Module 3?Foreign Food

词汇短语园地

1. owe v. 应给予

搭配：

owe sb sth 应给予某人某物

Perhaps we owe these people more respect.

也许我们应该给予这些人更多的尊重。

I owe you an apology； you must have found my attitude very annoying.

我应向你道歉，你一定觉得我的态度挺让人讨厌的。

（1） owe sb sth 欠某人某物

He owes me five dollars.

他欠我五美元。

（2） owe sth to sb/sth 应把……归功于……

She owes her success to good luck.

她把成功归功于幸运。

（3） owing to 因为；由于

They could not cross the river owing to the flood.

由于洪水，他们不能过河。

2. taste n. 味道

I dont like the taste of olives.

我不喜欢橄榄的味道。

（1） taste n. 味觉

My sense of taste isnt very good； I have a cold.

我的味觉不是很好，我感冒了。

（2） taste v. 品尝

Taste it and see if you think theres enough salt in it.

你嘗尝看这够不够盐。

（3） tasty adj. 可口的；美味的

The soup is very tasty.

汤非常鲜美。

3. manner n. 方式；方法

She smiled again in a friendly manner.

她又友好地笑了笑。

Im a professional and I have to conduct myself in a professional manner.

我是专业人士，必须以专业方式行事。

manners n. 礼貌；礼仪

Its bad manners to talk with your mouth full.

嘴里塞满了东西跟人说话是不礼貌的。

You should have good manners all the time.

任何时候你都应该有礼貌。

4. entertain v. 招待，款待；请客

I dont like to entertain guests anymore.

我不再喜欢招待客人。

He entertained his friends to dinner yesterday.

他昨天招待朋友吃晚饭。

（1） entertain v. 使欢乐；使有兴趣

A teacher should entertain as well as teaching.

教师不仅要教书，也要能激发学生的兴趣。

（2） entertaining adj. 令人愉快的； 有趣的

His books arent particularly well-written， but theyre always entertaining.

他的书没有精心编写，但非常有趣。

（3） entertainment n. 娱乐；消遣

The comedian performed for our entertainment.

喜剧演员演出以供我们消遣。

5. remark v. 谈到，说起

搭配：

（1） remark + that从句 说……

He remarked that we mustnt judge people by their appearances.

他说我们绝对不要以貌取人。

He remarked that it was getting late.

他说天色渐晚了。

（2） remark on/upon 对……发表意见

The guests remarked on her new dress.

客人们就她的新连衣裙发表意见。

（1） remark n. 议论；评论；话

What exactly did you mean by that last remark？

你最后那句话究竟是什么意思？

（2） remarkable adj. 不同寻常的；非凡卓越的

He was a remarkable man.

他是个了不起的人。

6. consequence n. 后果

This decision could have serious consequences for the future of the industry.

此项决定对该行业的未来可能会产生严重后果。

take/accept/face consequences of sth 承受/承担/面对某事的后果

answer for the consequences 对后果负责

as a consequence = in consequence 因此；所以

as a consequence of = in consequence of 由于；作为……的结果

consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的

consequently adv. 因此；所以

7. trend n. 趋势，趋向

Theres been a downward trend in sales in the last few years.

近年来销售呈现下降趋势。

trendy adj. 流行的；时尚的

The hosts of the show conducted another test in a trendy southern California restaurant.

这一节目的主持人在一时髦的南加州餐厅中进行了另一次测试。

8. altogether adv. 总的说来；总而言之

The weather was bad and the food was dreadful. Altogether the holiday was disappointing.

天气糟糕，食物难吃。总之，这次假期令人失望。

altogether adv. 完全地；全部地

I dont altogether agree with you.

我并非完全同意你。

I am not altogether happy about the decision.

我对这一决定不完全满意。

9. transform v. 转化，转变

A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.

房间重新粉刷一遍就完全变样了。

She used to be terribly shy， but a year abroad has completely transformed her.

