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中考考点归纳与链接 (二)

2019-05-10

中学生英语·中考指导版 2019年4期
关键词:宾语短语经验

1. shine

(1) shine作名词

n. 光泽;光亮;光彩

◇例如:

If the plate loses its shine, you can rub it up a little and itll look like new. (如果盘子失去光泽,你可以稍为擦试一下,它看起来就像新的。)

(2) shine作动词

① vi. 发光;发亮;反射光;照耀

◇例如:

The sun is shining brightly in the sky. (太阳在天空明亮地照耀着。)

His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazines he wanted. (当他终于收到他想要的杂志的时候,他的眼睛闪亮。)

Her face shines with happiness, and its really nice with pink color on her cheeks. (她脸上洋溢着笑容,双颊上的红晕让她看起来非常漂亮。)

② vt. 用(手电筒等的)光向某方向照射

◇例如:

The police shone a searchlight on the house. (警察用探照灯照射这所房子。)

Shine your torch into the drawer. (你用手电筒照一下抽屉里面。)

③ vt. 擦亮某物

◇例如:

He shone his shoes carefully before he went out. (在出门之前,他仔细地擦亮了鞋子。)

④ vi. 干得出色;出类拔萃,变得杰出

◇例如:

He shines out among the crowd. (在众人中他显得很出色。)

As we let our own light shine, we uncon-sciously (不知不觉) give other people permis-sion to do the same. (当我们释放出精彩,我们身边的人自然而然也会效仿。)

(3) 相关短语:

lose its shine 失去光泽

rain or shine 风雨无阻

take a shine to sb./sth. 突然喜欢上某人(事)

◇例如:

His watch gradually lost its shine after so many years. (经过这么多年,他的手表渐渐失去了光泽。)

I think that dog has taken a shine to me; it follows me everywhere. (我想这只狗已经喜欢上我了,我走到哪它跟到哪儿。)

He goes to school every day, rain or shine. (他每天上学,风雨无阻。)

2. shame

(1) shame作名詞

① n. 羞愧,羞耻

◇例如:

He felt shame at having told a lie. (他因说谎而感到羞耻。)

He had expressed shame for a past event of his life. (他对过去那件事表示很羞愧。)

If you did right, you neednt feel shame. (如果你做得对,就不必感到惭愧。)

② n. 羞愧感

◇例如:

She had no shame and never felt guilty. (他毫无羞耻之心,而且从不觉得内疚。)

She was full of shame at her bad behavior. (她对自己的不良行为感到羞耻。)

③ n. 憾事,带来耻辱的人或事物

◇例如:

What a shame you didnt win. (你没有赢,真是遗憾!)

How can we make people forget the familys shame? (我们怎么能让人忘记这一家庭耻辱呢?)

Its a great shame to treat him like that. (这样对他太不像话了。)

④ Its a shame.

这是一种常见的口语表达,表示一种不如人愿的情形,相当于汉语中“真遗憾;多可惜啊”的意思。

Its a shame...之后还可接不定式或由that引导的从句。

◇例如:

Its a shame that I have no time to visit you. (真遗憾,我没有时间去拜访你。)

⑤ in shame “羞耻地”

◇例如:

He hung his head in shame. (他羞愧得低下了头。 )

(2) shame作动词

① vt. 使(某人)感到羞愧

◇例如:

He was shamed by how much more work the others had done. (别人做的多得多,他感到很难为情。)

It shames me to say it, but I really told a lie. (说出来很难为情,但我确实说了谎。)

Her art achievements shamed her brothers. (她的艺术成就使她的兄弟们相形见绌。)

② vt. 给(某人)带来耻辱;使丢脸

◇例如:

He shamed his family by being sent to prison. (他进监狱使他一家蒙羞。)

③ shame sb. into/out of doing sth. “使某人感到惭愧而做(不做)某事”

◇例如:

That event shamed him out of his bad habit. (那件事让他感到羞愧因而改掉了坏习惯。)

(3) 注意:ashamed是形容词,意为“羞愧的,感到难为情的”。

◇例如:

She was ashamed of having failed in the examination. (她因考试不及格而感到羞愧。)

3. lead

(1) vt. 给某人指路;领路

◇例如:

This road will lead you to the parking lot. (沿这条路走就会到停车场。)

A local poor peasant led the soldiers through the forest. (当地一位贫农领着战士们穿过森林。)

(2) vt. 引导某人;影响某人的言行;怂恿某人做什么

◇例如:

What led you to this conclusion? (你是怎样得出这个结论的?)

