2015年世博会儿童乐园，米兰，意大利

建筑设计：ZPZ事务所

2015年世博会儿童乐园，米兰，意大利

建筑设计：ZPZ事务所

1 儿童乐园/View of the Children Park

儿童乐园是一个线性公园，包括8座位于升高平台上的构筑物，采用木条编制的巨大线圈形状，为展览及儿童活动遮雨蔽日。作为自然与人工并存的改造景观的一部分，这些展亭建筑的设计采用了模拟自然的有机语言，而反对过于正式的建筑语汇。

该项目简单来说是一条拥有8个展亭的自然景观道，寓教于乐地让儿童从多方面接触2015年米兰世博会的核心主题：“滋养地球：生命之源”。参观8个展亭的总时间大约1小时，提供25人左右的儿童团体（一个典型班级大小）参加的简单互动游戏，每小时可接待1200名参观者，也包括儿童的成年监护人在内。

一条由松木板铺设、宽窄不一的步道，随着展亭所在的位置而变宽。悬浮的线圈形构筑物由3个支点举在空中，直径12m、高度7m。这些构筑物也容纳了技术及后勤保障设备，夜晚它们会被点亮，让这个儿童公园从很远就可看到。

项目的设计策略是创造一个统一的视觉感受，同时在路径上引导体验式、互动式和教育式的展览，并穿插以自然植物。解决方案是以景观建筑的方法来进行设计，结合了设计自然的方法、意大利传统园林的经典语汇，以及在农业中更为常见的序列式自然景观。项目的目标不是建造实体建筑，而是创造由园林语汇组成的可渗透界面，编制起形似植物或植物化石的构筑元素。这些构筑物的颜色在顶端逐渐弱化，也与种植在公园边缘的滨水植物相呼应。在公园内部，世博会运河边种植了单一植被构成的主题区域。教育参观路径上点缀着装饰性或结果的树和灌木，还有一个蝴蝶花园和一个芳香植物花园。

容纳公园设施（儿童卫生间，以及操控展览、安全监控、技术区和连接至广场的电梯的技术设备）的构筑物覆盖以3种不同宽度的松木条，木条染上不同的色彩，以随机双曲线形式铺设于构筑物表面，消解了结构的实体性，提升了材料和颜色的视觉效果。公园的出入口设置了室外就餐区域，环绕着橡木角树林中才能见到的典型植被，还有彩虹色露台的空地、一个反射性棱柱组成的迷宫、以及其他悬挂在树上的惊喜。

儿童公园的设计希望营造儿童作为探索者的形象：智慧的、有能力的，既能在视觉上接受当代文化的熏陶，又能按照个人的学习策略加以调整。设计美学也完全不同于常规儿童景观中幼稚的童话主题和色彩，而是由儿童自己创造或为他们定制的视觉元素来装点：包括参照儿童绘画制作的大型动物模型、关于行星的科普知识、互动性影像，还有探索复杂的可持续性生活主题的机会。（黄华青 译）

2 儿童乐园中的8个展区和迎宾区的布局/Layout of the Children Park with the 8 exhibits and the welcome area

3 儿童乐园夜景/Night view of Children Park

4 展区1—嗅觉环/Exhibit 1 – Ring around Noses

5 展区3—生命环/Exhibit 3 – Ring around Life

The Children's Park, a linear garden with eight attractions on raised platforms, has giant bobbinshaped elements in wooden lattice sheltering the exhibits and children's activities from rain and sun. Fragments of domesticated nature where the natural and artificial coexist, the exhibits were designed to privilege the organic language of nature as opposed to a more formal architectural vocabulary.

The project, essentially a nature walk with eight exhibits, offers children playful learning experiences as they interact with various aspects of Expo Milan 2015's core theme, "Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life". An hour long tour includes each of the eight exhibits, brief interactive games for groups of around 25 children (a typical school class size), allowing approximately 1,200 visitors an hour, including adult chaperons.

A path of larch wood slats in irregular widths widens out in correspondence with the exhibits. The suspended bobbin shaped structures, lifted off the ground by three supports, are twelve meters in diameter and 7.5 meters tall. The structures, also used for technical and support equipment, light up in the evening, making the Children's Park visible from a distance.

