导学2（Units 3—4）

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room？

重点词汇

1.rubbish n. 垃圾；废弃物

He described her book as absolute rubbish.

他说她的书一文不值。

垃圾还可用litter，garbage，trash表示。

2.fold v. 折叠；对折

Could you please fold your clothes？

请你把你的衣服叠起来好吗？

3.sweep v. 扫；打扫

Could you please sweep the floor？

请你打扫一下地板好吗？

4.mess n. 杂乱；不整洁

She won’t be happy if she sees this mess.

如果她看见这些乱七八糟的东西，她不会开心的。

5.neither adv. 也不

She didn’t do housework and neither did I.

她没有做家务，我也没有。

比较：neither和so的区别

neither用于否定句，前者情况适合于后者；

so用于肯定句，前者情况适合于后者。

Lucy can’t swim， neither can Lily.

露西不会游泳，莉莉也不会。

Tom speaks Chinese well， so does his sister。

汤姆汉语讲得很好，他妹妹也讲得很好。

6.pass v. 给；递；走过；通过

Could you please pass me the salt？

你能把盐递给我吗？

7.borrow v. 借；借用

lend v. 借给；借出

Could I borrow that book？

我可以借那本书吗？

Could you lend me some money？

你可以借些钱给我吗？

比较：borrow和lend的区别

borrow（相对于主语）借入；

lend（相对于主语）借出。

I will borrow a pen from Tom.

我将向汤姆借一支笔。

Tom will lend a pen to me.

汤姆将借一支笔给我。

8.hate v. 厌恶；讨厌

I hate some chores， too.

我也讨厌一些家务活。

9.while conj. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而

We must have been burgled while we were asleep.

我们睡着时一定有贼入室盗窃了。

10. waste n. 浪费；垃圾

v. 浪费；滥用

Housework is a waste of time.

家务劳动是浪费时间。

11. provide v. 提供；供应

It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment for their children.

为孩子们提供干净舒适的环境是父母的职责。

provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物

My boss provides me with an apartment and food.

My boss provides an apartment and food for me.

我的老板给我提供食宿。

12. depend v. 依靠；信赖

Children these days depend on their parents too much.

现今的孩子们太依赖他们的父母了。

13. since conj. 因为；既然

prep.， conj. adv. 从……以后；自……以来

Several new members have come into the club since last year.

自去年以来，又有些新成员加入了俱乐部。

14. drop v. 落下；掉下

He often fell ill and his grades dropped.

他经常生病，他的成绩也随之下滑了。

常用短语及搭配

1. do chores 做家务

2. do the dishes 洗餐具

3. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾

4. fold the/one’s clothes 折衣服

5. sweep the floor 扫地

6. make the/one’s bed 整理床铺

7. no problem 没问题

8. go out for dinner 出去吃晚饭

9. stay out late 在外面待得太晚

10. get a ride 搭便车

11. work on 从事于……

12. at least 至少

13. finish doing sth 做完某事

14. see the mess 看到混乱

15. come over 过来

16. hang out with sb 和某人闲逛

17. get wet 淋湿

18. all the time 频繁；反复

19. invite sb to... 邀请某人去某个地方

20. in order to 目的是；为了

21. get good grades 取得好成绩

22. depend on 依靠；信赖

23. the earlier...， the better... 越早……，越好……

24. as soon as 一……就……；尽快

25. take care of 照顾；处理

重要句型

1.There is no need for... to... ……不需要做……

There is no need for the students to do housework.

学生们不需要做家务劳动。

2.It’s not enough to... ……是不够的……

It’s not enough to just get good grades at school.

在学校里仅仅取得好成绩是远远不够的。

3.The earlier...， the better... 越早……，越好……

The earlier kids learn to be independent， the better it is for their future.

孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的将来就越有用。

两个比较级由逗号连接，构成“The + 比较级，the + 比较级”的结构，表示“越……越……”的意思。

The more， the better.

越多越好。

基本语法

1.Could you please...？ 礼貌地提出要求

Could you please clean your room？

请你打扫你的房间，行吗？

2.Could I...？ 征得同意

Could I go out for dinner with my friends？

我可以和我的朋友们出去吃晚饭吗？

3.make和do用作“做”的区别：

make强调做的过程中要动脑筋，例如make dinner；

do则表示简单地、机械地重复做，例如do chores。

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your

parents？

重点词汇

1.allow v. 允许；准许

My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.