The news leads me to believe that they will come. (这消息使我相信他们会来的。)

Im not going to allow anyone to lead me by the nose. (我不允许任何人牵着我的鼻子走。)

(3) vt. 过……的生活

◇例如:

He leads a very simple life. (他过着十分简朴的生活。)

She led a rather hard life. (她过着相当艰苦的生活。)

The expression, to lead a dogs life, describes a person who has an unhappy existence. (过着狗一般的生活,描述的是某人的生活痛苦不堪。)

(4) vi. 通;达

◇例如:

All roads lead to Rome. (条条道路通罗马/殊途同归。)

This door leads into the garden. (此门通往花园。)

(5) lead to sth. “导致某种结果”

◇例如:

I dont think it will lead to a good result. (我认为这事不会有什么好结果。)

An ordinary cold can soon lead to a fever. (一场普通的感冒很快引起高烧。)

4. sweet

(1) sweet作形容词

① adj. 甜的;含糖的

◇例如:

Dont eat so much sweet food. (别吃那么多甜食。)

② adj. 芬芳;芳香的

◇例如:

The rain had cleared the air, and the grass smelt fresh and sweet. (雨水净化了空气,青草闻起来清新芳香。)

③ adj. 悦耳的;旋律优美的

◇例如:

How sweet the music sounds!(这音乐多悦耳!)

Her voice was as soft and sweet as a young girls. (她的声音如少女般柔美悦耳。)

④ adj. 令人高兴的;讨人喜欢的;可爱的

◇例如:

How sweet of you to remember my birthday. (你记得我的生日,真令人高兴啊。)

Your little boy looks very sweet in his new coat. (你们的小男孩穿新外套的样子真可爱。)

⑤ adj. 和蔼的;温柔的

◇例如:

She was a sweet woman, with a warm smile and a twinkle in her eyes. (她是一个和蔼的妇人,面带微笑,神采奕奕。)

My grandparents were very sweet to me. (我的祖父母对我很好。)

(2) sweet作名词

① n. 糖果(常做復数)

◇例如:

Sweets are bad for your teeth. (糖果对你的牙齿有害。)

The little boys face shone when I gave him the sweets. (我把糖果给那个小男孩时,他脸上露出了高兴的神色。)

② n. 甜食

◇例如:

Ice cream is my favorite sweet. (冰淇淋是我最喜爱的甜点。)

(3) 相关短语:

sweet talk 甜言蜜语,花言巧语

sweet music 悦耳的音乐

sweet smell of flowers 花儿芳香的气味

sweet smile 讨人喜欢的笑容

sweet temper 温顺的脾气

sweet voice 悦耳的声音

sweet words 亲切的言语

sweet memories 甜蜜的记忆

have a sweet tooth 喜爱甜食

the sweets of... ……的快乐,乐趣

◇例如:

He tasted the sweets of success. (他尝到了成功的快乐。)

We should enjoy the sweets of life while one is young. (我们应该趁年轻时享受人生乐趣。)

5. remain

(1) remain作为不及物动词,有两种意思,但都不能用进行时态,也没有被动语态。

① vi. 剩下;余下;遗留

◇例如:

Only a few leaves remained on the tree. (树上只剩下几片叶子了。)

② vi. 留下;停留,逗留

后接地点,相当于“stay”。

◇例如:

The Smiths remained there all through the year. (史密斯一家在那里呆了一整年。)

He had to remain in hospital until he was better. (他不得不一直住院直到身体好转。)

(2) remain作为系动词,表示“保持,仍然是,依旧是”,后接形容词、名词、部分副词、不定式、过去分词、介词短语或从句作表语,指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态。

◇例如:

He remained silent. (他保持了沉默。)

The shop remains open until 11 at night. (这个商店一直营业到晚上十一点。)

It remained a secret. (这仍然是个秘密。)

