重点词句全解析

山东 董明义

◇词句解析

1.Well，let's play basketball.噢，咱们打篮球吧。表示球类的名词作play的宾语时，其前一般不用冠词。例如：

We often play football in our free time.我们业余时间经常踢足球。

2.That sounds good.那听起来很好。

“That sounds good.”一般用来表示同意对方的提议。句中的that用来指代上文中提出的建议，sound的意为“听起来”，为连系动词，后面一般跟形容词作表语，构成系表结构。例如：

—Let's play ping-pong.咱们打乒乓球吧。

—That sounds good.那听起来很好。

3.What do you like for breakfast?早饭你喜欢吃什么？

what作动词like的宾语，breakfast前面要用介词for，意为“对于；就……而言”。表示“某餐喜欢吃什么”时，一般用句型“like/have/eat...for breakfast/lunch/dinner”，并且表示“某餐”的名词前不用冠词。 例如：

He likes hamburgers for dinner.晚饭他喜欢吃汉堡包。

I often have an egg and a glass of milk for breakfast every day.我每天早饭经常吃一个鸡蛋、喝一杯牛奶。

4.I don't want to be fat.我不想变胖。

动词want意为“想要；需要”，后面可接名词、代词、动词不定式（to do）作宾语。例如：

She wants a new dictionary.她想要一本新词典。

I have a ping-pong bat.Do you want it?我有一个乒乓球拍，你想要吗？

I don't want to eat strawberries.我不想吃草莓。

want后面也接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即want sb.to do sth.（想要某人做某事）。例如：

I want you to help me.我想要你帮我。

5.However，they agree it may take hundreds of years.然而，他们认为这可能需要数百年的时间。

hundred与基数词连用时，则不用复数形式，后面也可不用of短语。hundreds of意为“数百；许多；大量”，此时前面不可用基数词。例如：

There are more than five hundred people on the playground.操场上有五百多号人。

Hundreds of people were killed in the earthquake.那次地震中有数百人死亡。

6.Turn on the blender.打开搅拌机。

turn on意为“打开”，通常指打开电器等。turn on是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，当宾语是代词时，必须放在两个词的中间；当宾语是名词时，放在副词的前后均可。其反义词是turn off意为“（把……）关掉”。例如：

The radio is on the table.Please turn it on.收音机在桌子上，请把它打开。

Do you mind if I turn off the light?你介意我把灯关掉吗?

7.And cook another 10 minutes.再煮十分钟。

another用作形容词时，意为“又一的；再一的”，通常指三者以上，后面一般接单数名词。another还可用于“another+基数词+复数名词”结构中，相当于“基数词+more+复数名词”。例如：

Will you like another cup of tea?你要再来一杯茶吗？

Please give me another two cakes.（=Please give me two more cakes.）请再给我两块蛋糕。

8.We need one cup of yogurt.我们需要一杯酸奶。

不可数名词不可直接用数词来修饰，表示不可数名词的量时，要用“数词+计量名词（可数）+of+不可数名词”。例如：

I'm so hungry.Please give me three pieces of bread to eat.我太饿了，请给我三块面包吃。

I bought five bottles of milk yesterday.昨天我买了五瓶牛奶。

9.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.应该允许十六岁的孩子穿耳洞。

get their ears pierced是一个固定搭配，即“get+名词/代词+过去分词”结构，意为“使……被做；请人做……”，此时可用have代替get。get在此处是使役动词，其宾语需要带补足语，意为“使；让”，它所表示的动作是由别人完成的，不是句子的主语完成的。例如：

You should get/have your bike repaired.你应该找人修理你的自行车。

I'm going to get my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要去理发。

10.But sometimes these can get in the way of their schoolwork.但是有时候这些会妨碍他们的学习。

get in the way意为“挡……的路；妨碍”。例如：

Her social life got in the way of her studies.她的社交生活妨碍了她的学业。

You're getting in the way of my job，Tom.你妨碍了我的工作，汤姆。

11.I'll call them now to check if anybody has it.我现在就给他们打电话看看是否有人捡到它。

anybody意为“任何人”，多用在疑问句、否定句或条件从句中。anybody在句中用作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：

Did Mr.Green leave any message for anybody?格林先生给谁留下口信了？

I didn't find anybody there.我在那里没找到任何人。

If anybody knows her telephone number，please tell me.如果有人知道她的电话号码，请告诉我。

12.Some people think rock music can not only stop people from becoming ill but also keep them healthy.有些人认为摇滚乐不仅能阻止人们生病，而且能使人民保持健康。

stop...from doing sth.意为“阻止/防止……做某事”，其中动词stop可换为prevent，二者在用法上相同。例如：

The heavy rain stopped/prevented us from arriving there on time.大雨阻止了我们按时到达那里。

She tried to prevent/stop him from going，but he still went.她试图阻止他去，但他还是去了。

◇真题链接

1.The boys often play_________basketball after school.

