杭州女孩“画”了一部音乐剧

王湛

伊丽莎白，也就是我们熟悉的茜茜公主，她的生平多次被搬上银幕，1992年被改编成音乐剧《伊丽莎白》，一度成为观众心中甜美梦幻的代表。当我们还在为其动容时，浙大女孩陈嘉凝则用自己獨特的方式向《伊丽莎白》致敬。

今年春天，由她创作的《音乐剧〈伊丽莎白〉纪念画集》德文版在德国发售。这本画集改编自著名德国音乐剧《伊丽莎白》，由浙江人民美术社出版。46幅作品，画完茜茜公主一生，全部出自陈嘉凝之手，整个过程历时两年半。

今年3月，德国莱比锡书展开幕当天，陈嘉凝还参加了与欧洲读者的见面会。现场，承办方中国外文局所属中国图书贸易有限公司法人代表黄玉龙表示：“这部文艺作品拉近了中、德、奥三国人民的距离，青年人毫无疑问应当肩负起文化交流的使命，陈嘉凝在这方面就起到了一个很好的示范作用。我们很欢迎更多他国的优秀文化走进中国，更期待看到优秀的中华文化走出去。”

每天8小时反复听歌剧

暗夜下，黑袍里，每个人默不作声，却暗暗指引，将刺杀者卢切尼引向茜茜公主。他一步步靠近公主，尖锐物穿透茜茜公主胸膛，开出红色玫瑰——25岁的杭州姑娘陈嘉凝最喜欢这幅作品。

如今的陈嘉凝是浙江大学设计学专业研究生三年级学生，距离她创作本科毕业设计作品《音乐剧〈伊丽莎白〉纪念画集》已经过去3年。

2015年1月3日，陈嘉凝带着父母来到上海文化广场，观看她期待已久的德国音乐剧《伊丽莎白》。这部以19世纪的欧洲为背景的音乐剧，讲述了奥匈帝国皇后伊丽莎白反抗命运、追寻自由的一生。音乐剧由德国著名音乐剧作家米歇尔·昆策和匈牙利著名音乐家西尔维斯特·里维创作，首演于1992年，如今已成为德语音乐剧的标杆。一出剧院，她告诉父母和导师，“我的毕业设计要做《伊丽莎白》，我一定要做《伊丽莎白》，我必须做《伊丽莎白》。”

那时的陈嘉凝是浙江大学视觉传达专业的大四学生，面对毕业设计的选题，她也纠结。大一在课堂上看过这部音乐剧，她“一直很喜欢，来回重复看”。但现场的观感让陈嘉凝震撼，“沉浸在剧场里，你能看见声音，空气像水一样在荡漾。”四年来，这部剧一直是她的心头爱，“我要用自己的方式向《伊丽莎白》致敬，表达我对它的喜欢。”

花了一个月时间设计草图、构思装帧。离6月份的毕业展览还剩4个月的时间，“打完草稿就按照草稿流水线操作，能画的先画，不能画的推到后面画。”每天沉浸在92年首演版、05年重演版和07年日本版三个不同版本的《伊丽莎白》音乐剧中，歌词带给陈嘉凝创作灵感，“一边画，一边听，从早到晚每天放八个小时，搞得我妈都会唱了。”

画一本书来重现音乐剧

陈嘉凝说，这册画集是本固体音乐剧。

《音乐剧〈伊丽莎白〉纪念画集》里，画像的灵感来自音乐剧《伊丽莎白》，文字来自音乐剧里的德语歌词。而封面上、目录里、画集里布着的小点，是陈嘉凝有意为之。学过钢琴的她，把音乐剧的调子用五线谱表现出来。抽离五线谱，剩下的就是一串串点。“我希望所有元素都是有意义的，每一串点都对应一个旋律。这段旋律就是这首歌的logo（标志），可以唱出来。这本书本身就在歌唱。”陈嘉凝说。

“我要在书里重现这部音乐剧，想尽可能按照原剧来画，我不是刻意参照某个版本的音乐剧。历史上的茜茜很喜欢海涅，为此我去找了海涅的诗选来看。”音乐剧里，茜茜公主和“死神”跳最后一支舞的画面，陈嘉凝在海涅的《唐·拉米罗》找到了原型，“当时觉得是个小惊喜。”

对应于剧中茜茜公主的儿子饮弹自尽一幕，陈嘉凝在画上打了个孔，孔的边缘呈黑色灰渍，孔的下一页恰巧对应红色画面。她想表现弹孔，让读者在书里看到动态的画面。

陈嘉凝告诉笔者：“书的形式，比如布满的小点，翻页的过程，比如‘弹孔的表达，给人不同体验。我想打破传统书籍的形式，打破传统的阅读体验。我希望把书籍、音乐剧和舞台联系起来，让书籍获得新的意义。”

