基于有理函数模型的GNSS?R岸基海面风速反演算法
2019-01-10刘原华魏伟牛新亮
刘原华 魏伟 牛新亮
关键词: 岸基; 理论模型; 相关时间; 幂函数模型; 海面风速反演; 有理函数模型; 数据拟合
中图分类号: TN911.1?34; TP7 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2019)01?0065?03
Abstract: Under the shore?based condition, the waves can′t fully grow. The theoretical model of wave spectrum is not enough to fully describe the relationship between relevant time and wind speed. The empirical model with power function form is generally used to invert the wind speed of the sea surface. In this paper, a new empirical model with rational function form is proposed to replace the traditional empirical model with power function form for sea surface wind speed inversion. The experimental data shows that the correlation coefficient between wind speed inversed by the new empirical model with rational function form and actual wind is 0.986 2, and the root mean square error is 0.45 m/s. In comparison with the traditional exponential model with power function form, the correlation coefficient is increased by 0.80%, and the root mean square error is decreased by 20.19%.
Keywords: shore base; theory model; correlation time; power function model; sea surface wind speed inversion; rational function model; data fitting
0 引 言
全球导航卫星定位系统反射信号(GNSS?R)是20世纪90年代逐渐发展起来的全球导航定位系统卫星系统(GNSS)的一个分支,利用GNSS?R技术反演海面风速是一种新的海风观测方法[1?4]。
岸基条件下,由于海浪不能充分生长,海浪谱的理论模型将不能准确地描述相关时间与海面风速的关系[5],故需要针对海域特点建立相应的经验模型,目前一般使用的是幂函数形式的经验模型反演海面风速。
本文提出有理函数形式的经验模型反演海面风速。首先介绍了传统幂函数形式的经验模型反演海面风速的方法,在此基础上提出有理函数形式的经验模型反演海面风速的方法,经过试验证明,有理函数形式的经验模型反演结果相比幂函数形式的经验模型反演结果其相关系数提高了0.80%,均方根误差降低了20.19%。
1 传统幂函数形式的经验模型
岸基条件下,海面风速一般可以通过干涉复数场(ICF)相关时间反演得到。
将[FRt]定义为GNSS反射信号最大相关值对应的复数相关时间序列,[FDt]定义为GNSS直射信号最大相关值对应的复数相关时间序列,干涉复数场函数为[6]:
通過有理函数形式的经验模型反演风速值与实测风速对比,得到有理函数形式的经验模型反演海面风速的均方根误差为0.450 6 m/s。
4 结 语
本文提出有理函数形式的经验模型取代幂函数形式的经验模型反演海面风速,并用试验数据对幂函数形式的经验模型和有理函数形式的经验模型进行对比分析。有理函数形式的经验模型反演结果与幂函数形式的经验模型反演结果相比,其相关系数由0.978 4提升为0.986 2,提高了0.80%;均方根误差由0.564 6 m/s降低为0.450 6 m/s,降低了20.19%,证明了本文模型的可行性,为岸基海面风速反演提供了一种新的经验模型。
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