·病句纠错·

汪臻

【作文题】

规则是社会文明的标志，遵守规则应当从小事做起。请根据下面的提纲，用英语写一篇短文向英语报English Times投稿，简要叙述上周一下午你在学校阅览室做作业时看到的不遵守规则的现象，并谈谈你的看法。

●When and why were you in the reading room？

●What did you notice there？ （e.g. Students talking loudly， ...）

●What is your opinion？

注意：短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Rules are important in our daily life. Following rules actually starts with very small acts， in the school reading room for example.

【下面的病句来自同学的习作，你能找出其中的错误吗？】

●When I was studying in the reading room last Monday afternoon， I noticed someone didnt follow the rules.

提示中的students规定了必须表达“有些人不遵守规则”的意思，但someone意为“某个人”，所以句子表达有误。同学们经常把someone和somebody错当成复数（某些人）来使用，这一点应该注意避免。

正确的表述应该是：When I was studying in the reading room last Monday afternoon， I noticed some students didnt follow the rules.

● There were many students ignored the rules.

这位同学想使用there be句型表达“有许多学生（在阅览室）不遵守规则”的意思，但是修饰students的定语从句ignored the rules缺少引导词，导致句中出现两个谓语there were和ignored。

为了解决这一问题，可以直接删去there were，改为Many students ignored the rules；也可以在ignored之前加上who，改为There were many students who ignored the rule，who既是从句的引导词，又担任从句的主语。从上下文语境看，后者强调了“忽视规则的学生”的存在，更恰当。

● I found some phenomena that broke the rules of the reading room.

是谁broke the rules of the reading room？that引导的同位语从句缺少主语，导致句子表意不清。应改为：

I found some phenomena that many students broke the rules of the reading room.

● Some students talking loudly， and some students even eat snacks inside the room.

talking是现在分词形式，不能作谓语，所以前半个分句缺少谓语动词。出现这样的错误显然是不假思索照抄提示中students talking loudly造成的。后半个分句中eat的时态也不正确。正确的表述应该是：

Some students were talking loudly， and some were even eating snacks inside the room.

● Smell of the food was full of the whole reading room.

这位同学想表达“食物的气味充斥着整个阅览室”的意思，而be full of意为“（被）……填满”，如此一来，句意成了“食物的气味被整个阅览室填满”，完全不合逻辑。正确的表述应该是：

The whole reading room was full of the smell of the food.

或：The smell of the food filled the whole reading room.

或：The whole reading room was filled with the smell of food.

● Only can we follow the rules， the reading room can be much better.

only修饰状语且“only +状语”的结构放在句首时，主句需要倒装。我们都清楚这一规则，但是在实际写作中，同学们往往胡乱使用only开头的倒装句。

这位同学想使用倒装句表达“只有我们遵守规则，阅览室才会变得更好”的意思，但是only并没有修饰状语，倒装的部分也不是主句。正确的表述应该是：

Only when every one of us follows the rules， can the reading room be a better place for study.