One—room Schoolhouse单房学校

张祖平

Would you like to experience what going to school was like in the late 1800s？ To start with， imagine everyone in school sharing only one teacher and one classroom.

In the 19th and early 20th cen-turies， most American students attended a oneroom schoolhouse. A single teacher would typically have students in the first through eighth grades， and she taught them all.

The number of students varied1 from six to 40 or more. The youngest children sat in the front， while the oldest students sat in the back. The teacher usually taught reading， writing， arithmetic2， history， and geography. Students memorized and recited their lessons.

The classroom of a one-room schoolhouse probably looked much like your own. The teachers desk may have been on a raised platform at the front of the room， however， and there would have been a wood-burning stove3 since there was no other source of heat. The bathroom would have been outside in an outhouse.

In Honeoye Falls， New York， there is a one-room schoolhouse where kids today can experi-ence what it was like to be students in the late 19th century.

For a week during the summer， they wear 19th century clothes and learn the way children learned more than a hundred years ago.

你想體验一下19世纪末期的学校是什么样的吗？先想象一下学校里的所有学生都只有同一个老师和教室的场面吧。

在19世纪和20世纪早期，大部分美国学生去的是单房学校。仅有的一名教师通常要教一到八年级的所有的学生。

学生的数量从6人到40人不等，或者更多。年龄最小的孩子坐在前面，最大的坐在后面。教师通常教阅读、写作、算数、历史和地理。学生记、背他们的课程。

“单房学校”的教室可能和你们的教室很相似。教师的讲台位于教室前面一个高起的平台上。不过，教室里可能会有一个烧木材的炉子，因为没有别的取暖源。厕所则在外屋。

在纽约州的哈尼奥伊·福尔斯有个“单房学校”，孩子们可以在那儿体验19世纪末的学校是什么样的。

在夏季的一周中，孩子们身穿19世纪的衣服，用100多年前孩子们学习的方式学习。endprint