Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia

高考词汇

pollute   vt.   污染

forecast   vt.   预报;预告

cycle   vi.   骑自行车

recycle   vt.   重新利用;再循环

complain   vi.   抱怨;发牢骚

citizen   n.   公民;市民

strength   n.   力量;力气

pollution   n.   污染

protection   n.   保护

chemical   n.   化学药品

campaign   n.   战役;活动

process   n.   进程;过程

atmosphere   n.   大气;大气层

evidence   n.   根据;证明

mask   n.   面罩

carbon   n.   碳

environment   n.   环境

garbage   n.   废料; 垃圾

frightening   adj.   吓人的;可怕的

mass   adj.   大量的;大规模的

major   adj.   主要的;多数的

coastal   adj.   沿海的

concerned   adj.   关心的;担心的

urgent   adj.   紧急的

scary   adj.   恐怖的; 吓人的

absolutely   adv.   绝对地;完全地

常用短语

cut down   砍倒

be caught in   突然遭遇（风暴等）

one after another   一个接一个地

have a bad effect on   对……有坏影响

take in   吸收

give out   放出;发出

in a nutshell   简言之;概括地讲

look through   浏览

dig up   挖出

protect...from/against...   保护……不受……的侵害

wake up to   认识到;意识到;发觉

拓展词汇

melt   vi.   融化

sandstorm   n.   沙尘暴

dust   n.   沙尘;灰尘

nutshell   n.   坚果壳;简单的一句话

dune   n.   沙丘

desertification   n.（土地的）沙漠化

dioxide   n.   二氧化物

inland   adj.   内地的;内陆的

过渡词汇

aerosol can   气溶胶罐

学习动词不定式的部分用法。

1. 动词不定式在句中的成分：动词不定式属于非限定动词，在句中除了不能作谓语外，可以充当任何成分。

2. 动词不定式的时态主要有：

（1） 一般式（to do）：不定式一般式表示的动作通常发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态之后或同时发生。

Im glad to meet you.

She invited me to attend the meeting.

（2） 进行式（to be doing）：不定式进行式表示的动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

They pretended to be working hard when their boss passed them.

（3） 完成式（to have done）：不定式完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。

He is not likely to have got my letter.

3. 动词不定式语态：当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动形式（to be done， to have been done）。

Id like to be told whats going on.

Nothing is allowed to be taken out of the reading room.

The room was said to have been cleaned.

4. 不带to的动词不定式：在下列情况下，不定式一般都不带to：

（1） 使役动词let，make，have和感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等后作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to。

（2） cannot but， cannot choose but和cannot help but之后的不定式一般都不带to，常翻译为“不得不”。

I cant but admire her courage.

I cant help but love her.

（3） 在连词but之前如有动词do，其后的动词不定式不用to，译为“只……”。

He does nothing but complain.

There is nothing we can do but wait.

词汇短语园地

1. blow  vt. & vi.  吹;吹动;刮

The winds blow across the sea， pushing little waves into bigger and bigger ones.

风吹过海面，把小的波浪推向前进，变成越来越大的波浪。

The wind has blown my hat off.

风把我的帽子刮走了。

blow  n.  打;打击;奇袭;猛攻

give sb a blow on the head  给某人头上一击

2. frightening  adj.  吓人的;可怕的

The frightening noise set her hair on end.

恐怖的声音使她毛骨悚然。

The children put on strange masks and frightening clothes every Halloween.

每一年万圣节，孩子们戴着奇怪的面具，穿着吓人的服装。

frighten  vt.  使惊恐;使害怕

The ghost story frightened the child.

这个鬼怪故事使孩子十分惊恐。

The alarm frightened the burglar away.

警报铃声吓走了窃贼。

frightened  adj.  受惊的;害怕的

Frightened children were calling for their mothers.

受惊的孩子们呼喊着妈妈。

A frightened hedgehog contracts its body into a ball.

一只受惊的刺猬把身体缩成一个球。

3. mass  adj.  大量的;大规模的

We want to promote literacy on a mass scale.

我们想大规模地提高文化水平。

mass  n.  大量;众多

A great mass of snow has fallen off the roof.

