APP下载

自然杀伤T细胞在髋关节骨关节炎的表达与临床意义

2014-11-15苏晓恩等

中外医疗 2014年17期
关键词:干扰素骨关节炎细胞因子

苏晓恩等

[摘要] 目的 探讨自然杀伤T细胞(NKT)在髋关节骨关节炎(HO)患者的表达与临床意义。 方法 收集45例HO患者外周血,采用流式细胞术检测其内NKT及其胞内细胞因子γ干扰素(IFN-γ)及白介素4(IL-4)的含量。并与45例类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者进行对比。结果 与健康对照组比较,RA及HO组患者NKT及IFN-γ均显著降低差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在IL-4的比较方面,RA组显著低于对照组,但HO组IL-4与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.098)。治疗后RA及HO组NKT、IFN-γ及IL-4均较治疗前不同程度上升,均以HO回升幅度明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但治疗后RA组IFN-γ频率较前无统计学变化,而HO组较治疗前明显上升,且HO组IFN-γ频率明显高于RA组(P=0.006)。结论 NKT在HO免疫机制当中起到重要作用,其细胞因子IL-10在HO与RA的鉴别起到重要作用,且IFN-γ与疗效密切相关。

[关键词] 骨关节炎;自然杀伤T细胞;细胞因子;γ干扰素

[中图分类号] R684.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2014)06(b)-0025-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of natural killer T cells (NKT) in patients with hip osteoarthritis(HO). Methods The peripheral blood of 45 patients with HO was collected. Flow cytometry was used to detect the content of NKT and intracellular cytokine gamma interferon(IFN-γ) and interleukin 4(IL-4), and compared with 45 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Results Compared with the healthy controls, NKT and IFN-γ of the patients in RA group and HO group were significantly lower(P<0.05); in terms of IL-4, compared with the control group, the IL-4 of RA group was lower, but the difference in IL-4 between HO group and control group was not statistically significant(P=0.098). After the treatment, the level of NKT, IFN-gamma and IL-4 of RA group and HO group increased at different levels as compared with those before treatment, and those of HO group increased significantly(P<0.05); IFN-gamma frequency of RA group after treatment showed no statistically change as compared with that before treatment, but that of HO group increased significantly compared with that before treatment, and IFN-gamma frequency of HO group was obviously higher than that of RA group(P=0.006). Conclusion The NKT play an important role in the HO immunity mechanism, the cytokine IL-10 plays an important role in differentiating HO and RA, and is closely related to the curative effect of IFN-gamma.

[Key words] Osteoarthritis; Natural killer T cells; Cytokines; Gamma interferon

目前国外研究发现免疫异常是骨关节炎(Osteoarthritis, OA)病情进展的重要机制[1]。国内外研究已发现具有自然杀伤细胞(NK)和T细胞(TC)双重活性的自然杀伤T细胞(NKT)在类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者表达减少,是RA病情加重的重要免疫因素[2]。为探讨自然杀伤T细胞(NKT)在髋关节骨关节炎(HO)患者的表达与临床意义,该研究选取2011年1月—2013年6月该院骨科就诊的45例HO患者为研究对象,推测NKT可能在OA的发病机制起到重要作用。该研究通过流式细胞术观察髋关节骨关节炎(HO) 患者外周血NKT及其胞内细胞因子γ干扰素(IFN-γ)及白介素4(IL-4)的含量,发现其呈一定的特征性变化,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取该院骨科就诊的45例HO患者股骨头作为观察组,同时排除类风湿性关节炎、痛风等其他疾病[3]。另外选取同期就诊的RA患者45例作为对照组。其中HO组男性31例,女性14例,年龄(55.3±10.8)岁;RA组男33例,女12例,年龄(53.7±11.9)岁;并选取同期到院体检的健康志愿者40名作为参考,男20例,女10例,年龄(51.6±10.7)岁。endprint

