一生的安静,绝世的高歌
2019-04-26安徽太湖中学周艳霞
安徽太湖中学 周艳霞
古往今来东西方文化不约而同地把白天鹅作为圣洁、忠贞、高贵的象征。它们羽毛洁白、体态优美,一生只忠于一个伴侣,终身厮守,共同哺育后代。传说中天鹅在生命最后时期会发出它一生中第一次也是唯一一次的歌声——“天鹅之歌”,这是为什么呢?我们一起来阅读吧。
听力扫障
1.gracefuladj.优美的;优雅的
2.hurrahn.(表示快乐或赞同)好极了
3.campaignn.(尤指政治、商业或军事的)专项运动
4.presidentialadj.总统的
扫码听测
Ⅰ.信息匹配
一边听录音一边把下文所提供的有关内容进行匹配。需要匹配的内容是录音材料中的关键信息。
In this section,you will hear some important persons and their identities.After you hear the text,decide what identity would be most suitable for the persons appearing in the text.You will hear the material twice.
1.S o c r a t e s A.t h e e a r l y E n g l i s h w r i t e r 2.A p o l l o B.A m e r i c a's s e v e n t h p r e s-i d e n t.3.C h a u c e r C.t h e a n c i e n t G r e e k p h i-l o s o p h e r 4.E d w i n O'C o n n o r D.t h e G r e e k G o d 5.A n d r e w J a c k s o n E.a w r i t e r
Ⅱ.听写练习
一边听录音一边阅读以下文字材料,这些文字材料不是录音的全部内容,而是以提纲、摘要、笔记、图表等形式再现的录音的主要内容,需要补全的内容一般是录音中的关键信息。注意每空一词。
The swan's last song
1.The white swan is a beautiful_________ .It keeps _________almost through its life.
2.In the eyes of the ancient people,the swan song meant its life would come to an _________.
3.In the eyes of Socrates,the swan song meant it would be _________to serve the god of poetry and song.
4.In the eyes of some writers,the swan song meant the last or the finest_________ of a poet,musician or writer.
5.In the eyes of contemporary people,the swan song means the final_________of any person.
6.In the eyes of a politician,the swan song means his last________,his final________to win the cheers and votes of the people or his last________before his term in office ends.
文本解说
本文是一篇趣味性很强的文化类说明文,文章主要说明了The swan's last song在历史上不同时期和不同人们之间的含义。文章具有较强的趣味性,读来意兴盎然。
体裁 说明文 文章词数 3 8 1 难度指数 ★★★题材 文化 建议用时 7′
The white swan, with its long,gracefulneck, is among the most beautiful of birds.The swan is mostly silent through its life.It floats quietly on the water,unable to sing sweet songs like most other birds.
In ancient times,however,people believed that the swan was given a special gift of song at the end of its life.They believed a swan sings a most beautiful song—just before it dies.The ancient Greek philosopher Socrates talked of this 2300 years ago.Socrates explained that the swan was singing because it was happy.The bird was happy because it was going to serve the Greek God Apollo.Swans were holy to Apollo,the god of poetry and song.
The story of the swan's last song found a place in the works of other writers,including the early English writers Chaucer and Shakespeare.And,the expression swan song has long been a part of the English language.At first,the swan song meant the last work of a poet,musician or writer.Now,it means the final effort of any person.Someone's swan song usually is also considered that person's finest work.
A political expression with a similar meaning is the lasthurrah.The expression may be used to describe a politician's lastcampaign,his final attempt to win the cheers and votes of the people.The last hurrah also can mean the last acts of a politician,before his term in office ends.Writer Edwin O'Connor made the expression popular in nineteen fifty-six.He wrote a book about the final years in the political life of a long-time mayor(市长)of Boston,Massachusetts.He called his bookThe Last Hurrah.Some language experts say the expression came from a name given to noisy supporters of Andrew Jackson,presidentialAmerica's seventh president.They cheered hurrah so loudly for Andy Jackson during his campaign that they became known as the hurrah boys.Jackson's hurrah boys also played a part in the election to choose the next president.Jackson's choice was his vice president,Martin Van Buren.A newspaper of the time reported that Van Buren was elected president,in its words,“...by the hurrah boys,and those who knew just enough to shout hurrah for Jackson.”
