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词语运用解题指导与专项练习

2016-04-08黄继飞

试题与研究·中考英语 2015年4期
关键词:空格介词形容词

黄继飞

一、选词填空型

选词填空是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空,词序打乱,让考生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空。此类题目主要是要求考生在正确理解和把握文章大意的基础上,通过分析行文线索来填写所缺单词的一种考查形式。

技巧点拨

(1)统揽全局,把握大意

要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文大意,把握全局,才能明确方向,从而有助于正确理解空缺处所在的句子,缩小词的选择范围。

(2)根据语法,判定词性

对于一般空缺处要填的词语,我们都可以通过其所在句的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性,从而正确选词,进一步缩小词的选择范围。

(3)利用语境,确定词形

当确定了一个单词的词性后,我们可通过上下文来判断其形式。如动词的人称、数、时态、语态、不定式、v-ing形式;名词的数和所有格;代词的各种形式及单复数;形容词、副词的比较等级;基数词、序数词的转换形式等。

(4)复读全文,验证答案

填完单词后,不可孤立地逐词检查,而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中,复读全文。仔细检查所填内容是否符合文章的语言情境,读起来是否流畅、合乎句法,单词形式是否正确,单词拼写是否有误等。如若发现问题应及时更正。通过复读全文,根据语感很可能将个别特别难的题空顺口读出来。

真题解析

(2015年河南卷)阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。

say way star long though popular he

hand call make because between

Are you still doing the V for victory sign?It'sout.The latest popular hand gesture(手势)is put-ting both of your hands together to make a heart-shape.It is1"hand heart".

Many young pop2in the US have done the move in recent photos."The 'hand heart' ges-ture means something3'I love you' and 'thank you',"said Taylor Swift,the country sing-er."You can send a sweet,simple message with-out4a word."Swift often does it at her con-certs.And she is believed to be the first to5it popular.

Last month,Justin Bieber and6super-star friends did the"hand heart"and put the photos online.They did it to help out three kids whose parents were killed in a car accident.

It used to take much7for nonverbal(非官语的)culture to move.But now,it moves faster8we have smart phones and the Internet.

In the Republic of Korea,the"hand heart"has been9for a long time,but in a different10.People there put their hands above theirheads and make a bigger heart shape with their arms.It means¨I love you".

【主旨大意】

本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们,如果你还是用V字表示“胜利”就太落伍了。现在流行的方法是用两只手组成一个“心”字形或用两只手放在头上,组成一个巨大的“心”字来表达“我爱你”“谢谢你”等。

【答案解析】

1.called。根据上句“将两只手放在一起构成‘心形”的描述可知,这种手势被称作“手心”。在提供的单词中只有call有“称作”之意;又因it是动作call的承受者,故填其过去分词形式called,与lS构成被动结构。

2.stars。通过分析句子结构可知,空格处缺少一个名词。在提供的选项中只有way、star及hand为名词。下文中以乡村歌手Taylor Swift为例,说明“心形”这种手势的流行程度,由此可推知,本空谈论的是“流行歌星”;又因star前有many修饰,故本空应填其复数形式stars。

3.between。通过分析句子结构可知,本句中含有介词短语between…and(在……与……之间)。句意为:“心形”手势的意思介于“我爱你”与“谢谢”之间,故本空填between。

4.saying。通过分析句子结构可知,本空应填一个动词。在备选项中,只剩say与make两个动词。由语境可知,这里说的是“你可以不用说话,就能传递甜蜜而简单的信息”,由此考虑用单词say;又因空格前有介词without,故填say的动名词形式saylng。

5.make。通过分析句子结构可知,本空应填一个动词。在所提供的动词选项中只剩下make。句意为:她被认为是第一个使这种手势流行开来的人。故填make。

6.his。由语境可知,这里谈论的是JustinBieber和他的超级明星朋友们。由此考虑选方框中提供的代词he。通过分析句子结构可知,本空应填一个形容词性物主代词修饰super-star friends。故填his。

