复杂空气分离类成套装备超大型化与低能耗化的关键科学问题立项报告

谭建荣

摘 要：针对我国大型钢铁、大型石化、大型火电等重大工程必需的复杂空气分离类成套装备超大型化与低能耗化的关键技术难题，探索解决“低能耗驱动的大尺度混合流复杂界面渐变形成规律”“超大型化多机组多变量关联的变量（场）分离与耦合原理”与“高可靠性关键部机的寿命均衡设计与稳定运行理论”等基础科学问题。针对3个关键科学问题，设置了6个课题：大尺度混合流与非定常流动界面形成规律、大型装备中动力学非线性耦合机理、复杂工况多机组多变量关联设计理论、多机组同步稳定与寿命均衡设计原理、关键部机高强度大构件保质制造技术和超大型空分装备性能实验仿真与集成。通过该研究，阐明大型空气分离类成套装备大尺度混合流界面对气体传热传质的影响机理，揭示装备内部多相流体的非定常交变流动机理与能量迁移规律；阐明复杂工况大型装备动力学非线性耦合机理，建立跨机组多变量多参数关联的装备性能分析与工艺设计理论；揭示空分成套装备关键机组与关键部机高可靠性长寿命机理，提出关键机组与关键部机大型结构件的均衡寿命设计与保质制造方法；从而，为新一代空气分离类成套装备理论突破提供科学基础。

关键词：复杂空气分离类成套装备 超大型化 低能耗化 大尺度混合流 耦合关联设计 寿命均衡 保质设计制造

Abstract：Focusing on the key technique problems of super-large complex air separation equipment with low energy consumption which is a necessity of steel， petrochemical， and thermal power industry in China， several basic scientific questions are explored， “complex large-scale mixed flow interface gradient formation law driven by low energy consumption”， “super-large multi-set multivariable field coupling and decoupling principle”， “key sets life balance design and stable operation theory with high reliability” etc. . Six topics are set up centered on these three key scientific questions， interface formation laws of large-scale mixed flow and unsteady flow， dynamics nonlinear coupling mechanism of large equipment， multivariable and multi-set correlation design theory under complicated conditions， multi-sets synchronization stability and life balance principle， key sets high-strength component quality-ensured manufacturing， super-large complex air separation equipment performance test， simulation， and integration. The research of this project clarified the affection of super-large complex air separation equipment large-scale mixed flow to the mechanism of gas heat and mass transfer， revealed the poly-phase fluid unsteady flow alternating mechanism and energy migration law in equipment， illuminated dynamics nonlinear coupling mechanism of large equipment under complicated conditions， established the equipment inter-set multi-variable multi-parameter performance analysis and process design theory， uncovered air separation equipment key set and unit high reliability and long duration mechanism， proposed key set and unit large-scale structure life balance design and quality-ensured manufacturing method， thus providing the scientific basis for next generation air separation equipment theoretical breakthrough.

Key Words：Complex air separation equipment；Super-large trend；Lower energy consumption；Large-scale mixed flow；Coupling correlation design；Life balance；Design for quality and manufacturing

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