1.2 标本采集与治疗

清晨空腹抽取以上3组的静脉血约5 mL。采用NSAID类抗炎药对HO及RA组患者进行治疗,4周后再次采集外周血[4]。以上标本均抗凝保存于4℃冰箱内待测。

1.3 流式细胞术

CD3、CD16、CD56、IFN-γ及IL-4细胞因子抗体均购自南京建成生物工程研究所。多色流式细胞术为Beckman产品。将以上3组外周血抗凝标本采用流式细胞仪检测NKT、IFN-γ及IL-4的频率[5]。

1.4 统计方法

计量资料采用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,采用两独立样本t检验比较两组间的差异,运用配对t检验比较治疗前后的指标变化,计数资料采用χ2分析LSD法进行3组间的两两比较,使用统计软件包SPSS 13.0分析数据。

2 结果

2.1 3组的NKT及其细胞因子比较

与健康组比较,RA及HO组患者NKT及IFN-γ均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在IL-4的比较方面,RA组显著低于对照组,但HO组IL-4与对照组差异无统计学意义(P-0.098),见表1、图1。

2.2 治疗前后NKT及其细胞因子的变化情况

治疗后RA及HO组NKT、IFN-γ及IL-4均较治疗前不同程度上升,均以HO回升幅度明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但治疗后RA组IFN-γ频率较前无统计学变化,而HO组较治疗前明显上升,且HO组IFN-γ频率明显高于RA组(P=0.006),见表2。

3 讨论

骨关节炎(Osteoarthritis,OA)是一种临床常见慢性关节疾病,其发病率随着着社会的老龄化而增高。来自Yoshiga等[6]的流行病学调查显示OA在女性患病率中占第四位,在男性患病率中占第八位;其中60~70岁的老年人的OA患病率约为60%,70岁以上的老年人的OA患病率约为70%,其病理改变主要是关节软骨滑膜增生、关节囊挛缩,软骨面破坏、软骨下骨囊性改变、关节边缘骨赘形成、肌萎缩、韧带松弛等及肌肉萎缩无力等。最近Liu等[7]报道OA累及髋关节的发病率越来越高,可能与该关节的骨质疏松病理学基础有关,因此该研究选择髋关节骨关节炎(HO)作为观察对象。

Lfgren等[8]的研究发现,HO的发病机制与免疫因素的异常密不可分,尤其与T细胞更为相关。Jung等[9]发现,由CD4+及CD8+T细胞功能障碍介导的细胞免疫异常在OA的软骨破坏过程起到至关重要作用。因此T细胞的异常是近年OA机制的免疫学研究热点。自然杀伤T细胞(NKT),是一种免疫调节细胞,同时表达T细胞标志性的CD3分子,又表达NK细胞的CD16及CD56分子,从而具备自然杀伤细胞(NK)和T细胞(TC)双重免疫活性。NKT细胞可在抗原刺激下体外大量扩增,呈TH0样细胞因子分泌,激活后可以产生IFN-γ(属于Th1细胞因子,介导细胞免疫)及IL-4(属于Th2细胞因子,介导体液免疫)等细胞因子,并具有细胞毒性作用[10]。Jacques等[11]报道在类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者表达减少,是RA病情加重的重要免疫因素。综合上述研究背景,推测OA的发病机制与病情进展可能与NKT密切相关。

该研究结果提示:RA及HO组患者NKT及IFN-γ均显著低于健康志愿者;但IL-4的情况有所不同——仅RA组显著低于健康组,但HO组IL-4与对照组无统计学差异,这说明IL-4对于HO与RA的鉴别诊断有价值。从治疗后的变化看,RA及HO组NKT、IFN-γ及IL-4均较治疗前不同程度上升,仍以HO回升幅度明显;但治疗后RA组IFN-γ频率较前无统计学变化,而HO组IFN-γ较治疗前明显上升,且HO组IFN-γ频率明显高于RA组,这与Miellot-Gafsou等[12]的结果相一致。以上说明一个更为重要的现象:IFN-γ对于评价HO的病情进展与预后更有价值,因此具有重要的临床意义。