7. longer。通过对照下句“现在传播得更快”可推知,在过去,非官方文化的传播需要花更多的时间。由此考虑填long。又因为空格前有副词much修饰,故应填long的比较级形式longer。

8.because。句意为:由于我们现在有手机和互联网,现在它传播得更快。由此可知,前后分句构成因果关系。故填because。

9.popular。由语境可知,在韩国,“心形”手势已经流行好长时间了。故填popular。

10. way。根据下句“那里的人们将手放在头上,做一个大的‘心形,表示‘我爱你”可推知,这种手势与“hand heart”的手势方法不同,但表达的意思差不多是一样的。由此考虑填单词way。

二、首字母填空型

首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母,在句子的空白处填上适当的单词,使句子意思完整、语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力,又考查学生对句子的理解和运用的能力。

技巧点拨

(1)通读短文,掌握大意

(2)认真分析,初填单词

读完第一遍后,依据上下文语境、语意或首字母提示,推测单词;然后根据句法、词语的用法,确定其正确形式。对不能确定答案的题目,我们在空格处做个记号,稍后再进行确定。

(3)细读全文,扫除障碍

读完第二遍后,确定了部分题目的答案。对于不能确定的答案,要重读全文,反复推敲。

(4)全文复读,融会贯通

在填好答案之后,我们要从头至尾再读一遍短文,细心检查。看所填单词是不是最佳单词,拼写是否准确无误,词形是否要进行必要的变化,短文是否前后连贯一致,情节发展是否合理,议论是否合乎逻辑等。

真题解析

(2015年天津卷)根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。

In the town of Lampang in northern Thai-land,there is an unusual group of musicians.They play many different k1of music-every-thing from traditional Thai songs to music by Beethoven.Both children and adults love this group.What makes them so p2?Is it their music?Their looks?Yes,it's both of the things,but it's a3something else:they're elephants.

These musical elephants started at the TECC(泰国大象保护中心)in Lampang.The TECC protects elephants.It teaches people to under-stand and love them.And,like many zoos a4the world,the TECC encourages elephants to paint.

Richard Lair w5for the TECC.He loves his job there and knows a lot about elephants.He says some of the animals' paintings are very good.But,in fact,elephants h6better than they see.And so he had an idea:if elephants are s7and they have good hearing,maybe they can play mu-sic.To test his idea,Lair and afriend started theThai Elephant Orchestra.During a performance(表演),the elephants play a number of8,in-cluding the drums and the xylophone(木琴).

But can elephants reaUy make music proper-ly?Yes,says Lair.They are very creative.Hu-man e9the animals to play,but the elephants make their own songs;they don't just copy their trainers o10other people.There are now CDs of the group's music which make money for the TECC.And the music these artists create is pretty amazing.

【主旨大意】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了在泰国有一群能够演奏音乐的大象深受大人和小孩子们的喜爱,同时也描述了大象是如何创作音乐的。

【答案解析】

1.kinds。根据后面出现的everything from traditional Thai songs to music bv Beethoven,可以理解此处指“各种各样的音乐”,故填kinds。

2.popular。根据前一句“Both children and adults love this group.”可知,无论小孩还是成年人都很喜欢,说明大象非常受欢迎,所以填popular。

3.also。这里指除了上述的两个原因,但是也有其他的一些东西使大象受欢迎,所以填also。

4.around。这里指的是“像全世界许多动物园一样”,故用固定搭配around the world,意为“全世界”。

5.works。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,再根据下一句“He loves his job…”可以推测,句意为“他为TECC工作”,故应该用词组work for,意为“为……工作”。根据上下文的人称和时态可知,此处应该用第三人称单数形式。

6.hear。下一句“…they have good hearing,maybe they can play music.”说明大象的听力比视力还要好,故填hear。

