Effects of Nutrient Synergist on the Yield and Quality of Sweet Corn

Kangfei XIAO,Lei DU,Lihong ZHANG,Lixia YE,Mihong GE

Wuhan Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430345,China

Effects of Nutrient Synergist on the Yield and Quality of Sweet Corn

Kangfei XIAO,Lei DU,Lihong ZHANG,Lixia YE,Mihong GE*

Wuhan Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430345,China

[Objective]The effect of nutrition synergist was evaluated.[Method]The experiment was conducted to study the effect of nutrient synergist on the yield and quality of sweet corn as tested material.[Result]The result showed that during jointing stage,CropbiolifeTM nutrient synergist could increase the content of chlorophyll and total nitrogen in the leaves of sweet corn by 8.45%and 4.22%,respectively;Compared with control,at harvest time the contents of VCsoluble protein, crude protein in sweet corn fruits were raised by 15.68%,8.45%,and 4.22%,respectively,and yield of sweet corn also increased by 12.89%.[Conclusion]The nutrient synergist can improve the corn yield and quality.

Nutrient synergist;Sweet corn;Yield;Quality

N utrient synergists are special lixivia of water-soluble polymer,containing humic acid, natural surfactant and natural enzyme. The researches are few on nutrient synergist in China[1-2]and unavailable on its application in agriculture.In contrast,most focus on the use of fertilizer additives in improving fertilizer use rate[3-6].It is researched that nutrient synergist would effectively reduce the waste of fertilizer and effects of excessive fertilization on environment, improving crop’s absorption on nutrients.Kang et al.[7]explored that the application of nutrient synergist during seedling stage of tomato would significantly improve seedling quality,intensify root activity,enhance chlorophyll content,increase contents of Vc and soluble sugar,and reduce organic acid and nitrate.

CropbiolifeTMis a nutrient synergist applied in agriculture,developed by Australian Environmental Protection S&T Co.,Ltd and University of Michigan.It has been used in crops, such as tomato,pear,strawberry, grape,wheat,and soybean and the results show that it would advance crop’s absorption on nutrients,reduce disease or insect damages,increase yield and improve quality.Nevertheless,the research is unavailable in China on the application in China. Therefore,it is necessary to conduct further measurements on its effectiveness in order to promote effective production of agriculture.The research analyzed the effects of CropbiolifeTMon yield and quality of sweet corn in Wuhan,providing references for evaluation of the effects and practical application in China.

Materials and Methods

Test materials

Shizhen,a variety of sweet corn, was used in the test,provided by Wuhan Vegetable Research Institute; CropbiolifeTMwas provided by Australian Environmental Protection S&T Co.,Ltd;organic fertilizer,compound fertilizer(45%)and water-soluble fertilizer(20-10-20)and hyperkalemic water-soluble fertilizer(17-9-34)were provided by Wuhan Hope-field Technology Development Co.,Ltd.

Test soils

The test was carried out in northern park of Wuhan Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhu Agricultural Ecological Park,Huangpi District, Wuhan City and the previous crop was

Cultivation and management

In soil preparation,base fertilizers should be applied,including organic fertilizer at 4 500 kg and 45%compound fertilizer at 30 kg.Then, seedlings were cultivation by Wuhan Weierfu Biological Technology Co., Ltd.,on July 21,2013 and planted on August 7,with a spacing of 1 m and 15 cm,as row to row and plant to plant distance.It is notable that 52 500 seedlings were transplanted per hectare.Furthermore,seedlings should be supplied on time if accidents occur,such as broken seedlings or seedling shortage.In the whole growth term,seedlings should be well irrigated and fertilized,including twice weeding. Additionally,water-soluble fertilizers (20-10-20)wre applied in holes at 300 kg/hm2and hyperkalemic watersoluble fertilizer(17-9-34)was applied at 450 kg/hm2.Sweet corn was harvested in middle November.

Test design

The test included two treatments. Specifically,in treatment 1(T1),CropbiolifeTM was sprayed in combination with water(258 ml:100 L)and water was sprayed in treatment 2(T2).Every treatment area was 667 m2,without repetition.Subsequently,corns were irrigated once in 6th-7thleaf stage as per CropbiolifeTM use method.

Measurement method and data analysis

Functional leaves were cut in jointing stage to measure the contents of total N,total P and chlorophyll and the number of aphids on corn were measured based on 30 chosen plants. In harvesting period,30 corns were selected to measure the quality of corn, involving crude protein,crude fat,soluble sugar,soluble protein,lysine,and Vc,and sweetness was evaluated, accordingly.Simultaneously,100 corns were selected randomly to compared commercial characters and yields of corns to measure the number of leaf,the length of ear,the number of ear,fresh weight of hundred kernels, and yield.The nutrient and physiological and biochemical indices were measured as per Physiology Biochemistry Experiment Theory and Technology of Plant[8]and data were processed by Excel.

