远距离大规模高集中度风电并网的储能需求评估及协调控制

江全元 何湘宁 文劲宇 李欣然 龚裕仲

摘 要：随着我国风电并网规模的持续快速扩大，更加复杂和深层次的问题预期将不断出现。我国由于风资源分布的原因，风电开发采用了大规模高集中和远距离的战略。在我国大规模高集中开发的模式下，区域风电场分布集中度高，来风情况相近，风电场间出力相关性强。因此，区域风电出力呈现出更大的波动性和不确定性，对维持电力系统的供电充裕性有重大影响。同时，目前风机并网控制以强电网为假设条件，风机出力的动态特性与常规同步发电机有很大差别，传统的电力系统稳定控制和故障保护策略难以应对。在远距离大规模输送的情况下，电网相对变弱，风机及同步发电机的端电压易受同一扰动的影响，风机之间以及风机与同步发电机之间的动态耦合增强，使得电力系统稳定控制和故障保护问题变得更加严重和复杂，影响电力系统运行的安全稳定性。储能技术的快速发展为解决风电并网问题提供了新的机遇。储能技术具有控制灵活、响应快速的优点，但也具有容量有限、造价较高的缺点。通过对多类型储能技术工作机理与经济特性的研究，分析储能在改善含打过风电的电力系统供电充裕性和运行稳定性的需求评估以及协调控制技术，有利于实现我国风电发展预期目标，促进我国大规模风电并网工作的进一步发展。

关键词：远距离 大规模 高集中度 风电并网 储能 需求评估 协调控制

Project Establishment Report of Energy Storage Demand assessment and Coordinated Control in Long-distance Large-scale High-concentration wind Power Integration

Jiang Quanyuan1 He Xiangning1 Wen Jinyu2 Li Xinran3 Gong Yuzhong1

（1.College of Electrical Engineering，Zhejiang University；2.School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering， HUST；3.College of Electrical and Information Engineering， Hunan University）

Abstract：With the sustained and rapid expansion of wind power integration scale in China， more complex and deep-seated problems are expected to continue. Because of the distribution of the wind resource， wind power development with a focus on the strategic of large-scale， high centralize and long-range. In the high concentration of large-scale development mode， the regional wind farms are highly centralized， the wind conditions are similar， and the correlations between wind farms output power are strong. Therefore， the regional wind power output showing greater volatility and uncertainty， which has a significant impact on the adequacy of the power system to maintain power adequacy. Meanwhile， the current grid-controlled of wind generator assumes that the power grid is strong enough. The dynamic characteristics of the wind generators differ greatly with conventional synchronous generators， and the traditional stability control system and power failure protection strategy is difficult to deal with them. In the case of long-distance and large-scale transportation， the power grid is relatively weak. The terminal voltages of wind generators and synchronous generators are susceptible with the same disturbance. Dynamic coupling between the wind generators and synchronous generators strengthen， making the power system stability control and fault protection problem becomes more serious and complex， affecting security and stability of power system operation. The rapid development of large-scale energy storage technology offers a new opportunity to solve the wind power integration issues. Energy storage technologies have the advantages of flexible control and fast response， but also have the disadvantage of limited capacity and higher cost. Modeling of many types of energy storage technology mechanism and economic characteristics， analysis of energy storage demand in improving wind power integration are conducive to China's wind power development targets and can promote large-scale wind power work to further develop.

Key Words：Long-distance； Large-scale； High-concentration； Wind power integration； Energy storage； Demand assessment； Coordinated control

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