7.smart。句意为:如果大象足够聪明并且听力非常好,那么他们也可能学会演奏音乐。通过分析句子结构发现,本句缺少一个形容词做表语的成分,所以填smart,意为“聪明的、机智的”。

8.instruments。根据后半句“…including the drums and the xylophone(木琴).”可知,说明大象乐队演奏很多种乐器,故填写instruments。

9.encourage。根据上下文Lair所说的话,大象很有创造力,而且会创作自己的音乐,所以对于人类来说,是要鼓励大象去演奏,对应的英文是encourage sb. to do sth.,意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填encourage。

10.or。句意为:他们不是简单地模仿驯象师或者其他人。否定句中列举并列成分时用连词or。

三、语法填空

语法填空作为一种新颖的题型,能够全面考查学生的英语综合应用能力。

技巧点拨

(l)已给出单词提示的题型

①名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。

如:There are many students living at school,because the____(child) houses are all far from school.

由students一词可以判断出空格处应填复数,且作为hous es的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children's。

②动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),也有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。

如:A talk____(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.

句中的lS是主句的谓语,所以空格处所填的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告仍未进行,故用不定式表示将来;且报告是动作give的承受者,故可以判断出空格处用被动形式,即to be given。

③代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的“三大类、五小类”,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one/none、other/another等。

如:The king decided to see the painter by____(he).

由介词by可以看出,空格处应填反身代词himself。

④形容词、副词比较等级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表示方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式,或通过加后缀-er和-est,或在词前加more/less和most/least,且形容词的绝对最高级前还要加定冠词the。

如:I am____(short) than Liu Wen.He is the tallest students in our class.

此题后一句交代了Liu Wen是班上个子最高的学生,那“我”肯定比他矮,所以用shorter。

⑤数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀-teen、-ty的变化,甚至还有用作分母的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。

如:To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses.My eldest son shall take a half.my second son shall take a____(three)...

将上下文连续起来理解,这是一个分马的计划:大儿子分到a half,也就是“一半”或“二分之一”,二儿子分到“三分之一”。所以要填人用作分母的序数词third。

⑥词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的,派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这类题目用于检测学生对词根、前后缀及派生词的掌握。

如:Louis lost his wallet yesterday,so he was very__(happiness).

在这道题中,学生很容易判断出应该用形容词,happiness的构成词根是形容词happy;分析句意可知,如果钱包丢了,失主应该是“不开心的”,所以还要加前缀-un,正确答案是unhappy。

(2)未给出单词提示的题型

在不给出任何提示的情况下填空,难度较大,主观性较强,有时可能出现多种答案。

①固定短语结构。根据句中空格处前后以及整个句子来判断空格前后是否构成一个固定短语,但有时要对空格前后的几个单词“视而不见”,才能命中答案。

如:The children were playing on the ground,enjoying____,dirty but happy.

从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的,所以应用短语enjoy oneself。答案为them-selves。

②从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个考查点,主要检测学生对从句引导词的掌握程度。

如:He did not do____his father had asked him to do.

通过审题可知,空格所缺内容应该为宾语从句的引导词,此引导词又在从句中充当宾语,且指物,所以是what。

又如:Those——want to go to the village must sign here.

经过观察可以判断空格所缺内容为定语从句的引导词,进一步观察可知先行词为those,且指人,所以只能填人who。

③短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语,此类短语中往往是“动词+介词或副词”结构。

如:Mrs.Baker was ill,so her daughter had to ask for leave to take____of her.

由常识可知,生病需要人照顾,所以答案是care,与前后词构成短语take care of。

④介词短语结构。介词短语即多个词的组合并起介词作用的短语,如:except for,due to等。

如:Mr.Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train.

此题中说到两种交通工具.所以可以理解此句有“乘坐……而不是乘坐……”的意思,故答案为instead,以构成介词短语instead of。

⑤连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and,or, but,so,for,while等;常用的关联短语有both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等。

如:John's family was too poor,____he could not go to school.

前后句是因果关系,所以填s0。

又如:_____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.

