甘默尔赫勒鲁普体育馆，赫勒鲁普，丹麦

2016-12-06建筑设计BIG建筑事务所

世界建筑 2016年11期

建筑设计：BIG建筑事务所

甘默尔赫勒鲁普体育馆，赫勒鲁普，丹麦

建筑设计：BIG建筑事务所

甘默尔赫勒鲁普高中坐落在哥本哈根的北部，最新的1100m2多功能双层场馆为现有学生开展社交和创造性活动提供了宽敞的空间，同时也提高了该校的承载力以迎合其日益增长的人气。

原先一栋与校园相邻的建筑使体育设施得不到充分利用。甘默尔赫勒鲁普高中缺少一处供学生举行体育活动、毕业典礼和社交聚会的大型多功能空间。因此，BIG事务所为学生设计了一座多功能场馆供体育教育和社交发展之用，取材于抛手球的物理现象画出其标志性的曲线设计。该馆位于学校的庭院地下5m（16.5英尺）深之处，从而得以被动控温，不影响周边环境。地面之上，场馆柔和的曲线屋顶可作为日常的聚会场所。屋顶边缘被设计成整段的社交长凳，以小型窗户贯穿为地下提供自然采光。屋顶的形状基于弹道弧线公式进行设计。

该校在场馆的建造期间规划了一栋新建筑，坐落在多功能场馆和邻近的足球场之间。这栋新的艺术大楼将运动区和体育馆现有的教育设施连成一体。新大楼的部分区域被置于足球场下方，使学生可以穿过学校庭院中央的下沉式体育馆前往教室、食堂，从街面的主入口穿出。另外，地下的新设施构成了新艺术大楼的屋顶，将足球场延伸至绿色草坪以用于进行日常活动和观看未来体育赛事的休闲坐席。

多功能场馆的施工材料和涂饰经反向整合，体育馆由混凝土墙上下夹木制表面构成，而教室则相反——由木墙上下夹混凝土表面构成。材料的连续和重复使用为学校创造出连贯的视觉形象。（王单单译）

1 体育馆屋顶外景/Exterior view, gymnasium roof

2 鸟瞰/Aerial view

3 分析图/Diagrams ©BIG

4 体育馆屋顶夜景/Night view, gymnasium roof

The 1100m2multi-purpose hall and the latest two-level addition to Gammel Hellerup High School just north of Copenhagen, provides existing students with generous spaces for social and creative unfolding, while increasing the capacity of the school in response to its growing popularity.

Originally a building adjacent to the campus, the gymnasium facilities became insufficient; Gammel Hellerup High School lacked a large multifunctional space for physical activities, graduation ceremonies and social gatherings. In response, BIG designed a multi-purpose hall for the physical education and social development of the students, drawing its signature curve from the physics of a handball being thrown. Placed 16.5 feet (5 meters) below ground in the school's courtyard, the hall is passively temperature controlled and does not impose on its context. Above ground, the hall’s softly curved roof is an informal meeting place. The edge of the roof is designed as a long social bench, perforated with small windows to provide natural daylighting below. The shape of the roof is based on the formula for a ballistic arc. Form follows formula!

During the construction of the hall, the school planned a new building, located between the school's multi-purpose hall and adjacent football fields. This new arts building seeks to connect the sports areas with the gymnasium's existing educational facilities in one continuous flow. By placing parts of the new building beneath the football fields, the students are able to walk through the sunken sports hall at the center of the school's courtyard, to the classrooms, cafeteria, and out to the main entrance at street level. Additionally, the new facilities situated underground form the roof of the new arts building, extending the football fields into a green carpet for informal activities and to serve as an informal place overlooking future sporting events.

Construction materials and finishes known from the multi-purpose hall are integrated in reverse –where the sports hall is a sandwich of wood above and below with walls of concrete, the classrooms are the opposite – wooden walls spanning between concrete surfaces above and below. The continuity and repetition of the materials creates a coherent visual identity for the school.

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: 甘默尔赫勒鲁普高中/Gammel Hellerup High School

合作/Collaborators: BIG IDEAS, EKJ, CG Jensen, Jens Lindhe, Midconsult I Herning, Bent Nygaard Sørensen, Grontmij

主管合伙人/Partners in Charge: Bjarke Ingels, Finn Nørkjær项目负责人/Project Leaders: 多功能场馆及体育馆/Multi-Use Hall & Gymnasium: Ole Schrøder, Ole Elkjær-Larsen, Frederik Lyng

团队/Team: 多功能场馆及体育馆/Multi-Use Hall & Gymnasium: Ana Merino, Anders Hjortnæs, Christian Alvarez, Dennis Rasmussen, Gül Ertekin, Henrick Poulsen, Hjalti Gestsson, Jan Magasanik, Jakob Lange, Jacob Thomsen, Jeppe Ecklon, Ji-young Yoon, Michael Schønemann, Narisara Schröder, Riccardo Mariano, Rune Hansen, Snorre Nash,Thomas Juul-Jensen, Vincent He, Xu Li