终于拿下原作者版权授权

创作画集时，她就想着出版，向《伊丽莎白》致敬。但画集里运用了《伊丽莎白》的歌词，陈嘉凝必须取得剧本作者米歇尔·昆策的授权。

“父亲年轻时从事德国的外事工作，在德国有一个合作了20多年的好朋友。那位朋友帮我跟昆策联系，昆策给了我他的邮箱和地址。”陈嘉凝把画集寄给昆策，询问是否可以出版。

“等了快两个月，觉得没任何希望了。我妈一直问我书什么时候出，我压力很大，跟她说你不要问这个事情了，没有授权是不可能出的。”那段时间，陈嘉凝也焦虑。朋友建议她换个名字，以其他剧的名义出。“我觉得这是向《伊丽莎白》致敬，这是我最喜欢的音乐剧，我希望我的画集能保持和《伊丽莎白》的联系，我就憋着不出。”倔强地等了两个月，终于等到了昆策同意出版的邮件。出版时，她总共创作了46幅作品。

“我们想真正理解伊丽莎白是不可能的。”陈嘉凝觉得，她和昆策的某些想法是相通的。“昆策不喜欢人家说他的剧本展现最真实的伊丽莎白的一生。每个人认识到的茜茜公主都不一样，她不可能被真实认识到。”茜茜公主在陈嘉凝心中是甜美的童话，她也看到“茜茜公主不是一个称职的皇后，不是一个称职的母亲，但她追求自己的生活没有错。”“她只是个普通人，有欲望，遇到问题也会逃避，会想办法解决，没有对错，她只是个被放错了位置的公主，她不适合做皇后。”陈嘉凝说。

“画集形式上新颖有趣，用绘本的方式来诠释一部音乐剧，这在出版物中还比较少见。它对中德之间的文化交流会起到有价值的促进作用。”浙江人民美术出版社《音乐剧〈伊丽莎白〉纪念画集》责任编辑褚潮歌说。

2017月10月，陳嘉凝带着自己的画集回到《伊丽莎白》的原作地，去德国参加法兰克福书展。那一次，她没有约到昆策见面。她回想起之前在上海见到的昆策，“他七十多岁，长得好高，一身黑，夹带着冷冽之气。我觉得他带着黑猫就可以去演《教父》了。”

Hangzhou Girl Turns Musical into Paintings

By Wang Zhan

Chen Jianing， a third-year graduate student with Zhejiang University in Hangzhou， spent two and half a year publishing 46 paintings portraying Empress Elisabeth of Austria， better known as Sisi to Chinese filmgoers and theatergoers.

She got to know about the legendary empress when she watched a video film of the musical in her first year at Zhejiang University. She became so fascinated with the beauty that， a few years later， she brought her parents all the way from Hangzhou to Shanghai to watch a performance of ， a Viennese， German-language musical， with book/lyrics by Michael Kunze and music by Sylvester Levay. It has been translated into seven languages and seen by over ten million spectators worldwide， making it the most successful German-language musical of all time.

It was January 3， 2015. When she stepped out of the theater in Shanghai， she had already made up her mind that her graduation work would be a series of paintings of Empress Elisabeth of Austria as portrayed in the musical.

She spent about a month making sketches and planning the whole album. She was supposed to hand in her graduation work in June， 2015. After all the sketches were done， she began to paint. While painting， she listened to three versions of the musical， the debut production in 1992， a production in 2005， and a Japanese production in 2007. She listened to the musical eight hours a day. Even her mother learned to sing the arias of the musical.

While planning the paintings， she thought of publishing them as a book. As she used lyrics from the musical， she needed to get the authorization of Michael Kunze. Her father offered to help. He had worked in Germany before and knew a friend in Germany whom he had worked with for over 20 years. The friend in Germany got Michael Kunzes email and snail mail address for the young artist. She got all the paintings ready and sent Kunze a copy of her paintings. A publisher in Zhejiang was ready to go with the project， but there was no word from Michael Kunze. Some friends advised her to change the title of the book and make sure it had nothing to do with the musical. She didnt want to change the name as she thought the book would be her way to pay respects to ， her favorite musical. She wanted to keep the connection or she wouldnt care to publish it. She waited for two months before the authorization came from Michael Kunze in an email.

“It wouldnt be possible to understand Empress Elisabeth of Austria completely，” commented Chen Jianing， “Michael Kunze dislikes the idea that his libretto best portrays the life and death of Empress Elisabeth of Austria. Everyone has an Elisabeth in his or her mind. There is no knowing the empress completely.” In Chens understanding， the legendary woman is just a fairytale. She doesnt think Elisabeth was a competent empress or creditable mother， but there is no denying that she had every right to pursue her life in her own way.

“This book explains a musical with illustrations， which is a rare publication. It promotes cultural exchanges between China and Germany，” commented Zu Chaoge， editor of Chens book of illustrations.

In October 2017， Chen Jianing brought the book to Frankfurt Book Fair in Germany， where the musical originated. She wasnt able to meet Michael Kunze. She had seen the lyrics writer in Shanghai. “He was in his 70s. He was tall and dressed in black. He gave me an impression of coolness. I thought he didnt need much change to act as Godfather with a black cat，”

In March， 2018， Chen Jianing attended a meeting-the-reader event at Leipzig Book Fair in Germany. “The book brings peoples of China， Germany and Austria closer. Young people should carry on the mission of cultural exchanges. Chen Jianing demonstrates how she is doing it. We look forward to more cultural products coming to China from overseas and we look forward to more Chinese cultural products going global，” remarked Huang Yulong， legal representative of China Book Trading GmbH CBT affiliated with China International Publishing Group.