“偏爱和优先选择”的表达
2019-03-29江苏杨进山
江苏 杨进山
常言道:“萝卜青菜,各有所爱”。在与人用英语交流的时候,你知道怎样准确地表达“偏爱和优先选择”吗?
◎经典表达
表达一:like/love
like/love表示“喜欢(某人、某物或做某事)”,在句尾常用a little、very much、a lot等来表示程度;表达“不喜欢”时,用“I don’tlike...”或“I dislike...”句型。 如果在句尾加上at all,则表示“一点也不喜欢……”。例如:
He likes/loves it very much.他非常喜欢它。
She doesn’t like/dislikes dessert at all.她一点也不喜欢甜食。
询问某人比较喜欢什么,用“Which do you like better,...or...?”句式来表达。例如:
Which do you like better,orangeor lemon?橙子和柠檬,你更喜欢哪一种?
表达二:enjoy
enjoy是及物动词,意为“喜爱;欣赏”。后接名词、代词或动名词。例如:
Do you enjoy the film?你喜欢这部电影吗?
I enjoy working with you very much.我很喜欢和你一起工作。
表达三:favorite
favorite作形容词时,意为“最喜爱的”,含最高级的意思,可与like...best互换,但不能与most连用。例如:
My favorite subject is math.我最喜欢的科目是数学。
What’s your favorite sport?你最喜 欢 什么运动?
表达四:would like
would like意为“想要”,与want意思相近,用来婉转地表达个人的偏爱。例如:
I would like(to drink)some m ilk.我想喝点儿牛奶。
表达五:would rather
would rather意为“宁愿;更喜欢”,表示优先选择,其否定形式为“would rather not do sth.”。 例如:
He would rather work in a small company.他宁愿在一家小公司工作。
Wang Li would rather not listen to rock music.王莉不愿意听摇滚音乐。
would rather...than...句式,意为“宁愿……也不愿……”,表示主观意愿。此时,要注意“平行结构”。例如:
She’drather playfootball thanplay chess.她宁愿去踢足球也不愿下棋。
表达六:prefer
prefer意为“宁可;情愿”,后接动名词、动词不定式或that从句,表示“喜欢做……”。如果表示“喜欢……而不喜欢……”, 用prefer...to...。例如:
I prefer him to do it in a different way.我更希望他用不同的方法去做。
I prefer this to that.我喜欢这个,而不喜欢那个。
◎真题回放
1.Some people enjoy _________out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.【2018·南京中考题】
A.to send B.send
C.sending D.sent
【答案与解析】C enjoy doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“喜欢做某事”。
2.—Which do you prefer, traditional Western music _________pop music?
—Pop music.【2017·天津中考题】
A.but B.as
C.or D.from
【答案与解析】C 问句意为“传统的西方音乐与流行音乐,你更喜欢哪一种?”,此处缺少连词or。
3.—Do you prefer _________basketball with me?
—No,I’d rather _________at home and watch TV.【2017·达州中考题】
A.play;stay B.to play;to stay
C.play;to stay D.to play;stay
【答案与解析】D prefer to do sth.意为“喜欢做某事”;would rather do sth.意为“宁愿做某事”。
4.Sw imm ing is his favorite sport.(改为同义句)
He _________swimming _________.
【2018·泰州中考模拟题】
【答案与解析】likes;best favorite可转化为 like...best,意为“最喜欢……”。
◎巩固小练
根据语境从方框中选择适当的句子,完成对话。
A∶Good afternoon.What can I do for you?
B∶Yes,please.(1)______But what kind of flowers shall I buy,roses or carnations?
A∶(2)_________
B∶She likes carnations best while today is Mother’s Day.
A∶Oh,I prefer red roses to carnations today.They show happiness,sweetness and love.They are for mothers.
B∶Do you dislike carnations?(3)_______
Can I have a look at those carnations?
A∶Sure.(4)_________
B∶Red.
A∶What about these?
B∶Great.How much are they?
A∶40 yuan.
B∶OK,(5)_________
A∶Thank you.Here’s the change and a card from our shop to your mom.
B∶Thank you very much!