Introduction

文/多米尼克·布代，法国巴黎

最近，一位法国政客说过：“当我们重新洗牌的时候，梦想和壮志才有可能实现。”

在90年代初期，斯洛文尼亚的重新洗牌过程非常迅速和彻底。这在建筑上造成了破坏性的后果：新一代建筑事务所的出现改变了建筑理念和表达方式。

斯洛文尼亚又再次回归欧洲建筑风格。

Rok Oman和Spela Videcnik（OFIS事务所）也属于此类新兴建筑师，他们明显地掌握了各自国家建筑界的话语权，同时在欧洲建筑界获得了自己的一席之地。确实，一系列有利条件为他们创设了良好的经济、政治和文化环境，促进了理念的更新。主要事件：1991年斯洛文尼亚独立。斯洛文尼亚在历史上第一次完全真正成为一个独立的主权国家。

人们对斯洛文尼亚的独立期待已久，却一直没有实现，而现在获得了真正的独立，由此激发的欢欣鼓舞可想而知。此外，在无过渡的条件下，经济体制从僵硬、僵化的社会主义经济转变成开放的自由市场经济。更有甚者，所有这些变化都以平和的方式完成，至少没有引起任何长期冲突，没有使斯洛文尼亚邻国在南斯拉夫解体后产生动荡。

另一个重要因素：政治动向。新领导层将斯洛文尼亚纳入欧盟（2004），宣布在所有领域适用欧洲标准：如社会、经济，还有文化。在建筑领域，这一动向促进了各种设计竞赛的举行，业主产生新的思维，以及新建筑表达形式的开放。可以说掀起了一股有利于新一代建筑师发展的浪潮：设计竞赛的参选无需推荐、年轻参赛者不受歧视、评估标准避免了先验提议……。

传统事务所虽然开始武装自己以适应市场经济所带来的迅速反应，但是他们对新的建筑方向不甚了解，地位很快便被面对机遇果敢机智的新建筑毕业生动摇。他们通过杂志、展览或外国建筑师讲座的“阅读材料”完成了卢布尔雅那建筑学院的传统教育。

80年代，“皮兰日建筑”每年会于11月份在皮兰举办会议，皮兰是位于亚得里亚海岸边的一个小度假村，邀请的嘉宾包括很多有名的欧洲建筑师，他们为这一领域的开放做出了贡献。

随着独立运动带来的自由，很多有上进心的年轻人为完成自己的学业，毫不犹豫地直接选择了倡导新理念的发源地，踏上了院校求学之路，如阿姆斯特丹的贝尔拉格学院、伦敦的建筑联盟学院、美国的哈佛大学或瑞士的门德里西奥建筑学院。

在90年代，斯洛文尼亚见证了一次炫酷的建筑改革。学生可以获得学位，参加各项设计竞赛，并同时到鹿特丹或伦敦攻读硕士学位。

Rok Oman和Spela Videcnik便生活在这样的环境中。他们的职业生涯与斯洛文尼亚在1991年独立后的社会动态完美融合。正是在这一年，他们开始在卢布尔雅那的建筑学院学习。从第二年开始，他们便形影不离，在所有高级研究和学习项目中密切配合。获得学位前，他们参加过比赛。1997年成为一项住房设计竞赛的获胜者，接下来的一年，又在一个当代重要赛事中获奖，获奖作品是：卢布尔雅那城市博物馆的改造和扩建。博物馆馆长力排评审团建筑师们的意见，支持他们的方案。

1998年，他们创建了OFIS事务所，之后前往伦敦的建筑联盟学院攻读硕士学位。两年来，他们来往于英国首都和卢布尔雅那之间，创作了很多设计方案，提高了在建筑联盟学院和斯洛文尼亚建筑界的地位。两年中，建筑联盟学院中盛行的都市潮又在大城市文化和艺术生活的刺激下（提出了目前的当代艺术）被强化。回到卢布尔雅那后，他们发现自己卷入斯洛文尼亚建筑界特有的动力机制中，这一机制一直到最近几年还在流行。OFIS与其他五家年轻的建筑事务所一起，被政府选中，参加了政府资助的一次巡回展。于是，新的“6ixPack一代”诞生；成为斯洛文尼亚建筑复兴的标志。