答案为Both。both与后面的and可以构成both…and…结构。

⑥冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a,an,the之间判断;常用的介词有in,at,on,before,during等,通常考查固定搭配;对副词的考查点也比较多,如however,riever,vet,much等,但一般不会考查-ly形式的方式副词。

如:Jackie likes to drive at_____high speed.It's dangerous.

这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法,答案为a,构成短语at a high speed.意为“以高速(开车)”。

又如:Old Tom's granddaughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon.

Saturday afternoon指的是具体某一天的“下午”,因此这里不能用介词in。本题正确答案是on。

再如:It was only one day left,____,his fa-ther had no idea to answer him.

根据题意可以看出,上下句是转折关系,并且空格处与前后句用逗号隔开,故可排除but,答案是however。

⑦上下文中出现的相关词。这类题日是出题方式最为灵活的,但也是难度最大的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识,填入某个已出现的词,或其反义词,或其同类的某个词。答案的线索可能在本句,可能出现在上下相连的句子中,还可能出现在范围较大的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该空格处出现在某段的首句,则线索可能在上下段的首句;如果空格处出现在某段的末句,则线索可能在上下段的末句,以此类推。

如:Tony____travelling abroad,but dis-likes staying home watching TV.

后半句中的but表示意思的转折,故前半句的谓语动词应该是dislikes的反义词,也就是likes。

上述内容概括了此题型的大多数考查点,在备考复习中能起到很好的加强作用,真正做到事半功倍,较大地提高得分率。

真题解析

(2015年丽水卷)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

We usually had some strange and funny ideas when we were1(child).

When l was a little girl,I2(live)in a very big neighborhood and we shared a garden and3pool between forty-eight houses.There were a lot of kids around my age and we all used4(play) together,and we'd often swim5the pool.But there was one boy who was about five years6(old) than us.One day,when I was swimmlng,7told me,“I hope you know there is a shark in the light.And it8(come out)to get you if you swim alone.”I was very afraid,and up until today-I am twenty-five years old now-I still get nervous when I swim alone9I always check the light to make sure there's no shark.

What10you think of this kind of ideas?Write your stories and share with us.

【主旨大意】

本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者回忆自己小时候发生过的一件事情。这件事情对作者造成的影响很大,使她至今仍然无法释怀。

【答案解析】

1.children。考查名词的用法。句意为:当我们还是孩子的时候,通常有一些稀奇古怪的想法。由时间状语从句的主语we可以判断,从句中的名词child要用其复数形式children。

2. lived。考查动词的时态。根据前半句“When l was a little girl(当我还是个小女孩时)”可知,这里是叙述自己过去的经历,故用动词live的过去式lived。

3.a。考查冠词的用法。句意为:我们共同使用一个花园和一个游泳池。表示泛指用不定冠词a。

4.to play。考查固定搭配的用法。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”。

5.in。考查介词的用法。in意为“在……的里面”。表示“在游泳池里游泳”用swim in the pool。

6. older。考查形容词比较级的用法。由句中的than可以确定,要用形容词old的比较级形式older。

7.he。考查人称代词的用法。联系上文中的a boy可知,句意为:有一天当我在游泳的时候,他告诉我。空格处表示“他”,并在句中做主语,故用人称代词的主格he。

8.will/may come out。考查条件状语从句的用法。句意为:如果你独自在游泳池里游泳,那么大鲨鱼将出来抓住你。直接引述某人说过的话,引号里面要用现在的时态。根据句意可判断该句为条件状语从句,从句动词swim用一般现在时表示将来,主句动词应该用一般将来时will come out。也可用may come out,情态动词may表示“可能”。

9.and/so。考查连词的用法。该句前后是并列复合句,前面的分句意为:(听他说完)我非常害怕,一直到今天——我现在25岁了——当我独自游泳时我仍然感到紧张。后面的分句意为:我总是检查一下光线以确保没有鲨鱼。由此可推断前后分句是并列关系或因果关系,故用连词and或so。

10.do。考查助动词的用法。由下一句中的动词write和share可判断本句是在征求对方的看法,故用一般现在时,主语是you,在疑问句中助动词用do。句意为:你认为这种想法怎么样?

