积极乐观的心态是健康长寿的秘诀

Women who have an optimistic2 view on life are more likely to live longer， a US study said.

美國一项研究称，对生活持积极、乐观态度的女性更长寿。

The researchers of the study looked at participants levels of optimism and other reasons that might play a role in how optimism may influent mortality3 risk， such as race， high blood pressure， diet， and sports.

该研究的研究人员研究了参与者们的乐观程度和可能影响女性患致命性疾病风险的其他原因，如种族、高血压、饮食和运动等。

It found the most optimistic women， or the top 25%， had a nearly 30 percent lower risk of dying from any of the diseases in the study compared with the least optimistic women， or the bottom 25%.

该研究发现，与相对悲观的女性（乐观排名靠后的25%的女性）相比，最乐观的女性（乐观排名前25%的女性）死于疾病的风险降低了近30%。

The most optimistic women had a 16 percent lower risk of dying from cancer； 38 percent lower risk of dying from heart disease； 39 percent lower risk of dying from stroke4； 38 percent lower risk of dying from respiratory5 disease； and 52 percent lower risk of dying from infection.

乐观女性与相对悲观的女性相比：死于癌症的风险降低了16%，死于心脏病的风险降低了38%，死于中风的风险降低了39%，死于呼吸道疾病的风险降低了38%，死于感染的风险降低了52%。

Previous studies have linked optimism with reduced risk of early death from cardiovascular6 problems. This was the first to find a link between optimism and reduced risk from other major causes.

以往的研究表明乐观情绪与降低死于心脑血管疾病的风险有关。这次研究首次将乐观与降低其它疾病死亡率联系起来。

Colead author and postdoctoral researcher Kaitlin Hagan said optimism can be increased because of relatively simple and lowcost interventions7， even things as simple as having people write down and think about the best possible results for different areas of their lives， such as work or friendships.

该研究的另一位负责人、博士后研究人员凯特琳·哈根称，人们可通过简单、低廉的方式来干预悲观情绪，以增加乐观情绪。例如，人们可以写下并回想事业或人际关系等人生中最得意的事情。

“Encouraging use of these interventions could be a new way to improve health in the future，” Hagan said.

哈根说：“鼓励使用这些干预措施，可能是未来增进健康的一种新方式。”