胜田台住宅，千叶，日本

2016-10-20张裕翔

世界建筑 2016年8期

胜田台住宅，千叶，日本

建筑设计：永山佑子建筑事务所

Architects: Yuko Nagayama & Associates

此项目位于日本千叶县的胜田台。建筑一层靠外的部分是一个法式糕点屋，靠内的部分是一个精品厨房，二层和三层是一户四口之家的住宅。该建筑在一层和三层之间有一个楔形的镂空部分，因而从街上看去，建筑的上半部分好像漂浮在糕点屋之上。当光线在一天内的不同时刻发生变化，楔形镂空部分的质感也随之改变：白天，这个空隙是糕点屋的自然光井，到了夜晚，灯光从空隙中照射出来，整幢房子看起来像是一个正在开启的宝盒。在糕点屋里，我们还可以透过屋顶的玻璃看到住宅的底部。一层商铺的墙面在临街部分的高度被控制在1.8m，并随着向街块内部延展而逐渐升高。我们希望通过这样的手法营造出一种周围常见的、矮墙围绕的开放空间的感觉。

项目中存在一种商店和漂浮的住宅空间互相观望的微妙关系，在一幢建筑内同时包容了两个独立存在的主体。商店空间通过其矮墙与周围建筑构成了连续街面。居住空间则与街道隔离开来，在临街立面上不设窗洞，因而避免了住户与周围房屋内住户的视线交流。我们在居住空间部分设置了一条风道，将街道上的空气和声音引入室内，让住户能感受到街道的气氛。在第一次拜访业主的房子时（一层店铺，二层住宅），我们发现，为了隔绝街道上行人的视线，屋子里的窗帘总是拉着的，而且孩子在楼上走动的声音时常影响楼下的糕点店。因此，我们在方案设计中考虑了针对这些问题的解决方式。

设计的核心概念是，在塑造一个吸引人的建筑外观的同时定义了店铺和住宅的新关系。我们希望强调出建筑与周围环境间的距离感——例如，高度公共化的糕点屋和相对私密的居住空间构成的张力，而这种距离感正定义了业主在不同空间中的生活状态。□（张裕翔译）

1 夜景/Night view

2 首层平面/Floor 0 plan1-店铺烘焙间/Store cookroom2-住宅入口/Housing approach3-店铺/Store4-店铺入口/Store approach5-道路/Front road

3 二层平面/Floor 1 plan1-卧室/Bedroom2-阳台/Terrace

4 三层平面/Floor 2 plan1-儿童房/Kid's room2-阳台/Terrace3-起居室，餐厅，厨房/Living， dining， kitchen

A dwelling with shop at Katsutadai，Chiba prefecture，Japan.The outer part of the 1st floor is a Patisserie and the inner part is a Cuisine，the 2nd and 3rd foors containis a dwelling for a family of four peoples.This house has an aerial wedge in between the 1st and 3rd floor，so that the upper part of dwelling looks like foating above a patisserie as a view on street.This aerial wedge with changing characters as the photic layer responds to different times of the day - During the daytime it will be a light-well for a patisserie，and the nighttime the lights leaking from this aperture like a treasure box is opened.And we can see a sole of dwelling volume in a patisserie based on its transparent glass roof.The wall of shop along the street is planed to 1.8 meters height and it is gradually being higher toward the inside，on the basis of our intention to create a familiar open space like an empty-lot where is just surrounded by low wall.

This house has an inter-observing relationship between a shop and a floating dwelling space that makes different independent existence in a single building simultaneously.Each space has a particular sense of distance to the surrounding environment.A shop space is a kind of continuous exterior with the streetscape where is only surrounded by low wall.And a dwelling space is more separated from the surroundings where is foating above the street and has non-openings along the street，so that the dwellers cannot see other houses directly and vice versa.Additionally，we put a kind of wind-path in a dwelling part that brings the wind and the sounds form the outside to the inside space，and then dwellers can feel an atmosphere of the street.When we went their previous house for the first time（the 1st foor contains a shop and the 2nd foor a dwelling），a curtain is closed due to the concern of visual interruptions from street，and they also troubled with the noise of their child's footstep form upstairs to patisserie.Therefore，we also attempted a solution of those problems in the schematic design.

The approach is planed to have an attractive appearance with long length to change the mood between a shop and a dwelling.We intended to change a sense of distance to the surroundings with the situations-such as high public patisserie space and more independent dwelling space，and those senses of distance change the fow of time between the spaces in their life.□

项目信息/Credits and Data

建筑设计/Architects: Yuko Nagayama，Yohei Kawashima（Yuko Nagayama & Associates）

位置/Location: 日本千叶县八千代市胜田台/ Katsutadai，Yachiyo，Chiba，Japan

功能/Program: 住宅兼店铺/Dwelling with Shop

基地面积/Site Area: 100m2

占地面积/Building Area: 79.9m2

总建筑面积/Total Floor Area: 178.5m2

结构/Structure: 钢/Steel

建成时间/Completion: 2013

摄影/Photos: 阿野太一/Daici Ano