottle of milk. 一瓶牛奶。 A pound of sugar. 一磅糖。
Half a pound of coffee. 半磅咖啡。 A tin of beer. 一听啤酒。
兔妈妈:对呀,这就是生活中的学问!其实,不只是不可数名词可以通过量词来数,可数名词也可以的。比如:
一包土豆 a package of potatoes 两包土豆 two packages of potatoes ...
一串香蕉 a hand of bananas 两串香蕉 two hands of bananas ...
一串葡萄 a bunch of grapes 两串葡萄 two bunches of grapes ...
学到了新本领,小兔迫不及待地跑向兔爸爸。此时,兔爸爸正在河边钓鱼。
小兔:爸爸,妈妈刚刚教我不可数名词的知识了,我都听懂了,厉害吧!
兔爸爸:很好啊,那你用英语说说看“一条鱼!两条鱼!三条鱼!……河里有许多鱼!”
小兔:One fish! Two fishes! Three fishes!... There are a lot of fishes in the river!
兔爸爸:哈哈,我就知道你会上当!Fish是个特殊的词,它既可数,又不可数。
小兔:这个怎么理解啊?
兔爸爸:Fish理解为“鱼的条数”时,是没有复数形式的;如果理解为“鱼的种类”,是有复数形式的。还记得《One Fish,Two Fish,Red Fish,Blue Fish》这首儿歌吗?
One fish,two fish,red fish,blue fish.
Black fish,blue fish,old fish,new fish.
This one has a little star.
This one has a little car.
Say! What a lot of fish there are!
Yes. Some are red. And some are blue.
Some are old. And some are new.
Some are sad. And some are glad.
And some are very very bad.
Why are they sad and glad and bad?
I do not know. Go ask your dad.
Some are thin. And some are fat.
The fat one has a yellow hat.
From there to here,from here to there,
funny things are everywhere...
小兔:哦,一条鱼!两条鱼!三条鱼!……河里有许多鱼!
One fish! Two fish! Three fish! ... There are a lot of fish in the river!
兔爸爸:生活中特殊的词有很多,可数和不可数并不是那么绝对的。比如:
ice cream,ice creams
cake,cakes
chocolate,chocolates
cabbage,cabbages
lettuce,lettuces
chicken,chickens
小兔:这真是应了“学无止境”这句话啊,单单不可数名词就有这么多相关的内容。
兔爸爸:谁说不是啊!fish在表示“鱼的条数”的时候,复数仍然是fish,类似的词还有sheep(绵羊)、deer(鹿)等。
小兔:看来,我得好好学习才行啊!