Peter became a manager but John re-mained a worker. (彼得当上了经理,但约翰还是一个工人。)

6. suggest

(1) vt. 建议;提议;提出……供考虑

① 接名词作宾语

◇例如:

We suggested a visit to the museum the next day. (我们建议明天去参观博物馆。)

He suggested a different plan to his boss. (他向老板提出了一个不同的计划。)

Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem. (小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法。)

② 可接动名词作宾语

◇例如:

I suggested putting off the sports meeting. (我建议将运动会延期。)

They suggested waiting until the proper time. (他们建议等到恰当的时机再行动。)

③ 可接that宾语从句,that从句用should+动词原形,should可以省略。

◇例如:

She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. (她建议班会不要在星期六举行。)

We suggested that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher. (我们建议他去向老师道歉。)

(2) vt. 暗示;表明;意味着

其主语往往是事物,而不是人。

① 接名词或动名词作宾语

◇例如:

The simple house suggested a modest income. (这座简朴的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高。)

Her pale face suggested bad health. (她脸色苍白,看起来身体不好。)

The thought of summer suggests swimming. (一想到夏天人们就联想到游泳。)

② 接宾语从句

◇例如:

The decision suggested that he might bring his family. (这个决定表明他可能会带家属来。)

The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry. (他臉上的表情表明他很生气。)

(3) 在主语从句It is suggested that...及名词suggestion后面表示具体建议的表语从句、同位语从句都应用should+动词原形,should可以省略。

◇例如:

It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party. (人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目。)

The doctors made a suggestion that the new hospital (should) not be set up on the hill. (医生们建议不要把新医院建在山上。)

7. interview

(1) 作名词

n. 接见;访问;面谈;面试

◇例如:

Millie is telling Sandy about her interview with Mr. Chen. (米莉正在和桑迪讲关于她采访陈先生的事情。)

I need to look smart for my job interview. (为了工作面试,我需要看起来精神一点。)

(2) 作动词

vt. 对……进行面试或面谈,(记者等)采访,访问

◇例如:

Our teacher asked us to interview people about their jobs. (我们老师让我们采访人们工作的问题。)

(3) 相关短语:

interview sb. for sth. 为了某事采访某人

interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人

a job interview 求职面试

give sb. an interview 接受某人采访

8. experience

(1) 作名词

① n. 经验(不可数)

◇例如:

Mr. Cai is a teacher for math with much experience. (蔡老师是一位经验丰富的数学老师。)

② n. 经历,体验(可数)

◇例如:

Shell never forget the terrible experience in the earthquake last year. (她永远不会忘记去年地震的可怕经历。)

(2) 作动词

vt. 亲身参与;亲身经历;感受;发现

◇例如:

Did you experience an earthquake? (你经历过地震吗?)

(3) 相关短语:

add to the experience 增长经验

improve ones experience 改善某人的体验

learn from experience 从经验中学到

a common experience 共同的经历

direct experience 直接经验

a personal experience 亲身经历

a pleasant experience 愉快的经历

rich experience 丰富的经验

valuable experience 有价值的经验

work experience 工作经验

9. power

(1) n. 力,力量;动力;电力

◇例如:

The little town is short of power, so the streets are usually dark in the evening. (小镇电力不足,晚上街道经常漆黑一片。)

(2) n. 能力

◇例如:

She lost her power of speech. (她失去了说话的能力。)

(3) n. 权力;势力

◇例如:

He has the power to punish this thief. (他有权惩罚这个小偷。)

(4) n. 大国;有权力的人

◇例如:

Six world powers and Iran are meeting in Turkey. (世界六大國将与伊朗在土耳其举行会晤。)

(5) n. 机能;体力;精力

◇例如:

As they are growing older, their power and energy began to disappear. (随着他们逐渐变老,他们的力量和精力开始不济。)

(6) 相关短语:

lose power 失去权力(能力、动力)

cut off power 切断电源

turn off power 关上开关;关上电源

turn on power 启动开关;打开电源

power failure 停电;断电;电源故障

power station 发电站

creative power 创造力

brain power 脑力;智能

water power 水力

wind power 风力

in ones power 在能力(权力)之内;尽某人力量

out of ones power 超越某人的能力;无能为力;丧失权利的

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