Rok Oman和Spela Videcnik认识到他们很幸运，作为毕业生可以参加大型公共设施项目的竞争。这是一个非常好的跳板、一次难得的机会，可以检测原始的空间解决方案，展现他们在应对斯洛文尼亚社会的革新需求方面实现的重大收获。这一元素让OFIS从所有同一时代的年轻工作室中脱颖而出：集体住房运营，主要是社会住房，在该事务所的工作中发挥着重要作用。不仅仅是项目的承接数量受人瞩目，OFIS在不同项目中达到高质量水平的方式也非常受人关注。

他们所采取的方式涉及到不同的类型，甚至让人感觉这一事务所的工作模式有点人格分裂。无论是博物馆改造或房屋扩建，这个年轻的团队总是对自己的工作方式充满信心，以轻松的心态攻克项目难题，尝试大胆的空间结构，乐于利用各种形式。在参与住房项目时，由富有经验的专业人士把关，进行比率计算、经济绩效衡量和成本控制。

OFIS表现出在情况处理中坚持的实用主义风格。简单地说，他们是根据项目本身及对项目中（我们可以称之为）各种力作用比率的分析来制定策略的。不仅包括建筑师和客户之间的传统关系，还包括项目和建筑师可享有自由度之间的关系，后一种关系决定着更基本的数据。虽然这种鉴别能力，有人也称“权衡”这种双重关系地位的能力，是非常难能可贵的，但是这在年轻建筑师中并没有得到广泛重视。OFIS却可利用这种能力，顺利完成公共和私人订单，采用一系列方法，例如，在社会住房中，他们探索各种方法，利用数据绑定，开发创意和表达空间。

情景智慧和才能，优雅的空间方案及复杂项目控制属于公共设施项目中的情况，OFIS在此类项目中可以毫不犹豫地展示出自己精湛的把控能力。对于他们的卢布尔雅那城市博物馆的改造项目，我非常羡慕他们融入复杂结构的能力，一条螺旋路线。通过一次连续运动，将所有展示空间连接起来，并表现出该地不同历史阶段的风貌。

在马里博尔足球场的扩建中，应用了大量的曲线，不仅为观众提供了完美的视野，还减少了结构的物理和视觉影响，在流线相和其环境间建立了空间关系。还有一个不得不提的项目，即对一处别墅的扩建，这座别墅属于19世纪建筑，位于环境优美的湖边。

为克服别墅地址产生的限制因素，扩建部分（其表面相当可观）被设计在别墅下方。在老房子周围，新的空间构成一个类似垫层的形式，通过连续的长玻璃墙连通外部景观。新建了一个宏伟的螺旋式中央楼梯，将别墅和新空间连接起来。在其中移动时，会看到远处景观和室内的景观。

在之前，我们发现了这些作品的一些共同特征：曲线、流动空间、连续空间连接处的相互作用。众多项目中的优选项目有：格拉茨市房屋项目，具有令人惊喜的细分设计（2000年欧洲赛，一等奖）、布拉格国家图书馆（2003年）、卢布尔雅那市政办公室（2009年）、幼儿园（2009年）。接下来的两项成果再次确认了这一方向：白俄罗斯鲍里索夫市的未来足球场（2010年施工）及其令人惊奇的点状外壳，和具有高度复杂性的卢布尔雅那市中心公寓和商店（Shopping Pillow Terraces，2011，未定项目）都具有成套的曲线式和弧线式重叠露台，营造出大型绿地空间放大的效果。他们在住宅领域的成就给人留下了深刻的印象。