专项练习

(一)

example such say so other place need

brother parent not have to do mean

How to Talk about Your Feelings

Once you know who you can talk with,you'llwant to pick a time and1to talk.Does it need to be private(私下的),or can you talk with your2and sister in the room?If you think you'll have trouble3what's on your mind,write it down on a piece of paper.

If the person doesn't understand what you4right away,try explaining it in a different way or give a(n)5of what's about you.Is there something you think could be done to make things better?If6,say it.

Some kids-just like some adults-are more private than7.That means some people will feel more shy about sharing their feelings.A kid8share every feelings he or she has,but it is important to share feelings when a kid9help.You don't have to solve every problem on your own.Sometimes you need help. And if you10,talking about your feelings can be the first step to-ward getting it.1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(二)

ask answer for and large learn mean

question why smile

Long ago,there lived a learned man in Greece.He was well-known1his wide knowl-edge.And lots of people from all over the countrycame to2things from him. The great man taught his students with all his heart and3their questions with patience.

One day a student4him,"My dear teach-er,didn't you say you have manv more questions than we do?But we think we students have a lot more than you."With a5,the teacher drew two circles-one is as6as a big plate,and the other is smaller.

"Of course,I've learned much more.But I don't think I know all you know.Now,look at these two circles.Inside the big one is my knowl-edge of things,7inside the smaller one yours. Out of the circles is what we don't know.My circle is larger,so its line is longer.That8I have more opportunities to meet with what we don't know.And that's9I myself have morequestions than you do.The more you learn,the more10you'll have.You will never learn enough,you know. "1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(三)

Only One Move

Sometimes your biggest weakness can be-come your greatest strength.

There was a lO-year-old boy,whose left arm was b1and was cut off. He decided to learn judo(柔道).His teacher was an old Chinese judo expert.

The boy learned quickly.A2three months,he had learned only one move.He asked his teacher to teach him m3moves.The teach-er told him that this was all he would n4.

Soon after,the boy entered a g5,where he quickly advanced(晋级)to the finals,where his opponent(对手)was bigger and more experi-enced.The boy seemed very out matched(不匹配).After a long m6,the opponent seemed to lose concentration.Quickly,the boy took advan-tage(优势)and b7the opponent.

On the ride home. the boy asked his teacher."How could I w8with only one move?"The teacher r9,"You have learned one of the most difficult moves in all of judo.And,the only de-fense against(防御)that m10,is for your op-ponent to catch your left arm."

Sometimes your biggest weakness can be-come your greatest strength.1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(四)

Grow Great by Dreams

The question was once asked of a highly suc-cessful businessman:"How have you d1so much in your lifetime?"

He replied,"l have dreamed.I have t2them into what I wanted to do.Then I have gone to bed and thought about my d3.In the night dreamt about my dreams.And when I awoke in the m4,I saw the way to make my dreams real.While other people were saying,‘You can't do that.It isn't p5I was well on my way to reach what I wanted."As Woodrow Wilson,28th President of the U.S.,said,"We grow great b6dreams.All big men are dreamers."

They see things in the soft fog of a spring day,or in the red fire on a long winter's evening.Some of us let these great dreams die,but o7nourish(滋养)and protect them;nourish them through bad days until they bring t8to the sunshine and light which comes always to those who sincerely hope that their dreams will come9."

So please,don't let a10steal your dreams,or try to tell you they are too impossible.

"Sing your song, dream your dreams,hope your hope and pray your prayer.1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(五)

In my life,I have a lot of friends,1thereis a special one who I'm the most thankful to.I first knew him when I began to go to school.He has been with me ever since.