从房顶掉下了一大块积雪。

A great mass of people are coming to see the exhibition.

大批人前来参观展览会。

4. process  n.  进程;过程

Producing a dictionary is a slow process.

编写一本字典是一个缓慢的过程。

I started moving the china ornaments but dropped a vase in the process.

我动手搬那些瓷制饰物，但在移动时摔了一只花瓶。

We are in the process of selling our house.

我们正在出售自家的住宅。

5. forecast  vt.  预报;预告

As forecasted， the storm will continue to be weakened when moving to the northwest.

预报显示，在向西北移动过程中，风暴强度将继续减弱。

Experts forecasted a steady rise in the number of tourists.

专家预测游客人数会持续增长。

6. concerned  adj.  关心的;担心的

Concerned parents held a meeting.

忧心忡忡的家长们开了一个会。

（1） be concerned about/ with/ for/ over  担心，关心某事

They are very concerned with lab security.

他们很担心实验室的安全问题。

Parents are naturally concerned for their childrens safety.

父母自然关心他们儿女的安全。

Please dont be concerned about me.

请不要担心我。

He was concerned over his sons financial difficulties.

他担心他儿子的经济困难。

（2） be concerned that...  担心……

She was concerned that she might miss the turning and get lost.

她担心自己会错过转弯的地方而迷路。

（3） be concerned with /in  和……有关;牵涉

I am not concerned with that matter any longer.

我跟那件事不再有关。

He was only indirectly concerned in what took place.

他只是间接与所发生的事有关。

7. major  adj.  主要的;多数的

Popular education is one of the major goals.

普及教育是主要目标之一。

较大的;较多的;主要的;重要的;一流的;主修的

The house needs major repairs.

这幢房子需要大修。

He is a major writer.

他是位大作家。

Her major subject is chemistry.

她的主修科是化学。

8. complain  vi.  抱怨;发牢骚

You have no reason to complain.

你没有理由抱怨。

I have to complain to the manager about it.

对这件事我不得不向经理提意见。

She often complains that he is dishonest.

她常埋怨说他不诚实。

complain about/ of sth  抱怨某事

He complained （to me） about the food.

他（向我）抱怨伙食不佳。

She complained （to me） of his rudeness.

她（跟我）抱怨他的粗鲁。

9. scary  adj.  令人害怕的;引起惊恐的

The volcano in that country broke out. It was scary.

那个国家的火山爆发了，令人特别惊恐。

She put worms， snakes and other scary things into a pot.

她把虫、蛇和其他可怕的东西放到罐子里。

10. cut down  砍倒

Tom has been asked to have the tree cut down.

有人请求汤姆把树砍倒。

削减;缩短

We must cut down our expenses.

我们必须削减费用。

The article is too long and should be cut down by half.

这篇稿子太长，得砍掉一半。

11. be caught in  突然遭遇（风暴等）

We were caught in the storm and got drenched.

我们遇上大雨，全都被浇透了。

陷入;遇到

The frog was caught in the net.

青蛙陷在网里了。

If you take over Doras job， you are sure to be caught in the middle.

如果你接替多拉的工作，你一定会被搞得进退两难。

12. have a bad effect on  对……有坏影响

The rain has had a very bad effect on the crops.

这场雨对农作物有非常不好的影响。

The alcohol had had such a bad effect on him.

酒精对他造成了很坏的影响。

13. take in  吸收

On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there.

周末，史密斯一家常驱车到农村呼吸那里的新鲜空气。

接收;收留;领会;理解;欺骗;订阅;订购;改小（衣服）;瞧;看（见）;拘留;包括;涉及

The poor man had nowhere to live in， so we took him in.

那个可怜的人没地方住，所以我们收留了他。

Please take the washing in， if it rains.

如果下雨，请把洗好的衣服收进来。

Before you translate a sentence， you should first take in the meaning of the words.

动手翻译句子之前，首先要理解单词的含义。

I couldnt take in why you are angry.

我无法理解你为什么生气。

The salesman took in the old people and made them buy their poor-qualified goods.

那个推销员欺骗老人，让他们购买低品质的货物。

Which newspaper do you take in？

你订阅了哪种报纸？

This coat needs to be taken in a bit.