虽然他们还没有毕业，他们也成为卢布尔雅那30个建筑单元竞赛的获胜者（1997～2000）。但是，他们是在完成伊佐拉市亚得里亚海沿岸60套年轻家庭经济住房（2003～2005）后，才开启了他们的系列项目之路。交替利用小型彩色块形成不同气候和空间效果，突出了立面的表现力，在竣工后，为该项目赢得了国际媒体广泛报道。经济绩效——可销售面积/总面积比优良、建筑成本降低，吸引了斯洛文尼亚开发商的关注。他们完成的几个项目：卢布尔雅那的650套公寓（2004～2006）、包括50套公寓的城市街区和山村购物中心（2005～2007），56套农村住宅（2005～2007）和卢布尔雅那70套新房建设（2005～2007）。此外，在这些项目中还包括新戈里察的70套公寓（2005～2007），以及刚刚交付的、位于巴黎的192间学生公寓（2008～2012）。所有这些业务都有一个共同点：在面积、成本和时间上都有基线限制。

住房领域的能力。建筑师的参与并不是一个公共机构促进建筑质量和建筑丰富性的明智举措，特别是他的别墅的原创性在于社会地位。在这里，客户是推动者。

在斯洛文尼亚任何其他地方，都不会将单纯的建筑问题及建筑物外部革新的接受度或需求度（与时俱进）作为优先考虑的问题，即使这可以作为营销点。首要要求是经济和速度。

建设成本低和建造速度快是OFIS必须采用的条件。斯洛文尼亚的社会住房立法（关于类型、表面）并没留下太多自由发挥的空间。大多数项目中，建造成本目标约为每平方米700元。即使在斯洛文尼亚，建造成本仍然相当低，但经济绩效却非常好。此外，项目的开发和建造时间非常短：很大的项目也仅有2到3年的时间，例如卢布尔雅那的650套住宅单元建设。加上设计和建筑时间，建筑师们得到的计算结果是每天至少完成一单元的建设。

在斯洛文尼亚，社会住房监管法规规定住宿面积必须在一定范围内。很多都是单向的，仅有角落部分的建筑是双向的。但是，其外观和规模、有利的平台——凉廊和阳台使每个公寓都与外部世界建立了关系——或者材料和施工的质量，让其建筑都脱去了社会住房的形象。确实，建筑师们会聪明地利用五彩立面的复杂规律，规避对此类住房项目进行模块性和重复性特点限制的法律。

他们发挥聪明才智不是为了对抗自身所面对的限制，例如，他们通常采用的方法是对地形重新定义，努力在金融预算中完成项目。这是OFIS采用的另一个策略。不将初始数据视为建筑的阻碍，而是从边缘空间中产生创造力，并以某种方法获知建筑的约束因素。该策略的支持理念是建筑不是一个起点，而是一个到达点。

某种程度上，他们所采取的低成本社会住房策略，与一些制造商采用的策略非常相似。这与汽车制造商雷诺及其低成本罗根车型采取的策略是统一的，因为它允许建筑师发起的策略在项目范围内。某个地方可回归到基本的住房建筑：满足最大数量的需求。这也是雷诺·罗根的目标。

几年前，管理层要求其工程师设计一款乘用车，需满足可靠性和宜居性，但成本比制造商最便宜的车型低50%，目标是生产一款真正的汽车，但是价格在客户的可支付范围内，因为一部分客户因为高价而退出其市场。负责该项目的工程师没有找到方案，改装现有模型、降低成本。开始的时候，他们设置了一个不可逾越的预算成本，然后对设计和生产方法进行了修改。

为满足他们设置的经济预算，用新的方式去思考是非常有挑战性的。雷诺·罗根再次为客户提供了一款之前无法接触到的汽车（每年销售量超过1百万辆）。OFIS在住房上采取了“Mutatis mutandis”（细节上作必要的修改）同样的策略吗？雷诺的工程师们将建议者设置的限制因素（所需预算、面积）放在一边，发明了新的建筑房屋。工程师们利用自己的武器，将不同来源的智能组件和设备组装起来。毫不犹豫地利用，比如，现有模型中组件和设备组成的“现存”系统（经济性、可靠性）。建筑师们利用自己的空间科学和合理化平面设计，最大化地释放了有用面积（在某些情况中，为开发商提供了更多可销售面积），通过外部扩展扩大了内部空间，利用重复性降低了成本。

