The Application Status of Psychological Scale for the Study ofthe Psychological Health of Ethnic Minority College Students

Wang Can Liu Dawei

（Southwest University for Nationalities，Chengdu，610041，Sichuan，China）

JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY，VOL.6，NO.5 ， 89-92 ，2015（CN51-1731/C，in Chinese）

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-9391.2015.05.12

Abstract：

Since the 1990s，the numbers of college students who drop out of school due to mental disorders have increased dramatically.In recent years，reports on college students mental health crisis have drawn more and more public attention.Therefore，the mental health status of college students is becoming a serious focus in the field of psychology.However，there are few studies on the mental health of ethnic minority college students.

As a standardized practical screening instrument，the psychological assessment scale has become a widely used tool for many universities to evaluate psychological problems.This paper intends to analyze the characteristics of the psychological scales commonly used in ethnic minority colleges，and clearly describe the status of its application.Through searching thefull-text database CNKI，we discovered that there are several tools concerning psychological scale that are used commonly in ethnic minority colleges，including the Symptom Checklist 90（SCL - 90），Zung Self-Rating Scales（SDS/SAS），Psychological Health Inventory（PHI），Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（EPQ），16PF Questionnaire（16 pf），and the College StudentsPersonality Health Questionnaire（UPI）.We did a comparative analysis on them as follows：

1.The Symptom Checklist-90-R（SCL-90-R）is a self-reporting psychometric questionnaire published in 1975.It is designed to evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology.It is still one of the most widely used instruments in the investigation of the mental health of college students.

2.The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale（SDS）and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）were designed by psychiatrist William W.K.Zung.The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scaleis used to assess the level of depression for patients diagnosed with depressive disorder.The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale was designed to assess a patients level of anxiety.Both of them are commonly used in ethnic minority universities.

3.The Psychological Health Inventory was developed by Song Weizhen and his co-workers in 1992.This self-reporting scale is based on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory（MMPI）.It consists of 7 sub-scales： Somatization，Depression，Anxiety，Psychopathic Deviation，Hypochondria，Unrealistic and Hypomania.

4.The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（EPQ）is a questionnaire devised by the psychologists Hans Jürgen Eysenck and Sybil B.G.Eysenckto assess the personality traits of a person.It contains four sub-scales： Extraversion（E），Neuroticism（N），Psychoticism（P）and Lie scale（L）.

5.The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire（16PF），is a self-reporting personality test developed by Raymond B.Cattell and his co-workers.The 16PF instrument provides users with a normal-range measurement of anxiety，adjustment，emotional stability and behavioral problems.It also provides an overview of personality structure by measuring 16 primary trait constructs.

6.The University Personality Inventory is an instrument devised by counselors and psychiatrists who were working in Japanese universities，to screen mental disorders among Japanese freshmen.It was introduced in China in 1991，and since then it has been used frequently as a common instrument in many Chinese colleges，including in many ethnic minority colleges.

7.In recent years domestic psychologists have developed some college students questionnairesbased on the characteristics of Chinese college students，such as the Chinese College Students Mental Health Scale，Influential index of Mental Health Status of Ethnic Minority College Students，and so on.However，as most of them are initial studies，the validity of these scales still needs further study.

After a careful survey of these tools frequently used among the students in ethnic minority colleges，we discovered that four main problems exist.They，include the problem of cultural differences，the problem of applicability of the subject being tested，the problem of applicability of the contents of the scale and the problem of the newly developed scales.

Key Words：   psychological scale;，ethnic minority colleges; college students; current status，comparative study

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