我父母不允许我和我的朋友出去闲逛。

2.deal n. 协议；交易

The two sides tried and failed to come to a deal.

双方都努力了，但还是没能达成协议。

deal v. 处理

deal with... 处理……

You should deal with your problems by youself.

你应该亲自处理你自己的问题。

3.argue v. 争吵；争论

When they argue， it’s like a big， black cloud hanging over our home.

当他们争吵时，就像有一团又大又黑的乌云笼罩在我们家上空一样。

argue with sb 与某人吵架

Don’t argue with your parents.

不要和你的父母吵架。

4.instead adv. 代替；反而；却

Mr Black was ill， so she was taking his class instead.

布莱克先生生病了，因此她在代他的课。

instead of （用……）代替……，（是……）而不是……

We just had soup instead of a full meal.

我们没有吃全餐，只喝了汤。

5.whatever pron. 任何；每一

He watches whatever he wants until late at night.

他一直注意着他想要的任何东西直到夜里很晚。

6.offer v. 主动提出；自愿给予

If your parents are having problems， you should offer to help.

如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动给予帮助。

比较：offer和provide的区别

offer表示“主动提供”，而provide则表示“供给”。

（1） offer... to... 主动提供……给……

The boy offered his seat to the old man.

这个男孩把他的座位让给了这位老人。

（2） provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth 为……提供……

My parents provide food and money for me.

My parents provide me with food and money.

我的父母给我提供食物和金钱。

7.explain v. 解释；说明

You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.

你应该说明你不介意他一直看电视。

8.return v. 归还；回来；返回

My cousin always borrows my things without returning them.

我的堂兄老是借我的东西不还。

9.typical adj. 典型的

The Taylors are a typical American family.

泰勒一家是典型的美国家庭。

10. continue v. 持续；继续存在

Competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.

竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开始了，直到他们长大，竞争仍然存在。

continue doing sth = go on doing sth 继续做某事

Let’s continue/go on having class！

让我们继续上课吧！

11. compare v. 比较

They are always comparing their kids with other children.

他们总是把他们的小孩与其他的孩子相比较。

12. push v. 鞭策；督促；推动

They pushed him into the car.

他们把他推进了车里。

pull v. 拖；拉

13. cause v. 造成；引起

All these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.

所有这些活动都会给孩子造成很大的压力。

常用短语及搭配

1. get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠

2. get into a fight with sb 和某人进入战斗

3. go to sleep 去睡觉

4. work out 成功地发展；解决

5. write sb a letter 给某人写信

6. talk on the phone 打电话

7. find sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事

8. look through 快速查看；浏览

9. be angry with sb 生某人的气

10. get on well with 和睦相处；关系良好

11. refuse to do 拒绝做

12. offer to do 主动提出做

13. communicate... with... 和……交流……

14. be worried about sb 担心某人

15. talk to sb 和某人说话

16. give sb a lot of pressure 给某人很大的压力

17. compete with... 和……竞争

18. cut out 删除；删去

19. not... until... 直到……才……

20. compare... with 比较；对比

21. big deal 重要的事

22. in one’s opinion 依……看

重要句型

1.In my opinion， it’s important for sb to... 我认为，对于某人来说做……是重要的

In my opinion， it’s important for the kids to talk about their problems with their parents.

我认为对于孩子们来说和父母谈论他们的问题是很重要的。

2.... so that... ……以便/目的是……

You should save more money so that you can buy a gift for your friend’s birthday.

你应该存下更多的钱，以便能为你的朋友买一份生日礼物。

3.If children...， they will...

If children go fishing tomorrow， they will have a great time.

如果孩子们明天出去钓鱼，他们会玩得很高兴。

基本语法

1.提出建议：Why don’t you...？ 你为什么不做……呢？

Why don’t you get up earlier this morning？

今天早晨你为什么不早点起床呢？

2.用could，should给出建议：

Maybe you could go to his house.

或许你可以去他家。

You should write him a letter.

你应该给他写一封信。