通过该研究,NKT在HO的发病机制当中起到重要的免疫调节作用,其活性降低是一个重要环节,治疗后NKT及IFN-γ含量的上升从而病情恢复,是HO的重要免疫调节治疗依据。

[参考文献]

[1] Simoni Y, Diana J, Ghazarian L, et al. Therapeutic manipulation of natural killer (NK) T cells in autoimmunity: are we close to reality[J]. Clin Exp Immunol,2013,171(1):8-19.

[2] Lee SJ, Cho YN, Kim TJ, et al. Natural killer T cell deficiency in active adult-onset Still's Disease: correlation of deficiency of natural killer T cells with dysfunction of natural killer cells[J]. Arthritis Rheum,2012,64(9):2868-2877.

[3] Bosma A, Abdel-Gadir A, Isenberg DA, et al. Lipid-antigen presentation by CD1d(+) B cells is essential for the maintenance of invariant natural killer T cells[J].. Immunity,2012,36(3):477-490.

[4] Watters RJ, Liu X, Loughran TP Jr.T-cell and natural killer-cell 5large granular lymphocyte leukemia neoplasias[J].Leuk Lymphoma,2011, 52(12):2217-2225.endprint

[5] de Menthon M, Lambert M, Guiard E, et al. Excessive interleukin-15 transpresentation endows NKG2D+CD4+ T cells with innate-like capacity to lyse vascular endothelium in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's)[J].Arthritis Rheum,2011,63(7):2116-2126.

[6] Yoshiga Y, Goto D, Segawa S, et al. Activation of natural killer T cells by α-carba-GalCer (RCAI-56), a novel synthetic glycolipid ligand, suppresses murine collagen-induced arthritis[J].Clin Exp Immunol,2011,164(2):236-247.

[7] Liu Y, Shu Q, Gao L, et al. Increased Tim-3 expression on peripheral lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis negatively correlates with disease activity[J].Clin Immunol,2010,137(2):288-295.

[8] Lfgren SE, Delgado-Vega AM, Gallant CJ, et al. A 3'-untranslated region variant is associated with impaired expression of CD226 in T and natural killer T cells and is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus[J].Arthritis Rheum,2010,62(11):3404-3414.

[9] Jung S, Park YK, Shin JH, et al. The requirement of natural killer T-cells in tolerogenic APCs-mediated suppression of collagen-induced arthritis[J].Exp Mol Med,2010,42(8):547-554.

[10] Tudhope SJ, von Delwig A, Falconer J, et al. Profound invariant natural killer T-cell deficiency in inflammatory arthritis[J].Ann Rheum Dis,2010,69(10):1873-1879.

[11] Jacques P, Venken K, Van Beneden K, et al. Invariant natural killer T cells are natural regulators of murine spondylarthritis[J].Arthritis Rheum,2010,62(4):988-999.

[12] Miellot-Gafsou A, Biton J, Bourgeois E, et al. Early activation of invariant natural killer T cells in a rheumatoid arthritis model and application to disease treatment[J].Immunology,2010,130(2):296-306.

(收稿日期:2014-03-16)endprint

[5] de Menthon M, Lambert M, Guiard E, et al. Excessive interleukin-15 transpresentation endows NKG2D+CD4+ T cells with innate-like capacity to lyse vascular endothelium in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's)[J].Arthritis Rheum,2011,63(7):2116-2126.

[6] Yoshiga Y, Goto D, Segawa S, et al. Activation of natural killer T cells by α-carba-GalCer (RCAI-56), a novel synthetic glycolipid ligand, suppresses murine collagen-induced arthritis[J].Clin Exp Immunol,2011,164(2):236-247.