这件大衣要改小些。

His little sister wanted to go with him to take in a movie.

他的小妹妹想跟他一起去看一场电影。

He was taken in because he killed a man on purpose.

他因故意杀人而被拘留。

The tour takes in some famous old castles.

这趟观光旅行包括参观若干著名的古堡。

14. give out  放出;发出

He gave out books.  他分发书本。

The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.

太阳给地球光和热。

用尽;公布

Our food supply gave out.

我们的食物耗尽了。

The news was given out that the king had died.

国王的死讯已经公布。

15. look through  浏览;翻阅（查看）;读（看）一遍

I looked through all the readings he had given me.

我浏览了他给我的所有著作。

Always look through your work before handing it in.

交作业前一定要看一遍。

看穿;透过看

We have looked through the enemys tricks.

我们已识破了敌人的种种花招。

If you look through this special glass， you can see things larger than their actual size.

如果你透过这块特殊玻璃看东西，所见物体要比实物大一些。

16. dig up  挖出;找到;发现

We must dig up those bushes because they are in the way.

我们必须把这些灌木挖掉，因为它们碍事。

The farmers were digging up potatoes.

农民们在挖土豆。

Where did you dig up the fresh evidence？

你从哪儿弄到新证据的？

We should be able to dig up enough money for your ticket.

我们应该能够筹集到足够的钱供你买票。

17. protect...from/against...  保护……不受……的侵害

protect against直接加名词，意为“防范”;protect from 一般用作protect A from B，意为“使A免受B的侵害”。

Villagers planted lots of trees to protect soil from being washed away.

村民们种了许多树防止水土流失。

He is always protecting himself from danger.

他总是保护着自己免受侵害。

He is always protecting against others.

他总是防范着别人。

protection  n.  保护;防御

The hat will give protection against the sun.

这顶帽子可遮阳。

under the protection of  在……的保护下

The chicks are under the protection of the hen.

小鸡们有母鸡的保护。

18. wake up to  认识到;意识到;发觉

They should wake up to the danger they are in.

他们应该意识到处境的危险。

We must wake up to the fact that this kind of animal is in danger of dying out.

我们必须意识到这一事实，那就是这种动物正面临灭绝的危险。

跟踪导练（一）

阅读理解

The first people who gave names to hurricanes were those — the people of Puerto Rico （波多黎各）. The small island of Puerto Rico is in the West India， off the coast of Florida. This is all the hurricanes begin that strike the east of the United States. The people of Puerto Rico expect some of these unwelcome visitors every year. Each one is named after the Saints （圣者） day on which it arrives. Two of the most serious storms were the Santa Aha in 1925 and the San Ciriaca in 1899.

Giving girls names to hurricanes is a fairly new idea. It all began with a story called “storm” written by George Steward in 1941. In it a weatherman enjoyed himself by naming storms after the girls he knew. He named one Maria. The story describes how Maria grew and developed， and how she changed the lives of people when she struck the United States. Weathermen of the US Army and Navy named the hurricanes after womens names during World War II. One of their duties was to warn American ships and planes when a storm was coming. Whenever they detected （探测） one， they gave it a girls name. The first one was given a name beginning with A. The second one was given a name beginning with B. They used all the letters from A to W. This was the first list of hurricane names that followed the alphabet.

1. Where do all the hurricanes striking the east of the US come from？

A. The United States. B. Florida.

C. Puerto Rico. D. India.

2. Who first gave hurricanes girls names？

A. A weatherman. B. The writer of the passage.

C. George Steward. D. The people of Puerto Rico.

3. Which was the earliest hurricane with a girls name？

A. Maria.

B. Santa Aha.

C. San Ciriaca.

D. The US Army and Navy.

4. Why did the weathermen name the hurricanes by the alphabet？

A. To show the order of the hurricanes.

B. To judge which of the hurricanes was the strongest.

C. To celebrate their success in stopping the hurricanes.

D. To warn the ships and the planes of the arrival of the hurricanes.

选词填空

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

blow experience sandstorm mass inland

forecast campaign process citizen damage

1. The teacher ____ that twenty of his pupils would pass the examination.

2. ____ unemployment may lead to social problems.