Though he2serious,he is really fun as you get close to him.He is very quiet,smart and knowledgeable.He knows every language of the world,all the events of3,all the thoughts of great scientists and so on.He is admired(钦佩)by4who meets him.

To me,he has been a great5as well.He first taught me the secrets of my own language and then those of others.With these keys,he showed us how to unlock all the arts and sciences of man.

My friend is quite6.Although I am slow in understanding,I can return to him again and again,and he is7ready to teach me.When I am8,he makes me relaxed.When I am lonely,he stays with me silently.When I am sad,he9me up.He is a friend not only to me,but10to millions of people around the world.Shall I tell you his name?His name is"Reading".1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ 6._____ 7._____ 8._____ 9._____ 10._____

(六)

I still remember the first time I left home for one or two1(night).I was going to a summer camp for a month.When my parents told me about the camp,I was2(excite),because there were lots of activities there.

The whole family drove me to the camp.When we arrived,I saw a lot of kids,3I didn't know anyone.I began to feel nervous.They gave me a little card4my name on it.Then a girl,who looked5(old) than me,came up to me and said,"Hi,Margiel I'm Sara.Our cabin(小木屋)is the Pines."

Finally the time came when my parents said,"Well,Margie,goodbye.Have6great time.And don't worry,we'll write to7often."

I had an awful feeling.I wanted8(cry).But just then another girl of my age came up to me and9(say),"Hi,are you Margie?I'm Tammy.I'm in the Pines,too.Come on.Let's go to see the horses."

So off we went and I had a10(wonder)month at camp.1.____2.____3.____4.____5.____6.____7.____8.____9.____10.____

【参考答案与解析】

(一)

1. place。空格前是time,方框中所给的名词中能和time并列的只有place。句意为:选个时间和地点去交谈。

2 brother。备选的词中能和sister构成并列关系的,只有brother最为合适。句意为:在房间里与你的兄弟姐妹交谈。

3.saying。根据后面意思“把它写在纸上”,这里应该是have trouble saying,意为“有说不出的烦恼”。

4.mean。根据后面try explaining it in a dif-ferent way(设法用不同的方法来解释)可知,前面指的是“不能明白你的意思”,故用mean。

5.example。能和前面的way构成选择关系的应该是example,这里指“方法或者举例”。

6.so。句意为:你有能使事情变得更好的做法吗?后面一句是“如果有,请说出来”。这里用so来代替前句中所陈述的内容。

7.others。some…others…意为“一些……另一些……”,是固定搭配。

8.doesn,t have to。根据下一句“共享情感很重要”及表示转折关系的but可知,本句意为:小孩没有必要共享他或她的情感和拥有的东西。因为主语是a kid,故用doesn't have to表示“没有必要”。

9.needs。这里指“但是在孩子有所需要的时候,共享情感很重要”。故用needs。

10.do。这里是用一个助动词来代替“需要帮助”,用do最为合适。

(二)

1.for。be well-known for为固定短语,意为“因……而闻名”。

2. learn。learn…from…为固定搭配,意为“向……学习……”。

3.answered。句意为:这位老师用心教导他的学生,耐心地回答他们的问题。根据句子后面的questions可以确定用answered。

4.asked。根据后面的内容“…didn't you say you have many more questions than we do?"可知这里是一个学生问他问题。故用asked。

5.smile。句意为:老师面带微笑地画了两个圆圈。with a smile意为“面带微笑”。

6. large。从后面的“…a bigplate,and the other is smaller.”可知,空格处表示“大的”,故选large。

7.and。这两个句子是并列关系,能用来做连词的选项只有and。

8.means。句意为:这意味着我有更多的机会去接触我们未知的东西。空格处填写means。

9.why。句意为:这就是我比你有更多问题的原因。这里填写why。

10.questions。根据“You will never learnenough,you know.”可知,空格处所在句的意思为“你学到的越多,你的问题就越多”。故填写questions。

(三)