从平面、剖面和立面都可立即看出该建造策略，在严格、重复性的结构和更自主、自由的建筑外壳间形成了明显的区分。但是，相同元素的重复规则仍然是项目经济化的基础。在此类建筑外壳3D设计中体现出了建筑师们的精湛技艺，不仅实现了住房的外部扩展（阳台、凉廊或露台）还让建筑物拥有了自己的特点。

空隙、固体、玻璃元素和压缩木板的随机分布避免了相同元素的重复。就像雷诺并不是穷人的车——在街上它与其它车没有区别，在卢布尔雅那，包含650套公寓的四个长形建筑物，也不是四个“栅栏”，阻挡着城市的边缘，而是形成了统一的、鲜明的住房特点。

为达到这一目标，所采取的方法应与当今建筑住房领域的主流文化相脱离。与汽车制造业再次进行平行对比，会非常有启发意义。罗根存在的原因只是因为其设计者希望从技术绩效文化中提取出成熟因素，成熟因素已渗透到汽车制造业中，并且进入螺旋式的高消费者市场，从而造成部分客户被移出市场。

有人可能会问，房产是否会受到所谓绩效文化建筑的影响吗？昨天被废弃的促销活动；集体住房再次成为建筑话题。我们不能抱怨，但是必须观察到，这种爱好通常被解释成一种复杂的住房原创性，不同的类型、复杂的土方工程服务加强了墙体创意的展开。一种高消费市场房屋。虽然这符合一些新型的期望，即较富裕客户对身份特征和独特性的追寻。但与此同时，最大数量住房问题再次成为话题。很少有建筑师可真正解决这个问题，至少这在经济这一目标的要求之下。相反，这一问题通常在年轻建筑师的项目中非常突出，更受关注，更不用说被着重强调的建筑野心了。有时，是在赞助商或政策制定者的支持下，去探寻现代意象。杂志中充满了这样的项目，可以展示出真正的建筑专业知识，但是无法满足OFIS的限制。作为建筑师，他们的成果恰恰展示了相反的一面：可能看起来自相矛盾，但是自愿遵守此类限制，而不是试图对其进行规避，他们努力让低价住房的原始建筑获得身份特点。

Lina Bo Bardi直截了当地说过建筑与“艺术”无关，而是源自“责任”和“科学实践”联盟中的目标。甚至，在我们的社会中越来越需要满足对最大数量的经济适用房需求，这自然也是建筑师们的一项“责任”。或许，最优秀的建筑师会将“科学实践”融入自己的工作中。Lina Bo Bardi还说到：“这是一条充满困难的路径，也是建筑师的目标路径”。这就是Rok Oman和Spela Videcnik采取的路径。

A French politician recently remarked that «it is when we redistribute the cards the dreams and ambitions become possible.»

But in Slovenia, in the early 90s this redistribution was rapid, totally radical. And its devastating consequences in terms of architecture: the appearance of a new generation of young offices renewed the ideas and architectural expression.

Again Slovenia was back in the European architecture.

Rok Oman and Spela Videcnik (Ofis agency) are among those newly qualified architects who unabashedly took power in their country and at the same time have established themselves on the European scene. It is true that they have received a series of exceptional circumstances that created an economic, political and cultural environment in the renewal of ideas. Major event: the accession of Slovenia’s independence in 1991. For the first time in its history, Slovenia became a country totally and truly independent.

We can easily imagine the euphoria generated by stimulating and conducting such a change long awaited and often disappointed. There is added, without transition, the change from a socialist economy, rigid, ossified in a liberal market economy, open. More: these changes have occurred in a calm manner, at least without the long conflicts that destabilized Slovenia neighboring countries after the breakup of Yugoslavia.