3. The city hall is planning to start a（n） ____ against smoking.

4. Im afraid that getting things changed will be a slow ____ .

5. Are you a（n） ____ of the Peoples Republic of China？

6. A（n） ____ kicked up while we drove through the desert.

7. We left the coast and travelled ____ to Cambridge.

8. People get tired of a man who is always____ his horn.

句子翻译

1. 他妻子建议他把烟戒了，但他不肯。

2. 炎热的天气一直持续到了九月底。

3. 这位老人头痛，这使他走路很困难。

4. 天气太热了，男孩们相继跳进河里。

单项选择

1. No one can prevent the plans ___ out.

A. to be carried B. from being carried

C. not to carry D. from carrying

2. Some animals have the ___ to see in the dark.

A. power B. energy

C. strength D. force

3. — Do you  still remember the earthquake？

— Yes. I have experienced nothing ___

A. but frightened B. more frightening

C. more frightened D. but frightening

4. The writer will let me have a copy of his new book as soon as it ___ .

A. comes out B. puts out

C. gives out D. goes out

5. The business of doctors is to ___ and cure disease.

A. protect B. stop

C. prevent D. defend

6. The ___ child began to cry after he saw a ___ movie.

A. frightening; frightening B. frightening; frightened

C. frightened; frightened D. frightened; frightening

7. Jack no longer ___ a beard.

A. wears B. dresses

C. has on D. puts on

8. I have hardly enough strength ___ to move my feet.

A. leaving B. leave

C. left D. to leave

9. You are always full of ___ .Can you tell me the secret？

A. power B. strength

C. force D. energy

10. — My room gets very cold at night.

— ___ .

A. So is mine B. So mine is

C. So does mine D. So mine does

跟踪导练（二）

选词填空

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

cycle strength eruption exchange dust

environment melt atmosphere frighten recycle

1. If you heat ice， it ____ .

2. The increasing ____ of the wind makes the bay far too dangerous.

3. We should spare no effort to beautify our ____ .

4. How do you react when you see something ____ ， such as a fire？

5. ____ of rubbish costs money and requires special equipment， but it is environmentally friendly.

6. The ____ was blown about all over the sky by the wind.

7. He caused his parents great anxiety by ____ long distances alone.

8. He is fond of the ____ of peace and calm in the country.

句子翻译

1. 她的病对她的工作有很大影响。

2. 动物通过饮水摄取水分。

3. 教这三个孩子是今天下午我的工作。

4. 你有什么东西（让别人）带给你儿子吗？

单项选择

1. The teacher told them ___ make so much noise.

A. dont B. not

C. will not D. not to

2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street， but his mother told him ___ .

A. not to B. not to do

C. not do it D. do not to

3. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.

A. never to drive B. to never drive

C. never driving D. never drive

4. They will not allow him ___ across the enemy line.

A. to risk going B. risking to go

C. to risk to go D. risking going

5. Though he had often made his little sister ___ ， today he was made ___ by his little sister.

A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying

C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry

6. — I usually go there by train.

— Why not ___ by boat for a change？

A. to try going B. try to go

C. to try to go D. try going

7. His homework needs ___ ， but it ___ .

A. correcting; neednt write

B. correct; doesnt need write

C. to correct; neednt to be rewritten

D. to be corrected; neednt be rewritten

8. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly ___ .

A. situation B. atmosphere

C. environment D. process

9. You are ___ kind to me.

A. so much B. very much

C. too much D. much too

10. The chair looks rather hard， but in fact it is very comfortable to ___ .

A. sit B. sit on

C. be sat D. be sat on

完形填空

One night， when I was eight， my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. “Sweetie， my company wants to promote （提升） me;    1   ， it needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling that youve done    2    and allowing you to skip a grade （跳级）， but youll have to    3    your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher？” She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me    4    for the rest of the night. I had said “yes” but for the first time， I realized it was a    5    decision adults had to make.

For almost four years， my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening Id    6    wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call， however， could never    7    her love and it was difficult not to feel    8    at times.

