词汇短语园地（2）

1. terrify v. 使惊恐，使受惊吓

The thunderstorm terrified the child.

雷雨把那个小孩吓坏了。

His terrifying stories terrified these girls.

他講的恐怖故事吓坏了这些女孩子。

terrified adj. 非常害怕的，恐惧的

be terrified of sth/doing sth 惧怕某事/做某事

He is terrified of speaking English in class.

他害怕在课堂上讲英语。

2. refuse v. 拒绝，回绝

We asked him to come， but he refused.

我们叫他来，可是他拒绝了。

refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事

He refused to come to the meeting.

他拒绝来参加会议。

3. fear n. 害怕，恐惧

（1） 当fear作名词意为“恐惧”时，多为不可数名词。

His voice shook with fear.

他害怕得声音发抖。

（2） 当fear作名词意为“忧虑；担心的事”时，为可数名词。

There is no reason for your fears.

你没有理由担心。

1） for fear of （由于怕）以防……

Shut the window for fear of catching a cold.

关闭窗户以免感冒。

2） in fear of 担心/害怕……

The thief passed the day in fear of being discovered.

这个小偷整天提心吊胆害怕被发现。

4. cure v. 治愈，治好（病人或动物）；治好（疾病）

Penicillin cured him of pneumonia.

青霉素治愈了他的肺炎。

比较：cure和heal的区别

（1） cure一般用于疾病方面的治愈；除了人或动物的疾病外，cure也可用于其他能够“出毛病”的事或物。

TB is a serious illness， but it can be cured.

肺结核虽然是一种严重的疾病，但是可以治愈。

I finally managed to cure the rattling noise in my car.

我最终设法解决了我的汽车发出的咯咯响声。

（2） heal也表示“治愈，复原”之意，但多半用在外伤伤口的治愈；heal也用在精神上的“医治”。

The cut will soon heal up/heal over.

伤口很快就会愈合。

Time heals all sorrows.

时间可以治愈一切忧伤。

5. resist v. 抵抗，反抗；抗拒；忍耐，忍住

（1） resist表示“抵抗，反抗；抗拒”时，既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。

The nation was unable to resist the invasion.

该国无力抵抗侵略。

If the enemy continues to resist， wipe them out.

如果敌人继续抵抗，就把他们消灭掉。

（2） resist表示“抵挡；保持原状；不受……伤害；抗酸，耐热”等时为及物动词，后面通常接名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。

The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.

银行强烈反对降低利率。

This special coating is designed to resist rust.

这一特别的涂层旨在抗锈。

（3） resist表示“忍耐，忍受”时作及物动词，常用于否定句，可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，也可作不及物动词。

I couldnt resist the temptation to tease Ollie.

我忍不住要逗奥利玩。

I couldnt resist telling him the secret.

我克制不住只得把秘密告诉了他。

6. accompany v. 陪伴，陪同；附有；伴奏

Who will accompany you to the airport？

谁将陪你去机场？

The well-known singer was accompanied at the electronic organ by his primary school teacher.

那位著名歌唱家的小学老师用电子风琴为他伴奏。

7. absorb v. 吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）；汲

取，理解（知识等）；使全神贯注，吸引（注意

等）；合并（公司等），吞并；承受，经受

Cotton gloves absorb sweat.

棉手套吸汗。

So many good ideas！ Its too much for me to absorb all at once.

这么多好主意！太多了，我很难一下子完全吸收。

The old man was utterly absorbed in the book.

老人全神貫注地读这本书。

Small businesses are absorbed by big ones.

小公司被大公司吞并了。

She wont be able to absorb another heavy blow.

她无力承受再一次的沉重打击。

8. arise v.（问题、困难等）发生，出现；升起，上升

Between the copartners did serious disagreements arise.

合伙人之间产生了严重分歧。

Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.

在他们进行实验的过程中，出现了意想不到的困难。

A heavy mist arose from the lake.

湖面起了浓雾。

9. burn out （火）燃尽，烧完自灭；烧掉（家、

店、财产等）；烧坏（电灯泡、电器）；（怒气

等）消失；（因工作过度等）垮下，筋疲力尽

The fire had burnt （itself） out before the fire engines arrived.

消防车到达之前火就熄灭了。

The fire burned out his shop and left him deep in debt.

火烧掉了他的商店，使他负债累累。

The electric light bulb burned out.

电灯泡烧坏了。

Their anger seems to have burned out.

他们的愤怒似乎已经平息了。

Youll burn yourself out if you go on working at this rate.

如果你继续这样工作下去，你的身体会垮掉的。

10. by mistake 错误地

Ive poured coffee into your cup by mistake.

我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。

Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake.

汤姆一定是弄错了才拿了你的字典。

11. treat ... as 把……当成……对待

Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.

不要把这件严肃的事情当作笑料。

He was treated as a hero on his release from prison.

他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待。

12. （be） identical to 和……一样，与……一致

Your appearance is identical to hers.

你的相貌和她的一模一样。

This picture is identical to the one my mother has.

这张照片和我母亲的那张一模一样。

13. knock out 摧毁；击昏；从比赛中排除；磕干

净；使震惊，使惊得发呆；使（某人）疲劳，

使（某人）累垮；尽最大努力，竭尽全力

The telephone communications were knocked out by the storm.

电话线被风暴摧毁了。

He received a blow on the head which knocked him out.

他头上被打了一拳就昏倒了。

He has now knocked out most of the other competitors.

他现在已经压倒了大多数其他竞赛对手。

After knocking out his pipe， the old man went on with his story.

老人把烟斗里的烟灰磕干净后又继续讲故事。

The beautiful scenery really knocks me out.

这美丽的景色简直把我给迷住了。

He knocked himself out with excessive work.

他工作过度，把身体累垮了。

He knocked himself out cramming for the exams.

他正竭尽全力赶功课准备应试。

14. get out of control 摆脱控制；无法管理

The noise frightened the horse and it got out of control.

马被响声惊着了而无法控制。

The carriage got out of control and ran over a pedestrian.

那辆马车失去了控制，碾过一个行人。

1） be in control （of sth） 掌管；管理；控制

2） be under control 被控制住；处于控制之下

3） bring/get/keep sth under control 控制；抑制

4） lose control （of ） 失去控制

5） take control of 掌控

15. break down 分解

Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.

水可以分解为氢和氧。

The population breaks down into three main groups.

人口可分成三个主要的族群。

16. as far as we know 据我们所知

As far as we know， the earth is the only planet with life on it.

就我们所知，地球是唯一的有生命存在的行星。

As far as we know， no one has ever gotten sick by eating infected mutton.

正如我们所了解的那样，没有一个人因吃染病的羊肉而得病。