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“混合填充”:杂交化的商店住宅

2019-04-19

世界建筑 2019年3期
关键词:作坊城市居民曼谷

曼谷的商店比比皆是,因为这个类型是20世纪小规模房地产开发的首选方案。曼谷的家庭过去常常在这种典型的城市填充构筑物中工作和生活,可能就是白天经营一家面馆,夜晚便到楼上的区域起居生活。然而,当今的城市居民大多放弃了商店住宅的生活方式,而是采取更"现代"的生活方式,像是在市中心的办公室工作,并到工作地点附近的高层公寓单元居住,或是到周围的郊区独立式住宅居住。

通过近距离观察,我们可以看到当下城市居民是如何重新调整和规划商店住宅这种原型的。非传统的店铺项目,如微型工厂或工坊,比如摩托车维修商店、家具制造、机械维修店和其他手工作坊等,已经在此找到了合适的集中区域,低廉的租金和灵活的结构,对于他们的业务开展非常理想。而上层空间则被分配给外地员工或生产阶层,他们多半为曼谷中产阶级和上层阶级提供服务。

Shop houses abound in Bangkok as these typologies were the go-to solutions for small-scale urban real estate development in the 20th century. Families used to work and live in this classic urban in fi ll structure,perhaps running a noodle shop in the day and retiring to their living quarters upstairs at night. In current times however, city dwellers have mostly abandoned the shop house lifestyle for the more "modern" lifestyle of working of in downtown offices and retiring to their high rise condo units nearby our further out to the surrounding suburban detached homes.

Upon closer examination, we see how the new city dweller has repurposed and reprogrammed the prototypical shop house. Nontraditional shop house programmes like small-scale factory or workshop based programmes like motorcycle repair shop,furniture craftsmen, mechanical repair shops, and other manual skills based businesses have found the convenient centralised location, low rent, and flexible structure ideal for their businesses. The upper levels have been allotted to house the migrant employees and labor force that service Bangkok's middle and upper class.

21 商店住宅/家具作坊混合,纵剖面展示商店住宅的“头”和作坊的“延长尾”/Shophouse/Furniture Workshop Hybrid, long section showing shophouse "head" and workshop "tail extension"(绘制/Drawing: Natrada Chatritdhichaikul (intern)/CHAT lab)

22 商店住宅/家具作坊混合,首层平面/Shophouse/Furniture Workshop Hybrid, ground floor plan(绘制/Drawing: Kunnapat Wongthavornman (intern), Thanapat Petchdee (intern)/CHAT lab)

23 商店住宅/家具作坊混合,木框架扩建内景/Shophouse/Furniture Workshop Hybrid, interior view of wood frame extension(摄影/Photo: CHAT lab)

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