分心可能导致跑步者受伤

Runners who have visual and auditory2 distractions may be more likely to hurt legs， according to a research. Whether it is music， texting， daydreaming， taking in the sights， or reading a book on the treadmill3， a distraction is welcome. But， researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may cause hurt.

一个研究表明，跑步者在有视觉和听觉干扰时更容易腿部受伤。无论是听音乐、发消息、空想、欣赏风景，或者是在跑步机上看书时，这些干扰通常是可以接受的。但是，佛罗里达大学的研究者们最近发现这些干扰可能会导致受伤。

Daniel Herman， MD， PhD， assistant professor at University of Florida， and his team did a research on the influence of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners. It may include things such as heart rate， how much a runner breathes every minute， how much oxygen4 is used by the body， the speed in which runners use force to their bodies， and so on.

佛罗里达大學助教丹尼尔·赫尔曼医学博士与他的团队针对视听干扰对14名跑步者所带来影响做了研究。干扰的影响包括心率，跑步者每分钟的呼吸频率，身体消耗氧气的量，跑步者对身体施压后的速度等等。

The runners were all not hurt at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Hermans team had each participant5 run on a treadmill three times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction， and the runners paid attention to different letters in different colors on a screen. The runners had to note when a lettercolor combination6 appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction. The runners had to note when a word was spoken by a certain voice.

做实验时，所有跑步者都没有受伤，并且每星期跑31英里。赫尔曼博士的团队让每一个参与者在跑步机上跑了三次。第一次跑步没有任何干扰。第二次加了一些视觉干扰， 要求跑步者察看屏幕上放映的不同颜色的不同字母，并记下特定颜色的字母组合。第三次又加入了听觉干扰。与视觉干扰类似，跑步者需要记住每个声音说出的单词。

When compared to running without distractions， the participants had faster using of force to their left and right legs， with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced more force from the ground on both legs， with auditory distractions. Finally， the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.

与没有干扰的跑步过程相比，视听干扰会使参与者左右腿的力量用得更快。在视听干扰下，地面对于跑步者的双腿也会产生更大的作用力。最后，与没有任何干扰相比，视听干扰会让跑步者的呼吸加重、心跳加快。

“Running in environments with different distractions may unfriendly influent running performance and injury risk，” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes these things cannot be avoided. But you may be able to reduce cumulative7 effects as much as possible. For example， when running a new route in a noisy environment， such as during a destination marathon， you may want to avoid listening to something which may require more attention—like a new song playlist.”

“在不同干扰的环境下跑步可能会影响跑步的表现和增大受伤风险，”赫尔曼博士阐述道。“有些时候这些干扰是无法避免的，但是你或许可以尽可能降低干扰叠加的作用。例如，当在新的马拉松路线中经过一个嘈杂的环境，这时或许你应避免听需要占用更多注意力的声音，比如新的音乐播放曲目。”