Other factor but not least: the political impulse. The new leadership has made the integration of Slovenia into the European Union (2004), they had proclaimed European standards retained in all areas: social, economic, and also cultural.In the field of architecture that impulse would result in the launch of numerous competitions, a new mindset of owners, an opening to new architectural expressions. We can say that a favorable wind blowing in favor of the new generation of architects: no need for references to enter contests, no prejudice against youth candidates, and an evaluation without a-priori proposals...

The old offices, equipped to adapt to the rapid response imposed by the market economy and unfamiliar with the new directions taken by the architecture, that were soon shaken up by fresh architect graduates who did not hesitate to seize their chance. Magazines, exhibitions or «readings» of foreign architects lectures,had enabled them to complete their education quite traditional in the Ljubljana School of Architecture.

In the 80s, «Piran Days of Architecture» organized meetings every year in November in Piran, a small resort on the banks of the Adriatic, where guests were many of the great European architects who contributed to this openness of the world.

With the freedom of this movement that offered independence, the most motivated did not hesitate to complete their training to go directly to the sources of new ideas and take the path of Institutions such as the Berlage Institute in Amsterdam, the AA School in London, Harvard in the United States or in Mendrisio Switzerland.

Also in the 90’s Slovenia had witnessed a stunning architectural excitement. A student could finish his degree, participate in competitions and almost at the same time follow a master in Rotterdam or London.

A situation that was the one in which Rok Oman and Spela Videcnik lived in. Their careers almost merged perfectly with the dynamics of the years that followed independence of Slovenia in 1991. It is precisely this year they began their studies at the Faculty of Architecture in Ljubljana. From their second year on they became inseparable leading all throughout high research and study projects.Before completing their degree they engaged in competitions. Winners in 1997 of a housing competition, they won the following year a major competition of the era:the transformation and expansion of the City Museum of Ljubljana. The museum director supported their proposal against the advice of architects on the jury.

Then, in 1998, they founded their agency Ofis, before moving to London to pursue a master in the AA school. For two years they juggled between the English capital and Ljubljana, multiplying schemes to show that they were present in the AA while on site in Slovenia. Two years during which, the cosmopolitan excitement prevailing the AA would be added stimulation of the cultural and artistic life of a big city,discovering the current contemporary art. Back in Ljubljana they found themselves caught up in the dynamics that characterizes the Slovenian architectural scene until recent years. Ofis was selected, with five other young architectural offices to be part of a traveling exhibition funded by public authorities. The new «6ixPack generation»was born; it became the symbol of the revival of Slovene architecture.

Rok Oman and Spela Videcnik recognize they have been lucky to have had access as only graduates to compete for large public facilities. This will be a wonderful springboard, a rather unique opportunity to test the original spatial solutions and demonstrate significant achievements they were able to respond to this aspiration for renewal which was before the Slovenian society.This element distinguished OFIS apart from other young practices that emerged at the same time: collective housing operations, primarily social, play an important role in the production of the agency. It is not the number of projects which had been undertaken that deserves attention, but rather how OFIS meet a sophisticated level of quality in various different types of programs.

Their approach seems so different from one type to another that one could almost sense a split personality of the agency. Is it the renovation of a museum or extension of a house, the young team is confident in its means of work, playing with the difficulties of the program, experimenting with daring spacial organizations,taking pleasure in manipulating shapes. In the case of their participation in housing,projects seem to be handled by professionals experienced in calculating the ratios,the measurement of economic performance, and the control costs.

It is indicative of the pragmatism with which OFIS approach each situation. To simplify, we can say that they adapt their strategy according to the project and their analysis of what we might call the ratio of forces in a project. Not only the classic relationship between the architect and the client, but also the relationship underlying the more fundamental data between the project and the degree of freedom allowed for the architect. This ability to appreciate, although one could say «weigh» the terms of this dual relationship is remarkable and rare to be emphasized among young architects. It allowed OFIS to find comfort in both public and private orders,where they were able to deploy a whole range of methods, for example in social housing where they are looking for all means to make some room for creativity and expression using data binding.