项目经理/Project Manager: 总体规划及教学楼/Master Plan & Education Building: Ole Elkjær-Larsen

项目负责人/Project Leader: 总体规划及教学楼/Master Plan & Education Building: Tobias Hjortdal

团队/Team: 总体规划及教学楼/Master Plan & Education Building: Agnete Jukneviciute, Ambra Chiesa, Brigitta Gulyás, Dennis Rasmussen, Enea Michelesio, Greta Krenciute, Høgni Laksáfoss, Isabella Eriksson, Jan Magasanik, Mikkel Marcker Stubgaard, Jeppe Ecklon, Kamilla Heskje, Michael Schønemann, Narisara Schröder,Thomas Juul-Jensen

项目负责人/Project Leader: 景观/Landscape: Ole Elkjær-Larsen团队/Team: 景观/Landscape: Brigitta Gulyás, Enea Michelesio, Jakob Lange, Mikkel Marcker Stubgaard, Narisara Schröder, Tobias Hjortdal

摄影/Photos: Rasmus Hjortshoj, Iwan Baan, Jens Lindhe

5 体育馆屋顶外景/Exterior view, gymnasium roof

6.7 剖面/Sections ©BIG

8.9 体育馆内景/Interior views, gymnasium

10 体育馆屋顶边缘长凳/A long bench at the edge of the gymnasium roof

11 体育馆街面主入口/Main entrance of the gymnasium at street level

陈屹峰：BIG建筑事务所在设计中把“多功能”这个意图贯彻得淋漓尽致。体育馆的主体做下沉处理，因而可以堂而皇之地坐落在学校的主庭院内，除了室内空间的物尽其用外，它在地下把学校的既有建筑连成一个整体。体育馆拱起的屋面露出地面，成为主庭院内的核心景观，同时又是师生的交往和非正式集会场所。体育馆西侧的艺术楼的设计也遵循了同样的思路，建筑朝着足球场单侧下沉，球场顺其自然斜向上延伸至艺术楼的屋顶，延伸部分用作活动场和看台。而艺术楼朝向主庭院的一侧不下沉，主庭院空间得以维持，但又能与足球场遥相呼应。在这个项目中，建筑师的视野并不囿于建筑自身，可谓非常积极。这种姿态使得两幢新建筑的介入，激活了整个校园。

Comments

CHEN Yifeng: BIG presents the concept of "multi-functionality" clearly and vividly in this design. The main body of the sunken gymnasium has a stately and powerful presence in the prime courtyard. Besides fully using its interior space, it links the existing buildings on campus, uniting them into one whole under the ground. Meanwhile, the arched roofline of the gymnasium comes to the surface, becoming the center of attention in the prime courtyard and also a place for interaction and social gathering of students and faculty. The design of the Arts building on the west of the gymnasium follows the same pattern: the building sinks into the ground on the side next to the football field; the football field extends upward all the way to the roof of the Arts building, and the extended part is used as activity and audience area. The side of the Arts building facing the prime courtyard is level with the ground to maintain the space of the courtyard, but at the same time, it echoes the football field in a distance. In this project, the view of the architect is not restricted to architecture itself, which can be seen as very positive. With such a gesture, the presence of the two buildings activates the whole campus.

青锋： BIG建筑事务所采用了与贝聿铭设计卢浮宫加建时相同的策略，将主要的体量压到了地面以下。甚至是体育馆屋顶的山丘都让人想起卢浮宫广场上的金字塔。这个设计再一次提醒我们修正古典的三段式理念，地面、楼面、顶面等元素并不一定要与场地的地理条件一一对应。近年来日益兴起的折板设计就起源于对传统层级观念的动摇，BIG建筑事务所的设计仍然是这种手段并未穷尽的潜能的再次展现。重要的是，没有任何实质性的障碍组织这一设计策略在更多的地方实施，尤其是学校这种需要大量可扩展空间的地方。在未来出现更多的“卢浮宫”式作品应该是顺理成章的。

QING Feng: BIG chose a similar approach as I. M. Pei in his Louvre project – to push the main volume down into the ground. Even the hillock in the courtyard reminds us of the glass pyramid. This design calls for a revision of the classical 3-part structure of architecture, with ground, floor and roof no longer corresponding to the geological characteristics of the site. The increasingly popular use of folded(-plate) structures just comes from such revision. The project once again demonstrates the endless potential inherent in folded design. Most importantly, this design can be applied to many projects with similar problems – to satisfy the constantly increasing demand for space. We will definitely not be surprised to see more Louvre-like structures emerging in public school projects in the future.

Gammel Hellerup Gymnasium, Hellerup, Denmark, 2015

Architects: BIG