The design strategy was inspired by a need to create a unified visual perception while heralding the experiential, interactive and didactic exhibits along the path, occasionally interspersed with natural planting.The solution was to approach the project as landscape architecture, confronting the language of nature-bydesign, the lexicon of historic Italian gardens, but also the sequential nature more typically found in agriculture. The objective was not to build architectural structures but places with permeable surfaces using the language of gardens, woven elements that recall living plants or plant material fossils. The structures, their colors becoming less intense towards the top, also create a dialogue with the riparian forest planted along the Park's edge. Just inside, the Expo canal is planted with themed areas of mono-specific vegetation; decorative or fruit bearing trees and shrubs are linked to the didactic path which includes a butterfly garden and an aromatic plant garden.

The structure for park amenities (bathrooms for children, technical equipment to monitor the exhibits, security surveillance, technical areas, and the flights of stairs leading to the plaza) are clad in larch wood in three different widths, each stained a different beige and laid out in random double curves, dematerializing the structure and increasing the visual perception of materiality and color. The park's entrance and exit have picnic areas surrounded by vegetation typically found in oak-hornbeam forests, and glades equipped with rainbow colored gazebos, a labyrinth of reflective prisms, and other surprises hanging from trees.

The Children's Park proposes an image of children as explorers; intelligent, competent, capable of meeting contemporary cultural on a visual level, and gifted with their own personal learning strategies. The aesthetic is far from the usual childish fairytales and primary colors, brimming with a visual language created by and for children: large animals made from their original drawings, planetary messages, interactive video, and opportunities to explore the complex theme of sustainable living.

项目信息/Credits and Data

协作及教学法设计/Coordination and Pedagogical Project: Reggio Children

服务设计/Service Design: Stefano Maffei

策展人/Curator: Sabina Cantarelli

设计团队/ZPZ Partners Design Team: Michele Zini, Claudia Zoboli, Sara Callioni, Andrea Cattabriga, Sara Michelini, Riccardo Zuliani

建筑施工/Architecture construction documents: Metropolitana Milanese and ZPZ Partners

展览施工/Exhibits Construction Documents: FIera Milano and ZPZ Partners

平面设计/Graphic Design: Rolando Baldini

总面积/General Area: 7812m2

展区面积/Exhibition Area: 4.250m2

6 展区4—环中环/Exhibit 4 – Ring around Rings

7 展区5—树木环/Exhibit 5 – Ring around Trees

8 线圈形的构成元素—结构/Bobbin-shaped element – structure

9 线圈形的构成元素—平面和剖面/Bobbin-shaped element – plan and section

10.11 展区5—树木环/Exhibit 5 – Ring around Trees

12.13 展区6—能量环/Exhibit 6 – Ring around Energy

评论

郭屹民：一处由色彩及圆环的形态所点缀的儿童乐园。设计师似乎想将嬉戏的体验在这里设定为一种更为内向的、非日常的个体经验。8处规模类似而宛如细胞一般的圆环以不同的界面表情各自为政，形成了8处乐园中的小乐园。而此时或许能够明白那些色彩在某种程度上也是为了使这里的儿童乐园=嬉戏从环境中脱颖而出吧！

Comments

GUO Yimin: It is a children's playground embellished by colors and circular forms. The designer seems trying to set the playing experiences as a more introverted and non-daily individual experiences. The eight rings, which are in the shape of cells of similar sizes, form independent spaces with different interface expressions, and the eight small playgrounds are created inside the playground. Now we may understand that the application of the colors is to make the playing in the playground stand out from the surrounding environment.青山周平：在“大人的世界”里，五感中往往比较重视视觉设计。我们的成长过程，也许就是让儿童时代所拥有过的五感逐渐消失的过程。在儿童时期，对视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉、味觉的反复使用和锻炼，对我们的大脑发育是非常重要的。

这个项目完全解放了孩子的五感，一边游戏一边学习，一边学习一边玩耍，就像广场一样的空间。我想，在我们“大人的世界”里，如果有这种可以刺激五感的空间，那不是更好吗？我们确实有很多要向孩子们学习的地方。Shuhei Aoyama: In the "adult world," visual design is usually more emphasized among five senses. The process to grow up is likely to be a disappearing process of the five senses that we used to possess in childhood when repeated uses and exercises of sight, sound, touch, and taste are quite indispensable to the brain development.

This project totally releases children's five senses, so as to enable them to learn while playing, and to play while learning, by providing a space just like square. I suppose, in our "adult world", wouldn't it be better if we have such space stimulating the five senses? We indeed have a lot to learn from children.

Children Park Expo Milano 2015, Italy, 2015

Architects: ZPZ Partners

16 展区2—水之环—剖面/Exhibit 2 – Ring around Water - section

17.18 展区2—水之环/Exhibit 2 – Ring around Water