她过去十分腼腆，但在国外待了一年后完全变了。

transformation n. （彻底的）变化，改变

In the last five years hes undergone a personal transformation.

在过去的5年里，他完全变了个人。

10. no wonder 难怪

No wonder （that）... = Its no wonder （that）... 难怪……

You eat so little. No wonder you are so slim.

你吃得这么少，难怪你这么瘦。

Its no wonder that they wont come.

难怪他们不会来。

Its a wonder （that）... 令人惊奇的是……

Its a wonder that she is still alive.

令人惊奇的是她还活着。

11. make out 看出，理解

Theres someone outside the window， but I cant make out who it is.

窗外有人，但我看不清是誰。

I couldnt make out what she meant.

我不懂她是什么意思。

（1） make out 填写（表格）；假装；声称

Im trying to make out a shopping list.

我正在写购货清单。

He made out to be ill.

他假装生病。

He made out that his car had been stolen.

他声称他的汽车被盗了。

（2） make out of... 用……做成

（3） make up 组成；编造

（4） make up for 弥补

（5） make a difference 有关系；有影响

（6） make it 做到，获得成功

12. set fire to 放火烧……

set fire to = set...on fire 放火烧……

The man who set fire to the supermarket has been caught.

那个放火烧超市的人已经被抓住了。

（1） set up 建立，创立

He wanted to set up his own company to invest in films.

他想成立自己的公司投资电影。

（2） set down 写下；放下

You had better set down your idea before you forget it.

你最好把你的想法写下来，以免忘记。

He set down his load and had a break.

他放下担子歇了一会儿。

（3） set sb to do sth 安排某人做某事

He set his son John to repair the broken bicycle as soon as John got home.

他儿子约翰一到家，他就让他修那辆破自行车。

（4） set an example to sb （= set sb an example） 为某人树立榜样

He has set us a good example.

他为我们树立了一个好榜样。

（5） set sb free 释放，放走

They set the prisoners free at last.

他们最终释放了那些罪犯。

How Did You Start the Flood？

A doctor vacationing on the Riviera met a lawyer friend and asked him what he was doing there. The lawyer replied， “Im here because my house burned down， and the insurance company paid for everything. What are you doing here？” “Thats quite a coincidence，” said the doctor. “Im here because my house was destroyed by a flood， and my insurance company also paid for everything.” The lawyer looked puzzled. “Gee，” he asked， “how did you start the flood？”

跟踪导练

阅读理解

A

Convenience Foods

Instead of buying only fresh foods， Americans nowadays buy many more convenience foods. These are foods which are ready partly or completely prepared. Many of them are frozen， such as frozen dinner， heat-and-serve French fries， and frozen pizzas. There are also many canned convenience foods， such as ready-made spaghetti， soups， stews （炖熟的菜） and vegetables. Convenience foods save time and trouble. They are popular with people who are busy or who dont like to cook or wash dishes.

Health Food and Co-ops

In the 1960s， a “back-to-the-earth” movement was started by young people in the United States. The movement was a reaction against the harmful effects of technology. From the movement came a new understanding of food and health. Many people now prefer natural and organic （有機的） foods to the prepared foods sold in health foods stores and in food co-ops， which are small stores where customers help manage the store. In co-ops， food is usually not packaged. Customers bring their own bags and jars and scoop （汲取） their food out of boxes or baskets.

The Diet Craze

These days Americans are more and more concerned with their weight. Perhaps as many as 70 million Americans are on weight-dollar business. American supermarkets sell a variety of diet food such as soft drinks， diet candy， and diet salad dressings. Dieters also spend money on diet pills， exercise machines， and jogging suits. Each year dozens of new diets are popularized. There is even one called the Ice Cream Diet， which advises the dieters to eat only ice cream for lunch and dinner！ For dieters who cannot lose weight on their own， there are many well-organized diet groups， which offer help and encouragement.

