英语作文图文转化攻略
2016-05-14龚磊陈慈明
龚磊 陈慈明
图表作文体裁多为说明文、应用文和议论文,特点是简洁、直观,能够分门别类列出多项写作内容,要求考生根据图表提供的数据和文字进行分析讨论,得出令人信服的结论,多用于考查同学们提取、分析和表达图表中所包含信息的能力。但是,在实际写作当中,同学们的写作情况并不理想,归纳起来,问题主要体现在以下三个方面:①审题能力差,不能准确读懂图表所包含的信息;②书面表达能力差,不能用英语准确描述图表所呈现的包含的信息;③连句能力差,对图表的描述多简单罗列,前后关联性不强,条理性不够等。那么,我么应该如何写好这类作文呢?笔者认为,通过“图文转化”的方式,可以很好的解决这类问题。
(2016届高三武汉市四月调考)假定你是李华,现在美国洛杉矶看望你在此地工作的叔叔。请给在该市的笔友Jim写一封电子邮件,邀请他去当地的一家中餐馆吃饭,并准备赠送他一副围棋,感谢他两年来在网上解答你在英语学习上的问题。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 参考词汇:一副围棋—a go set。
审题
1. 审人称和时态。文章应以第一人称和一般现在时为主。
2. 审要求。本篇书面表达是书信类应用文。图表内容是一封电子邮件,邀请朋友到指定地点就餐。
3. 审内容。图表中已给出菜馆名称、评价等级等,但具体就餐时间并未给出。
图文转化
1. 我为什么在洛杉矶?
I am here visiting my uncle, who happens to be working in your city at present.
2. 发出邀请,约定具体地点、时间(what/where/when)。
Id like to invite you to have a meal with me in New Panda Buffet, a five-star restaurant, lying in 5120 Rodeo Rd, Los Angeles. If it is at your convenience, could we make it at 6pm on Friday, August 8th?
赠送礼物,一副围棋
By the way, I will present you with a go set to express my gratitude, hoping youll like it.
优秀习作
Here comes the surprising news that there is an invaluable opportunity to meet you during my visit to my uncle working in Los Angeles. Therefore, I truly want to invite you to a Five-Star restaurant, New Panda Buffet in 5120 Rodeo Rd, Los Angeles, CA90016. Moreover, lets set the time at 11:00 am. Now I can vividly imagine that the restaurant will witness us talking and laughing merrily. Ultimately, to express my sincere thanks for your two-year help to overcome the obstacles in my English learning, Id like to present you a go set which has a special meaning for me. Furthermore, had it not been for your assistance, I wouldnt make such great progress at present. I strongly believe that this meeting will promote our friendship.
Looking forward to your reply.
点评 该篇习作中,除了注意到用英语完整、准确、有条理地表达出图表中给出的有关时间、地点以及活动外,在语言表述上也有不少亮点,例如高级形容词、副词invaluable、truly、merrily、strongly等的恰当使用,还有各类句式,如从句、倒装句以及虚拟语气等的正确使用,都为本文增添了不少亮点。此外,作者还注意到使用过渡词语是文章条理通顺,可谓考虑周到。
当然,在写作中,同学们还应尽量避免单词拼写、语法结构以及逻辑关系等错误。以下常见错误,你能看出问题都出在哪里吗?
1. I want to impress my thanks for your help.
2. I want to tell you a thrilling news that I am in your city now.
3. The restaurant is opened from 10:30 am to 9:30 pm today and tomorrow.
4. But for your selfless help in the past two years, I would not make such a great progress.
5. Would you mind coming and enjoying delicious Chinese food from 10:30 to 9:30 pm tomorrow?
6. There is no denying that fact that my English has made great progress under your assistance.
(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华,计划暑假期间去英国学习英语,为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意,请给该校写封信,询问有关情况(箭头所指内容)。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 参考词汇:住宿—accommodation。
试题分析
本文属于应用文中的书信,李华写信给英国的一个培训中心询问暑假培训的详细内容。
1. 审要求。本篇书面表达是书信类应用文。图表内容是英国一所学校的广告。试题要求考生以李华的名义给该校写一封信,咨询一下有关英语课程的情况。同学们在写作时应注意书信的格式。
2. 审内容。书信内容应涉及箭头所指内容,包括学校所开课程的开始日期、班级规模、周课时、费用以及食宿方式。考生在写作时只要按照所给要点有层次地整合信息即可。
3. 审人称和时态。文章应以第一人称和一般现在时为主。
参考范文
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation. Ive seen your ad, and Id like to know something more about your six-week English course. First when will the course start and how many class hours are there per week? Besides, I wish there would not be too many students in a class. Id also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included. Would there be host family or university dormitory? I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
总而言之,同学们在写这类作文时,应注意以下几点:
1. 开门见山,注意时态。文章开始就应该开门见山地进入题目要求的写作内容,如概括时间、人物、发生了什么事情等;此外,还应根据写作文体和事件发生的时间、使用适当的时态。如文章为撰写调查研究和辩论调查结果,发表议论和个人观点,介绍或描述物体等句子通常应使用一般现在时。
2. 细心审题,缜密构思。同学们应认真阅读题目所提供的所有信息,如情景说明、写作要求、参考词汇、是否提供开头和结尾等。
3. 转换图表,写成短文。在读懂图表所给信息之后,同学们应学会重新组织图表内容,不能逐条翻译,也不能出现如“1. 2. 3.”等对要点的列点翻译,更不应该写成短语式的简单的提纲罗列,而应该写成文体得当、结构完整、条理通顺、句式多样的短文,做到“内容简明扼要,切忌拖泥带水;语言准确到位,切忌闲言碎语”。换句话说,我们应用最简洁的语言,对图表信息进行有步骤、有条理的转化。