Situational intelligence, brilliance and elegant spatial solutions, and control of complex projects are circumstances in the public facilities projects that allow OFIS not to hesitate to show a very controlled virtuosity. In their renovation of the Museum of the City of Ljubljana we admire their ability to fit into a complex structure, a spiral route. In one continuous motion it connects all the exhibition spaces and reveals the various phases of the history of the place.

In the extension of a Maribor football stadium, ample curves not only provide perfect visibility for spectators, but reduce the physical and visual impact of the structure to establish a spatial relationship between the fluid phase and its environment. One can not help but mention the extension of a 19th century villa on the shore of a lake in a remarkable landscape.

To comply with all the restrictions that were submitted as the villa site, the extension,whose surface was considerable, was slipped under the villa. New spaces form a sort of cushion around the old house and open onto the landscape by a long continuous glass wall. A new spiral, namely a magnificent central staircase, provides the connection between the villa and the new space. In its movement it offers views of the distant landscape and the landscape inside the room.

In the passing period of time we note some features common to these achievements: the interplay of curves, flowing spaces, continuous spatial joints.Preferences found in many projects: the surprising subdivision houses in Graz(2000 Europan competition, first prize), the National Library in Prague (2003), and offices for the municipality of Ljubljana (2009), a kindergarten (2009). The next two achievements reaffirm this direction: the future football stadium Borisov in Belarus (2010 construction) and its surprising dot envelope and the complexity of apartments and shops in the center of Ljubljana (Shopping Pillow Terraces, 2011,pending project) that characterizes the set of curvesd and con-curved superimposed terraces, a effect that amplifies large green spaces. The list of achievements in the field of housing leaves a big impression.

Even though they were not yet graduates they were winners of a contest for a 30-unit operation in Ljubljana (1997-2000). But it is the realization of 60 economic houses (2003-2005) for young families in Izola on the Adriatic coast that triggered a series of projects. The expressiveness of facades, alternating small colored blocks that respond to specific climatic and spatial intentions, has earned this achievement significant international media coverage upon completion. Economic performance -excellent ratio salable area / total area, reduced construction cost - would attract the attention of a Slovenian developer. They realised several projects: 650 apartments in Ljubljana (2004-2006), a city block of 50 apartments and a shopping center in a mountain village (2005-2007), a group of 56 rural houses (2005-2007) and 70 new housing in Ljubljana (2005-2007). Also to be added to the list, an operation of 70 apartments in Nova Gorica (2005-2007), and 192 student apartments in Paris that they just delivered (2008-2012). All these operations have one thing in common:baseline restrictive, whether surface, cost and time.

Competence in the field of housing; the participation of architects is not a public institution sensible to promote neither architectural quality, nor a rich particular that the originality of his villa is a social status. Here the customer is a promoter.

Nowhere else in Slovenia the pure architectural concerns and the acceptance or want of a renewal in the external expression of the building (in tune with the times)are a priority, even if it can interest marketing. Its primary requirements are the economy and speed.

Building low-cost and fast, are the conditions which had to be adopted by OFIS.Slovenian legislation in social housing (type, surface) leaves little freedom. In most projects the construction cost objective covered around 700 per m2. Even in terms of Slovenia construction costs are still fairly low and it is a remarkable performance.Added to this was the time of project development and construction which was amazingly short: only 2 to 3 years for projects often of great magnitude such +as the construction of 650 housing units in Ljubljana. Adding design time and building,architects have calculated that it had to produce at least one unit per day.

Accommodations are limited areas, imposed by regulation of social housing in Slovenia. While many are mono-oriented, only those at the corners have a double orientation. But by their general appearance and scale, their level of benefits -loggia and balcony give each apartment a relationship with the outside world - or the quality of materials and execution, operations that are removed from the image of social housing. It is true that the architects have cleverly managed to use the complex rhythms of their colorful facades to pass-by laws that restrict modularity and repeatability manage each of these housing projects.

Their intelligence has been not to fight against the conditions imposed on them, for example, the approach to redefine the typology and strive to remain in the financial blueprint is often usual. This is another strategic project OFIS adopted. Not consider the initial data as obstacles to architecture but generate creativity from the margins and somehow bring out the architectural constraints. A strategy underpinned by the idea that architecture is not a starting point, but a point of arrival.