1. Generally speaking， convenience foods in America ___ .

A. are better than fresh ones

B. are popular with busy people

C. are made by farmers on farms

D. are shipped from foreign countries

2. Young people who started a “back-to-the-earth” movement

___ .

A. should be criticized

B. should be praised for their action

C. would suffer from some diseases

D. would get less money from their companies

3. What can be inferred from paragraph 3？

A. The diet craze in the US is unnecessary.

B. Fat Americans are too foolish to take too much food.

C. Businessmen are getting much money from the diet craze.

D. Rich American people should offer their money to the poor.

4. What could be the best title for this text？

A. Eating American Food B. A Look at American Food

C. Making American Food D. Cooking American Food

B

Why does eating feel so good？ The secret may lie in the head， not in the stomach， US researchers reported. Tests on rats show that the appetite hormone Ghrelin acts on pleasure receptors （感受体） in the brain. The findings may help researchers develop better diet drugs.

“In mice and rats， Ghrelin excites the same neurons（神经細胞）as delicious food， that is， neurons that provide the feeling of pleasure and the expectation of reward，” the researchers write in Journal of Clinical Investigation. “These neurons are located in a region of the brain known as the ventral tegmental area （VTA），” wrote the researchers， headed by Dr. Tamas Horvath of the Yale University School of Medicine in Connecticut.

Horvaths team found that Ghrelin， which is only discovered in the last decade， acts on a molecular structure on brain cells called the growth hormone secret receptor or GHSR for short.

When Ghrelin was put into this area of the rats brains， they ate as hungrily as they did after being kept hungry overnight， the researchers said. Ghrelin is produced in the gut（肠道）and causes the brain to promote eating.

Several hormones are known to be involved in eating and appetite， and studies have shown that influencing them can affect weight gain in rats and mice. Influencing human eating behavior has proven far more difficult， however.

Horvath said it might be possible to design a drug that interferes with GHSR and thus help people with eating disorders.

5. What may the findings bring about？

A. Better diet drugs.

B. Pleasure receptors.

C. Weight controlling pills.

D. Healthy diets for humans.

6. What is true about GHSR according to the passage？

A. It lies in the gut.

B. It causes eating disorders.

C. It is one kind of hormones.

D. It is a pleasure receptor in the brain.

7. The underlined words “interferes with” in the last paragraph probably mean “___”.

A. turns down B. results in

C. acts on D. goes with

8. Which can be the best title for this passage？

A. Hormones Explain Eating Habits

B. Eating Addiction Is All in the Head

C. Researchers Find Secrets of the Brain

D. Researchers Develop Better Diet Drugs

閱读七选五

We are all called upon to make a public speech at some point in life， but most of us dont make it a pleasant job. 1

So， you have to give a speech—and you are deeply terrified. You get nervous from the beginning of it， you stumble （结结巴巴） over words， and you bore your audience. Later you think， “Thank Goodness， its over. Im just not good at public speaking. I hope Ill never have to do that again.”

Cheer up！ 2 Here are some easy-to-do steps to take the pain out of speech making. First， ask yourself the purpose of your speech. Then spend plenty of your time gathering and organizing your material. Use as many examples as possible， and use pictures， charts， and graphs if they can help you make your points more clearly. 3 Dont talk over their heads， and dont talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.

Just remember： Be well prepared. Understand your subject， your audience， and the occasion. Be brief. 4 And be yourself. Let your true personality come through in order that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.

If you follow these simple but useful steps， you will see that you dont have to be afraid of public speeches. As a matter of fact， you may find the experience so enjoyable that you really want to have more of them！ Youre still not convinced yet？ 5 You will get impressed by yourself.