Results and Analysis

Effects of nutrient synergists on nutrient accumulation of corn leaf

In jointing stage,total N,total P and chlorophyll were explored and the number of aphid on corn was measured.As shown in Table 1,indices in T1 performed generally higher compared with T2,of which total N and chlorophyll increased by 6.99%and 7.19%respectively.These indicated that total N,total P and chlorophyll contents of corn leaf would be increased by CropbiolifeTM which actually promotes corn absorption on P and N.Xin et al.[9]analyzed the relationship between fertilizer and aphid propagation,which suggested that the effects of N fertilizers on changes of free amino acid and soluble sugar and effects on propagation of aphid.The research proved that the number of aphid per plant increased by 30 by applying Cropbiolife TM compared with T2.

Effects of nutrient synergist on quality of sweet corn

Some sweet corns were harvested on November 12thto measure quality index.As shown in Table 2,with taste the same,quality indices of sweet corn in T1 were generally higher compared with T2,of which Vc content dominated,reaching 15.68%,followed by soluble protein and crude protein, increasing by 8.45%and 4.22%. These suggested that CropbiolifeTM would enhance the contents of Vc, soluble protein,and crude protein of sweet corn,improving sweet corn quality.Besides,sweet corn in the treatments with CropbiolifeTMand water showed little differences in soluble water,which coincides with the same sweetness of sweet corn.

Effects of nutrient synergist on agronomic characters and yield

It can be concluded from Table 3 that in T1,the number of leaf,the length of ear,and the number of ear per row,fresh and dry weights of hundred-kernel were all higher compared with T2.Specifically,fresh weight of hundred kernel and the number of leaf grew significantly by 7.77%and 4.60%;the weight of fresh maize in T1 was higher compared with T2,increasing by 12.89%.These indicated that CropbiolifeTMenhanced the number of leaf,fresh weight of hundredkernel and the weight of maize.Based on the apparent characters of maize inT1 and T2,kernels of T1 were well arranged and kernels grew fully.It can be concluded that the yields of sweet corn applied with CropbiolifeTMreached 23 037 kg/hm2and 20 407.5 kg/hm2in control group.Hence,it is obvious that CropbiolifeTM improves commercial characters of sweet corn and increases yield.

Table 1The content of nutrient and aphid damages of corn leaf in different treatments

Table 2Effects of treatments on sweet corn quality

Table 3Comparisons of agronomic characters and yield of sweet corn in harvesting period in different treatments

Conclusions

Currently,it is believed that nutrient synergists are a kind of nutrition additive excluding living microorganisms,reinforcing use rate and healthcare of nutrients and enhancing functions of the nutrient components in living body[2].

The research explored the effects of CropbiolifeTMon yield and quality of sweet corn and it is concluded that CropbiolifeTMincreases chlorophyll, total N and total P contents in leaves of sweet corn,which promotes nitrogen absorption on sweet corns,and decomposition and transformation of N fertilizers.Meanwhile,it improves quality of sweet corn,and increases contents of soluble protein and crude protein,so that commercial value of maize is growing accordingly.It is notable that the application of CropbiolifeTMactually increases the number of aphid as yield and quality of maize grow,which requires further exploration.

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Responsible editor:Xiaoxue WANG

Responsible proofreader:Xiaoyan WU

营养增效剂对甜玉米产量、品质的影响

肖康飞，杜雷，张利红，叶莉霞，葛米红*
（武汉市农业科学研究所，湖北武汉430345）

［目的］评价CropbiolifeTM营养增效剂的作用效果。［方法］该试验以甜玉米为试验对象，研究CropbiolifeTM营养增效剂对甜玉米产量和品质的影响。［结果］喷施CropbiolifeTM后明显提高了拔节期甜玉米叶片中总氮和叶绿素的含量，较对照分别增加6.99%和7.19%；收获期甜玉米果实中VC、可溶性蛋白、粗蛋白较对照分别提高了15.68%，8.45%和4.22%。［结论］该营养增效剂可提高玉米产量，并改善品质。

营养增效剂；甜玉米；产量；品质cauliflower.The test soils were moisture soils,containing organic matter of 9.98 g/kg,total N of 1.31 g/kg,available P(P2O5)of 35.3 mg/kg,and available K(K2O)of 147 g/kg,with pH(1∶1 H2O)of 7.3.

肖康飞（1974-），男，湖北武汉人，农艺师，从事农业新技术的应用与推广工作。*通讯作者，农艺师，硕士，从事农业固体废弃物与微生物资源综合利用研究，E-mail：gmh917@126.com。

2015-04-03

修回日期 2015-05-14

*Corresponding author.E-mail:gmh917@126.com

Received:April 3,2015 Accepted:May 14,2015