在听力测试及阅读的过程中需要抓住文章的时间线索,把握The swan's last song含义的嬗变;还要抓住人物线索,辨别不同人物的不同身份及对应观点。在听的过程中要养成速记的习惯,将文章中的关键信息迅速记录下来,以免信息之间相互干扰。
请思考并交流分享:在听力测试的过程中,有哪些方式可以帮助我们迅速记录敏感信息呢?
背景知识
1.苏格拉底(Socrates,公元前469年—公元前399年),古希腊著名的思想家、哲学家、教育家、公民陪审员。苏格拉底和他的学生柏拉图,以及柏拉图的学生亚里士多德并称为“古希腊三贤”,被后人广泛地认为是西方哲学的奠基者。
2.阿波罗是古希腊神话中的光明、预言、音乐和医药之神,消灾解难之神,同时也是人类文明、迁徙和航海者的保护神,奥林匹斯十二主神之一。还是宙斯和勒托之子。阿波罗又被称作福玻斯·阿波罗,而福玻斯是“光明”或“光辉灿烂”的意思。阿波罗是所有男神之中相貌最英俊的一个,他快乐、聪明,拥有着阳光般的气质,是许多艺术家在诗画中赞颂的对象。阿波罗常被现代人说成是太阳神,而事实上,公元前5世纪已经将他赫利俄斯等希腊土著文明所信奉的太阳神进行并同。在古希腊神话晚期,阿波罗已经有太阳神属性。在著名的《荷马史诗》(公元前8世纪)的记载中,阿波罗被称为银弓之王、远射神和金剑王。
3.杰弗雷·乔叟(1343—1400),英国小说家、诗人。主要作品有小说集《坎特伯雷故事集》。乔叟出生于伦敦一个富裕的商人家庭,受过大学教育,熟悉法语和意大利语。1357年开始出入宫廷,后常出访欧洲,在意大利接触到了但丁、薄伽丘等人的作品,这影响了他后来的文学创作。乔叟于1400年在伦敦去世,葬在威斯敏斯特教堂的“诗人之角”。
参考译文
一生的安静,绝世的高歌
白天鹅以其修长而优雅的颈部跻身于最美鸟类的行列。天鹅的一生都近乎安静。它静静地游荡在水面,不能像其他大多数鸟类一样悦耳地高歌。
然而在很久以前,人们相信天鹅在生命的最后时期会得到一份特殊的歌声礼物。人们相信天鹅在临死之际会唱出最优美的歌声。两千三百年前古希腊哲学家苏格拉底就曾谈及于此。他解释称天鹅放声高歌是因为它们很快乐。它们即将去侍奉希腊之神阿波罗。天鹅是诗歌之神阿波罗的神鸟。
在其他作家的作品中也可以找到天鹅之歌的身影,包括英国早期作家乔叟和莎士比亚。英语中一直就有swan song(天鹅之歌、绝唱、最后杰作)这种措辞。起初,swan song(绝唱)是指诗人、音乐家或者作家最后的作品。现在,它也可以指代任何人最后的努力。某个人的“绝唱”通常也被认为是其最好的作品。
一个有着相似含意的政治措辞是last hurrah(最后一搏)。它可以用于表述政治家最后一次竞选,为赢得欢呼和选民投票的最后一次努力。它还可以理解为政治家任期结束前的最后举动。1956年,作家埃德温·奥康纳(Edwin O'Connor)使得这一措辞开始走红。他写了一本书,讲述了长期任职的马萨诸塞州波士顿市市长最后几年的政治生涯。他称这本书为《最后的欢呼》。一些语言专家表示,这一措辞源于对美国第七任总统安德鲁·杰克逊的狂热支持者的称呼。他们在杰克逊总统竞选期间大声欢呼,被称为“欢呼者”。杰克逊的“欢呼者”在下任总统的选举中也起到了一定作用。杰克逊对下任总统的选择是他的副手——马丁·范布伦。当时的一家报纸在报道范布伦当选时这么写道:“……(范布伦)通过‘欢呼者'以及那些知道是为杰克逊欢呼就足矣的人(成功当选总统)。”