A. Never forget your audience.

B. It doesnt have to be that bad.

C. Give it a try and see what happens.

D. Say what you have to say and then stop.

E. Dont say what you arent familiar with.

F. Take several deep breaths before you speak.

G. This article gives some advice on how to give a good speech.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

完形填空

Elaine was a saleswoman， who drove all over the city five days a week. When all the freeway lanes （车道） were at a dead stop， she would drive quickly along the emergency lane. While driving she usually 1 on her cellphone， drinking a soda or eating a sandwich—her hands， legs and mouth were always 2 while she was driving.

Last night she got 3 in Friday evening rush hour. She was going to be 4 for her date. She was already 5 when things seemed to be getting worse and all the traffic stopped. Elaine drove 6 over to the emergency lane. Soon she saw the red flashing lights in the mirror. She had to 7 her car. A good-looking officer walked up.

“Officer， my boyfriend left me after I was pregnant. I have constant morning sickness. Im just trying to get to the nearest store to buy my 8 .” She looked at the officer with 9 eyes.

He looked at her pitifully， and then said 10 ， “Okay， maam. Take the first exit. I hope youll be feeling better.”

The officer walked back to his car and Elaine drove on. This was the second time that the 11 had worked for her. She had one more thing to do before she got home. She had to mail a package. When she got to the shopping mall at 7 pm， no parking was 12 ， except for the handicapped （殘疾人的） space. Elaine drove right into it. “It would only be a 13 ，” she told herself. All she had to do was 14 the post office， get the package 15 ， and pay the clerk.

Fortunately， there was no 16 in the store. Everything was done so 17 that she was whistling while she walked back out to her car. Then she stopped 18 . There was an envelope on the windshield （挡风玻璃）. She opened it slowly. She knew 19 it was， but not how much it was. She screamed when she saw the

20 . A dog started barking at that time.

1. A. depended B. carried C. talked D. held

2. A. full B. open C. serious D. busy

3. A. stuck B. hurt C. annoyed D. punished

4. A. late B. ready C. excited D. mad

5. A. satisfied B. angry C. nervous D. calm

6. A. unwillingly B. immediately C. guiltily D. gratefully

7. A. stop B. remove C. abandon D. speed

8. A. gas B. ticket C. medicine D. package

9. A. innocent B. aggressive C. addicted D. astonished

10. A. softly B. rudely C. strictly D. proudly

11. A. officer B. excuse C. driver D. mistake

12. A. adoptable B. accessible C. acceptable D. available

13. A. year B. month C. week D. minute

14. A. take out B. get out C. run into D. push into

15. A. weighed B. printed C. repaired D. paid

16. A. car B. line C. police D. service

17. A. quickly B. politely C. strangely D. quietly

18. A. talking B. driving C. thinking D. whistling

19. A. how B. why C. what D. that

20. A. letter B. order C. amount D. invitation

語法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Is there such a thing as being “over?protective”？

I can honestly say that my answer to that question （change） dramatically since I became a parent.

Before the birth of my daughter， I taught at private school， often viewing my students as over?protected， worrying would happen when they went on to middle schools.

Some did fine， and some did not. Some needed constant pats on the back， words of （encourage） and extra support， which I （happy） gave. Others were content their own， needing little or no interaction with their teacher. But for the most part， graduates would go on for higher schooling.

Id always supposed their parents were over?protective， for they were the ones that still walked their （five） graders into the classroom and met them at the school gate.

Admittedly， I laughed at those parents， （think） their children would never learn to be （independence） if they didnt let go just a little. Then I had my own daughter. The moment I looked at her little face， I （know） Id do everything in my power to protect her and make sure she always felt safe！

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

短文改错

Last year I buy a refrigerator in your store on Changan Road. We all like the shape of it. And recently I find anything is wrong with it. It begins to make noise when it turned on. At first it is low but gradually it become louder and louder. To make the matter bad， it even stops to working sometimes. We all feel disappointing. I am writing to ask for helps. Would you please send a person to repair it？ I will stay at home this weekend. Please call me before you come there. My telephone number is 6606 5531. Thank you very much.