【2017·重庆中考题】

A./ B.a C.an D.the

【答案与解析】A 表示球类运动的名词basketball作play的宾语，其前不用冠词。

2.—It's nearly lunch time.How about having some noodles and dumplings?

—_________.

【2017·荆州中考题】

A.You're welcome

B.That's right

C.That's nice of you

D.That sounds good

【答案与解析】D You're welcome意为“不用谢”，That's right意为“那是对的”，That's nice of you意为“你真好”，That sounds good意为“那听起来很好”。根据对话情景可判断选D项。

3.She has eggs and bread_________breakfast.

【2016·南平中考题】

A.of B.at C.for

【答案与解析】C 表示“某顿饭吃……”时，要用“have...for+某顿饭”的结构。

4.Our English teacher wants us_________English stories out of class.

【2017·成都中考题】

A.read B.reading C.to read

【答案与解析】C 表示“想要某人做某事”用“want sb.to do sth.”结构。

5.They plan to plant_________trees next year.

【2017·绥化中考题】

A.three hundred

B.three hundreds

C.three hundreds of

【答案与解析】A hundred可与基数词连用，但不用复数形式；hundred用复数形式时，后面可用介词of，但其前面不可用基数词，构成短语hundreds of，所以选A项。

6.—Are you thirsty?

—Yes，please give us_________.

【2017·南充中考题】

A.three bottle water

B.three bottle of water

C.three bottles of water

D.three bottles of waters

【答案与解析】C water为不可数名词，要表达“三瓶水”需用three bottles of water。

7.Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report.Please_________the TV.

【2018·福建中考题】

A.turn off B.turn on C.turn down

【答案与解析】B turn off意为“关上”，turn on意为“打开”，turn down意为“调低”。根据前一句的语境可判断，此处应该指的是“请打开电视机”，所以选B项。

8.—Have you finished your homework yet?

—No，I'll finish it in fifteen_________minutes.

【2016·天水中考题】

A.another B.other

C.more D.some

【答案与解析】C 因前面有基数词fifteen（十五），所以此处要用“基数词+more+复数名词”结构。

9.—Is Laura in the teachers'office?

—No，I didn't see_________there.【2016·仙桃中考题】

A.anybody B.somebody

C.nobody D.everybody

【答案与解析】A anybody意为“任何人”，多用在疑问句、否定句和条件从句中。因句子是否定句，故只可选anybody。

10.My bike is broken.I will have it_________tomorrow morning.

【2018·乌鲁木齐中考题】

A.fix up B.fixed up

C.repairing D.to repair

【答案与解析】B 句意：我的自行车坏了，明天上午我要找人修理。“修理”这一动作不是主语完成，是由别人完成的，所以用“get/have+名词/代词+过去分词”结构。

◇巩固练习

根据句意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。

1.Tony wants_________a job as a language teacher in China.

A.to find B.finding C.find D.to finding

2.—Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday?

—Oh，that_________good.

A.feels B.looks C.tastes D.sounds

3.—What do you usually have_________lunch?

—Rice，beef and vegetables.

A.to B.for C.on D.of

4.We often have sports after class，and I like to play_________basketball.

A.a B.an C.the D./

5.It's time for CCTV News.Let's_________the TV and watch it.

A.turn on B.turn off

C.try on D.put on

6.We planted_________trees on the hill last year.

A.hundreds of B.hundred of

C.five hundreds D.five hundred of

7.—If you prefer the red evening dress，you'll have to pay_________dollars，because it's made of silk.

—OK.Here you are.

A.30 another B.other 30

C.more 30 D.another 30

8.—What would you like to drink，girls?

—_________，please.

A.Two glass of water

B.Two glass water

C.Two cups of tea

D.Two cup tea

9.The room is empty.I ca't find_________n it.

A.somebody B.nobody

C.anybody D.none

10.The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand_________to the rich land in the south of China.

A.move B.to move

C.from moving D.moved

（答案见第64页）