During my fourth-grade Christmas break， we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large    9    apartment， I realized how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. It was then that I started to    10    the tough choices she had to make on    11    family and work. Faced with difficult decisions， she used to tell me， you wouldnt know whether you make the right choice or not，    12    you could always    13    the best out of the situation， with passion and a positive attitude.

Back home， I    14    myself that what my mother could do， I could， too. If she    15    to live in Rio all by herself， I， too， could learn to be    16   . I learn how to take care of myself and set high but achievable    17   .

My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the    18    has really taught me. Sacrifices （牺牲）    19    in the end. The separation between us has proved to be a    20    for me.

1. A. besides B. however C. otherwise D. therefore

2. A. little B. much C. well D. wrong

3. A. leave B. refuse C. contact D. forgive

4. A. studying B. sleeping C. wondering D. regretting

5. A. poor B. stupid C. wise D. difficult

6. A. anxiously B. politely C. seriously D. curiously

7. A. connect B. replace C. spread D. understand

8. A. hopeful B. lonely C. silly D. sorry

9. A. comfortable B. private C. empty D. modern

10. A. appreciate B. receive C. recall D. forget

11. A. loving B. balancing C. comparing D. mixing

12. A. and B. so C. but D. unless

13. A. make B. take C. put D. use

14. A. required B. doubted C. warned D. reminded

15. A. managed B. offered C. attempted D. expected

16. A. grateful B. free C. independent D. successful

17. A. examples B. limits C. rules D. goals

18. A. journey B. experience C. history D. teacher

19. A. paid off B. came back C. went up D. turned up

20. A. treasure B. gathering C. failure D. pleasure

跟踪导练（三）

选词填空

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

garbage pollution strike coast urgent

effect concerned evidence major measure

1. The number of fish in ____ waters has decreased.

2. She felt very ____ for the childs safety.

3. Give me one piece of hard ____ .

4. His ____ views are contained in the works.

5. Its not ____ . We can do it next week or whenever.

6. Please dont leave your ____ in the hallway， will you？ Its attracting flies.

7. In recent times， ____ has gone from bad to worse all over the world.

8. Coal mines are ugly， and their development has a serious ____ on animal and plant life.

句子翻译

1. 冬天，熊除了躺下睡觉什么也不干。

2. 我们目前除了等待别无选择。

3. 另一方面，他不禁为自己的成功感到自豪。

4. 爱或被爱是人生的最大的幸福。

单项选择

1. — Im afraid that I cant finish the task as soon as planned.

— ___ .

A. Dont be afraid B. Dont mention it

C. Its scary D. Take your time

2. ___ his advice I am staying in bed.

A. Under B. On

C. With D. By

3. The meeting was concerned ___ the global warming， but every leader was concerned ___ interests of his own country.

A. about; with B. with; about

C. over; about D. for; in

4. They couldnt help but ___ when they ran out of their food.

A. go hungry B. to go hungry

C. to go hungrily D. go hungrily

5. Dont take the medicine. It cant help ___ rid of your cold.

A. to get B. getting

C. got D. to getting

6. They are looking forward with hope ___ from you soon.

A. of hearing B. to hearing

C. hearing D. to hear

7. — Will you have anybody ___ the flowers？

— Yes， Ill have the flowers ___ .

A. plant; planted B. to plant; planted

C. plant; to be planted D. to plant; plant

8. The problem is ___ difficult for us ___ .

A. so; to work it out B. very too; to work it out

C. rather too; to work out D. quite too; to work out

9. Dont be ___ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.

A. taken in B. taken away

C. taken out D. taken off

10. Taking too much exercise may ___ your health.That is to say， some kind of exercise will have a bad ___ on you.

A. effect; affect B. effect; effect

C. affect; affect D. affect; effect

阅读表达（阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。）

There was once a man called Mr Flowers， and flowers were his only joy in life. He spent all his free time in his four glass- houses and grow flowers of every color， with long and difficult names， for competitions. He tried to grow a rose of a new color to win the cup for the Rose of the Year.

Mr Flowers glass houses were very near to a middle school. Boys of around thirteen years old were often tempted （引诱） to throw a stone or two at one of Mr Flowers glass houses. So Mr Flowers did his best to be in or near his glass houses at the beginning and end of the school day.