[7] Liu Y, Shu Q, Gao L, et al. Increased Tim-3 expression on peripheral lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis negatively correlates with disease activity[J].Clin Immunol,2010,137(2):288-295.

[8] Lfgren SE, Delgado-Vega AM, Gallant CJ, et al. A 3'-untranslated region variant is associated with impaired expression of CD226 in T and natural killer T cells and is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus[J].Arthritis Rheum,2010,62(11):3404-3414.

[9] Jung S, Park YK, Shin JH, et al. The requirement of natural killer T-cells in tolerogenic APCs-mediated suppression of collagen-induced arthritis[J].Exp Mol Med,2010,42(8):547-554.

[10] Tudhope SJ, von Delwig A, Falconer J, et al. Profound invariant natural killer T-cell deficiency in inflammatory arthritis[J].Ann Rheum Dis,2010,69(10):1873-1879.

[11] Jacques P, Venken K, Van Beneden K, et al. Invariant natural killer T cells are natural regulators of murine spondylarthritis[J].Arthritis Rheum,2010,62(4):988-999.

[12] Miellot-Gafsou A, Biton J, Bourgeois E, et al. Early activation of invariant natural killer T cells in a rheumatoid arthritis model and application to disease treatment[J].Immunology,2010,130(2):296-306.

(收稿日期:2014-03-16)endprint

[5] de Menthon M, Lambert M, Guiard E, et al. Excessive interleukin-15 transpresentation endows NKG2D+CD4+ T cells with innate-like capacity to lyse vascular endothelium in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's)[J].Arthritis Rheum,2011,63(7):2116-2126.

[6] Yoshiga Y, Goto D, Segawa S, et al. Activation of natural killer T cells by α-carba-GalCer (RCAI-56), a novel synthetic glycolipid ligand, suppresses murine collagen-induced arthritis[J].Clin Exp Immunol,2011,164(2):236-247.

[7] Liu Y, Shu Q, Gao L, et al. Increased Tim-3 expression on peripheral lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis negatively correlates with disease activity[J].Clin Immunol,2010,137(2):288-295.

[8] Lfgren SE, Delgado-Vega AM, Gallant CJ, et al. A 3'-untranslated region variant is associated with impaired expression of CD226 in T and natural killer T cells and is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus[J].Arthritis Rheum,2010,62(11):3404-3414.

[9] Jung S, Park YK, Shin JH, et al. The requirement of natural killer T-cells in tolerogenic APCs-mediated suppression of collagen-induced arthritis[J].Exp Mol Med,2010,42(8):547-554.

[10] Tudhope SJ, von Delwig A, Falconer J, et al. Profound invariant natural killer T-cell deficiency in inflammatory arthritis[J].Ann Rheum Dis,2010,69(10):1873-1879.

[11] Jacques P, Venken K, Van Beneden K, et al. Invariant natural killer T cells are natural regulators of murine spondylarthritis[J].Arthritis Rheum,2010,62(4):988-999.

[12] Miellot-Gafsou A, Biton J, Bourgeois E, et al. Early activation of invariant natural killer T cells in a rheumatoid arthritis model and application to disease treatment[J].Immunology,2010,130(2):296-306.

(收稿日期:2014-03-16)endprint

猜你喜欢

干扰素骨关节炎细胞因子
抗抑郁药帕罗西汀或可用于治疗骨关节炎
抗GD2抗体联合细胞因子在高危NB治疗中的研究进展
膝骨关节炎如何防护?
急性心肌梗死病人细胞因子表达及临床意义
α-干扰素联合利巴韦林治疗慢性丙型肝炎
雾化吸入γ干扰素对免疫低下肺炎的疗效观察
干扰素α-1b治疗成人麻疹疗效初步观察
细胞因子在慢性肾缺血与肾小管-间质纤维化过程中的作用
原发性膝骨关节炎中医治疗研究进展
推拿结合功能锻炼治疗膝骨关节炎24例