1.broken。由后面的was cut off(被截肢)可知,前面是broken。

2.After。由前面“这个男孩学得很快”可知,这里指“三个月以后”,故用after。

3.more。根据前面的only one move可知,这里指男孩要求老师教他更多动作。故用more。

4.need。句意为:老师告诉他所有这些将是他所需要的。故用need。

5.game。由后面的“晋级”和“对手”可知,他是参加“比赛”。故用game。

6.match。句意为:经过长时间的比赛后,对方似乎失去注意力。

7.beat。由前面的took advantage(占据优势)可知,这里指“击败对手”,故用beat。

8.win。根据上文,这句话的意思为:我只用了一个动作,是怎么赢的呢?故填win。

9.replied。前面是the boy asked,这里应该是the teacher answered/replied。但是,首字母给的是r,所以用replied。

10.move。根据前面“You have learned one of the most difficult moves in all of judo.”可知,这里讲的是“唯一的防御动作”。故填move。

(四)

1.done。用do的过去分词done和前面的have构成现在完成时。

2.turned。所填词和后面的into构成短语turn into,意为“(使)变成”。

3.dreams。根据go to bed和后面的“In the night I dreamt about my dreams.”可知,这里应填dreamso

4.morning。根据前一句的In the night和本句的when I awoke可知,这里应填mormng。

5.possible。由前一句“You can't do that.”可知,这里指“它是不可能的”,故填possible。

6.by。根据文章的标题“Grow Great by Dreams”可知填by。

7.others。与前一句的some构成some…other…(一些……另一些……)结构。

8.them。空格处的内容用于代替these great dreams,故用them。

9.true。come true为固定短语,意为”实现”。本句意为:他们的梦想将会实现。

10. anyone。根据后面的steal your dreams可知,本句意为:不要让别人偷走了你的梦想。故填anyone。

(五)

1.but。由上一句“I have a lot of friends…”和下一句“…there is a special one who I'm the most thankful to.”的意思可以推断,两者为转折关系,故用but。

2.looks。这里要用looks,表示“看起来”。

3.history。句意为:历史上的所有大事件。

4.everyone。定语从句的谓语动词为单数,因此,先行词为单数或不可数名词。句意为:每个和他相识的人都敬佩他。

5.teacher。由下文中的“He first taught me the secrets of my own language…”可知,此空填teacher。

6.patient。由下文中的“Although I am slow in understanding,I can return to him again and again…”可知,他很“有耐心”。

7.always。句意为:他总是随时准备教导我。

8.tired。由下一句“…he makes me relaxed.”可推测,此空为tired。

9.cheers。cheer up为固定短语,意思是“使(某人)振作或开心”。

10. also。句意为:他不仅是我的朋友,也是世界上成千上万人的朋友。

(六)

1.nights。由空格前的two可知,空格处填night的复数形式。

2.excited。句意为:我很兴奋,因为那里有许多活动。excited是形容词,意为“感到兴奋的”,用于形容人。

3.but。句意为:我看到了很多孩子,但是我不认识任何人。上下句是转折关系,故填but。

4.with。句意为:他们给了我一张写着我名字的卡片。with表示“有”。

5.older。句意为:然后一个女孩走过来,她看起来比我年纪大。由空格后的than可知本句用形容词的比较级,且表示“年龄的大小”,故填older。

6.a。句意为:祝你玩得开心。have agreat time是固定短语。

7.you。句意为:我们会经常给你写信。由语境可知,这些话是父母说给孩子的,应为第二人称;又因所填词位于介词后,故用you。

8.to cry。句意为:我有一种可怕的感觉。我想大哭。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。

9.said。句意为:但是恰在那时,另一个和我年龄一般大的女孩向我走来。and连接并列成分时,时态应一致,其前是一般过去时,因此and后面也是一般过去时。故填said。

10. wonderful。句意为:因此我们出发了。我度过了一个月的精彩的野营生活。空格后是名词,空格处缺少定语,故填形容词wonderful。

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