But it was not always possible to keep watch. Mr Flowers had tried many ways to protect his glass， but anything that he had done had not been useful. He had been to school to report to the headmaster， but this had not done any good. He had tried to drive away the boys， but the boys ran faster than he could， and they laughed at him from far away. He had even picked up all the stones that he could find around his garden so that the boys would have nothing to throw， but they soon found others.

At last， Mr Flowers came up with a good idea. He put up a large notice made of good and strong wood some meters away from the glass houses. On it he had written the words： DO NOT THROW STONES AT THIS NOTICE. After that， Mr Flowers had no further trouble. The boys were much more tempted to throw stones at the notice than at the glass houses.

1. Whats Mr Flowerss purpose of trying to grow a rose of a new color？ （no more than 10 words）

2. What were the boys nearby tempted to do？ （no more than 10 words）

3. When did Mr Flowers stay in or near his glass houses？ （no more than 10 words）

4. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us？ （no more than 10 words）

5. Why did Mr Flowers put up the wooden notice？ （no more than 10 words）

跟踪导练（四）

阅读理解

We often hear the phrase： “Youve a greater chance of being struck by lightning.” It is used to describe something that hasnt got much chance of happening. However， the common saying undermines （掩盖） the very real dangers of lightning. Last Friday， at least 5 people were killed by lightning in Nepal. Lightning strikes are the second most common cause of deaths during natural disasters in the US. The first is floods. Around 400 people nationwide are struck by lightning each year， and of those 73 people die. That means more people are killed by lightning than by tornadoes and hurricanes. Because lightning kills only one or two people at a time， its danger does not receive as much attention as other disasters.

So to raise awareness， the US has made June 22 to 28 National Lightning Safety Week. It aims to warn the public of the dangers of lightning and provide safety tips during thunderstorms. “If you hear thunder， you are in danger from lightning，” said Rocky Lopes， a disaster educator at the American Red Cross. “Thunder means that lightning is close enough to hit you at any minute， so you should move indoors immediately and stay there until after the storm has ended. The single most important thing to remember is to seek hiding place，” Lopes said.

Summer is the high time for lightning storms， so when lightning strikes across the sky， remember these safety tips：

Stop working， fishing， swimming or playing in open fields.

If you can count less than ten seconds between a thunder and a lightning flash， take cover inside the nearest building.

Do not stand under a tree.

Get off bicycles or motorcycles.

Crouch down （蹲下） if there is no hiding place.

Avoid open spaces， wire fences， metal objects and electrical objects such as hair driers.

1. Whats the popular opinion about being struck by lightning？

A. It is impossible for people to be killed by lightning.

B. It is the most dangerous among all the natural disasters.

C. The chance for a person to be struck by lightning is very small.

D. There is a greater chance for being killed by lightning than any other natural disaster.

2. The average death rate of being struck by lightning in the US is about ___ .

A. 18% B. 50%

C. 30% D. 73%

3. Whats the safety tip when you hear thunder outside？

A. Take away the hair drier.

B. Quickly find a place to go inside.

C. Just stand by your bicycles and motorcycles.

D. Count ten seconds between a thunder and a lightning.

4. Which of the following statements is true？

A. There are on average 5 persons killed by lightening in Nepal each day.

B. The National Lightning Safety Week is made to warn the public of lightning.

C. The death rate of being stuck by lightning is much higher than by other natural disasters.

D. There are more people killed by tornadoes and hurricanes than by lightning in the US each year.

选词填空

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

environment pollute complain scary possibility

absolutely collect protection survive similarity

1. The atmosphere of the city is much ____ .

2. They ____ that the price of books had increased.

3. Winter storms are very ____ under the sea.

4. Its difficult to cross the desert by car， but not ____ impossible.

5. The shady trees provide ____ against the burning rays of the sun.

6. The bus conductor ____ money from the passengers.

7. This ____ effect of this new factory could be disastrous.

8. One letter that has ____ through the years was written by Eleanor to Hick.

句子翻译

1. 在冬天寒冷的白天和夜晚，火发出光和热。

2. 他在写报告前把笔记浏览了一遍。

3. 据我了解，他的那部书还没有出版。

4. 昨晚我去电影院看了一部吓人的电影，太可怕了！

单项选择

1. The river has become clean again as new measures are ___ to prevent it ___ .

A. taken; from polluting B. taken; from being polluted

C. taking; being polluted D. taking; to be polluted

2. It s up to you now to ___ the family business.

A. look over B. look out

C. look through D. look after

3. Two boys will go to the zoo， and ___ will all stay at home.

A. the other B. the others

C. other D. others

4. — Shall I give you a concert ticket？

— ___ . I like music very much.