Somehow they have adopted a social housing strategy of low cost very similar to that used by some manufacturers. Reconciliation with the experience of car manufacturer Renault and its low-cost Logan, is interesting because it allows for situating the scope of the project strategy initiated by the architects. Somewhere there is a return to fundamental architecture of housing: meeting the needs for the greatest number. This was also the objective with the Renault Logan.

A few years ago when management set its engineers to design a passenger car that meets the requirements of reliability and livability, but the cost is 50% lower than the cheapest model produced by the manufacturer, the goal was to produce a real car, but at a price customers can reclaim was removed from the market because prices were higher. Engineers in charge of the project did not seek the solution in the modification of existing models to reduce the cost. They initially set a budget cost which was not to be exceeded and revised according to the design and production methods.

It was challenging to think in new ways in order to keep the economic blueprint they set. Renault Logan has again brought a car to the customer that there was no access to (he sells more than 1 million cars+ per year).Is «Mutatis mutandis» the same strategy adopted by OFIS for housing? Renault engineers left the constraints set by the proponent (budget, surfaces required) to invent a new architecture housing. Engineers have used their weapons assembly intelligent components and equipment of different origin. Not hesitating to use for example the system of «carry over» of employing components and equipment already in use on existing models(economics, reliability). Architects use their space science and rationalization plans to release the maximum useful surface (and in some cases provide the developer more marketable surfaces), expand the interior by external extensions, and lower costs through repetition.

Plans, sections and elevations immediately reveal the construction strategy with clear distinction between structure, rigid, repetitive and more autonomous envelope,drawing more free. But still the rule of repetition of identical elements is needed as a basis for project economics. The virtuosity of the architects found in the design of these envelopes in 3D at the same time provide housing extensions outside(balconies, loggias or terraces) and give a real identity to the building.

The random distribution of voids and solids, glass elements and compressed wood panels makes little noticeable repetition of identical elements. As Logan is not the car of the poor - in the street it does not differ from others - In Ljubljana four long buildings which are divided into 650 apartments are not four «bars» rejecting the periphery of the city but form a coherent strong residential identity.

To achieve this it took the method of breaking apart from a dominant culture today in the field of architecture housing. The parallel with the automotive industry is once again relevant and enlightening. Logan exists only because its designers have managed to extract from the culture of technical performance, sophistication, which permeates the automotive industry and leads into a spiral of up market with its consequence: the elimination from the market of some customers.

One may ask if the property does not suffer from what might be called a culture of performance architecture. Yesterday the abandoned promotion; collective housing is once again a topic of architecture. We can not complain but we must make the observation that this interest is most often translated into a sophisticated housing originality and variety of typologies, earthworks complex services strengthened deployment of creativity on the walls. A sort of upmarket housing. Although it responds to new expectations, the search for identity and singularity of a wealthier clientele. At the same time the issue of housing for the greatest number is once again a topical issue. Few architects have actually addressed this issue, at least by taking the right end: the economy. On the contrary, it is often striking in the projects of young architects, which it rather concerns, not to mention the architectural ambitions that are highlighted. Sometimes with the support of sponsors or policy makers in search of modern image. The magazines are full of these projects that demonstrate a real architectural expertise but would be impossible to keep within the limits imposed by OFIS. Their achievements as architects are demonstrating precisely opposite: it may seem paradoxical, but it is willing to lie within these limits,not seeking to circumvent them, they manage to give an identity to the original architecture of cost housing.

Lina Bo Bardi stated bluntly that the architecture has nothing to do with «art» it is a goal out of alliance between «duty» and «scientific practice». Reply to demand decent housing for the greatest number is even in our society developed, certainly a «duty» to the architect. And perhaps expected from the best of them they put their«scientific practice» in his service. «It is a hard path to follow it is the intended path of the architecture» added Lina Bo Bardi.

This is the path followed by Rok Oman and Spela Videcnik.