A. Of course you can B. It couldnt be better

C. If you like D. Its up to you

5. You must get the work ___ today.

A. finished B. be finished

C. to be finished D. finish

6. Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears ___ everything.

A. to tell B. to be told

C. to be telling D. to have been told

7. — Can I smoke here？

— Sorry. We dont allow ___ here.

A. smoking B. to smoke

C. people smoking D. people smoke

8. Lao Wang was sent to the hospital. I had to ___ his work.

A. take away B. take on

C. take up D. take over

9. — Where should I ___ my application？

— The personnel office is the place ___ .

A. send; to send it B. send for; to send it to

C. send for; to send it D. send; to send it to

10. The play ___ next month aims mainly to show the local culture.

A. be produced B. being produced

C. to be produced D. having been produced

Dust Storms

沙尘暴

At first glance， dust storms do not seem very fascinating. Winds pick up fine particles from the ground， and then the air becomes thick with dust. What is interesting， though， is that dust storms can travel across the ocean， sometimes from continent to continent. Such dust storms are worth investigating.

乍看之下，沙尘暴似乎不怎么引人注意。地面的细沙被风卷起，空气中便充满厚厚的灰尘。但有趣的是，沙尘暴能穿洋渡海，有时还能横越大洲。这样的沙尘暴值得我们去好好研究一下。

In April 2012， a dust storm that originated in China and Mongolia took a six-day journey across more than ten thousand kilometers of sea and open land to Arizona in the United States. The cloud was so dense that it seemed as if the sun were setting early. At least one person thought a volcano had erupted.

2012年四月，源自中国大陆及蒙古内陆的沙尘暴，在六天中跨越了一万多公里的海洋与空旷陆地，最后到达美国亚利桑那州。阴云密布，就像太阳将提早下山，有人居然以为是火山爆发了。

Although traveling dust storms are nothing new， the dust now often contains chemical or metallic substances that contribute to respiratory illnesses and damage the environment. At present， a group of researchers in Asia is studying aerosol particles and their effects on the environment—and they have plenty of dust to work with.

虽然移动的沙尘暴没什么稀奇，但现在那些沙尘通常含有引起呼吸道疾病和破坏环境的化学或金属物质。现在，亚洲有一批研究人员正在研究悬浮颗粒及其对环境的影响。他们要研究的沙尘可多着呢！

Dust storms are one of the repercussions of humans messing around with Mother Nature. Although they are a natural phenomenon， dust storms have been occurring more often， at shorter intervals， and with greater force in recent years， and human activity is the cause.

沙尘暴就是人类任意破坏大自然所造成的后果之一。沙尘暴虽是自然现象，但是近年来发生的频率却逐渐增加，间隔的时间也愈来愈短，破坏力更强大了。人类的活动是罪魁祸首。

It is a fact that excessive herding of animals and exploitation of grasslands are responsible for the majority of dust storms. This means that dust storms are largely a result of human actions; in other words， they are controllable.

事实上，沙尘暴形成的主要原因是过度放牧及滥垦草原，这表明沙尘暴大多是人类活动所致，也就是说，它们是可加以控制的。

We seem to think， however， that economic development and preservation of the environment cannot go hand in hand. For most countries， economic development comes first， at the expense of the environment. It is high time everyone came to grips with the consequences of overusing the earths resources， including the misuse of land in the pursuit of economic wealth.

不过，我们似乎认为经济发展与环境保护无法同时兼顾。对大部分国家来说，经济发展是第一位的，为此可以不惜以牺牲环境为代价。然而，我们已过度使用了地球的资源，包括为了追求经济繁荣而滥用的土地，如今该是我们认真面对这个后果的时候了。