Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema
2014-08-27
高考词汇
panic vt. （使）恐慌；（使）惊慌失措
tie vt. （用绳、带等）绑，系，拴
disturb vt. 打扰
resemble vt. 与……相似
create vt. 塑造；创作
warn vt. 警告
force vt. 强迫；迫使
pour vi. （雨）倾盆而下
paddle vi. 用桨划（小船）
lie vi. 说谎；撒谎
biography n. （由他人撰写的）传记
fantasy n. 幻想，想象
detective n. 侦探
account n. 叙述；描写；报道
companion n. 同伴；伙伴
shelter n. 遮蔽物；栖身之地
rope n. 绳子
beard n. 胡须
trunk n. 树干
outline n. 外形；轮廓
comedy n. 喜剧
fiction n. 虚构或幻想出来的事
review n. （影视、音乐）评论
adolescent n. 青少年
penny n. （硬币）便士；（美）分
pilot n. 领航员
reputation n. 名誉；名望；声望
curious adj. 好奇的
shallow adj. 浅的
vivid adj. （描述）生动的；逼真的
常用短语
have connection with 与…… 有联系/有关联
run away （秘密地）逃跑
play a trick on sb 捉弄某人，对某人恶作剧
make up 编造（说法、解释等）
be/feel in the mood （for sth/to do sth） 有意（做某事）；
有（做某事的）心情
set （a play， novel， etc.） in 设置（戏剧、小说等的）背景
make ones fortune 发财
set off 出发；启程
point at （把……）对准，指向
pour down 流下，（雨）倾盆而下
die of 因……而死
out of breath （运动后）喘不上气，透不过气来
as if/though 似乎，好像，仿佛
look like 看起来像……（一样）
take place （尤指根据安排或计划）发生，进行
for ages 很长时间
start with 以…… 开始
draw up （车辆）到达某处停下，停止
ahead of （时间、空间）在……前面；早于；领先
拓展词汇
solve vt. 解决
establish vt. 确立；确定；建立
crawl vi. 爬行；匍匐前进
murderer n. 凶手；谋杀犯
raft n. 木排；木筏
fright n. 恐惧；害怕
exception n. 例外
terrified adj. 非常害怕的；极度恐慌的
romantic adj. 浪漫的；关于爱情的
determined adj. 坚决的
词汇短语园地
1. pour vi. （雨）倾盆而下；涌流，倾泻
vt. 倾倒
Its pouring outside.
外面下着瓢泼大雨。
Although I poured it carefully， I still spilled some.
尽管我小心倒它，但还是洒了一些。
1） pour... into... 向……投入大量……
The government has poured millions into education system.
政府已经投入了数百万到教育系统。
2） pour out 倾诉；倾吐
She poured out her troubles over me.
她向我倾诉她的烦恼。
3） pour cold water on... 给……浇冷水
Dont pour cold water on my new idea.
不要给我的新想法浇冷水。
2. lie vi. 说谎，撒谎；躺，平躺
n. 谎言（可数）
You could see from her face that she was lying.
从她的表情上你可以看出她在撒谎。
The whole account is nothing but a pack of lies.
整个叙述只不过是一派胡言。
1） lie to sb 对某人撒谎
Dont lie to me.
别对我撒谎。
2） lie about sth 在某事上撒谎
She lied about her age.
她谎报自己的年龄。
3） give the lie to... 证明……是虚假的
These new figures give the lie to the thought that employment is going down.
这些新的数据表明失业率在下降的看法是不真实的。
4） tell （sb） a lie/lies （向某人）说谎
Dont believe him！ He always tells lies.
别相信他！他总是说谎。
5） a white lie 善意的谎言
I dont think it is wrong to use a white lie to comfort others.
我不认为用善意的谎言来安慰他人是有错的。
比较：
词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
说谎 lie lied lied lying
躺；位于 lie lay lain lying
放置；下（蛋） lay laid laid laying
3. curious adj. 好奇的
1） be curious about... 对……感到好奇
They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs.
他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。
2） be curious to do... 想做……
I was curious to find out what she had said.
我真想弄清楚她说了些什么。
4. tie vt. （用绳、带等）绑，系，拴；系，扣
They tied him to a chair with the rope.
他们用绳子把他绑在一把椅子上。
I tied a knot in the rope.
我在绳子上打了个结。
1） tie sb down （to sth/to doing sth） 限制/束缚/牵制 某人（做某事）
I dont want to tie myself down to coming back on a particular day.
我不想限制自己在特定的某一天回来。
2） tie in with... 连接在一起，同时进行
The concert will tie in with the festival of dance taking place at the same weekend.
音乐会将与周末举行的舞蹈节同时进行。
3） tie up 系好，捆上
He left his dog tied up to a tree.
他把狗拴在了树上。
5. disturb vt. 打扰；扰乱
I am sorry to disturb you， but can I talk to you for a moment？
对不起打扰你一下，我能跟你谈一会儿吗？
Dont disturb the papers on my desk.
别把我书桌上的文件弄乱了。
disturbance n. （受）打扰；骚乱
disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的，令人不安的
6. warn vt. 警告（说）
（1） warn后接从句
She was warned that if she did it again she would lose her job.
她被警告说如果她再这样做就会丢掉工作。
（2） warn sb of/about sth 警告或提醒某人某事
I warned you of the risk， didnt I？
我事先警告过你有危险，是不是？
A government notice warns the public about the dangers of cigarette smoking.
一个政府通知警告公众吸烟的危害。
（3） warn （sb） against doing sth 告诫某人不要做某事
The guidebook warns against walking alone at night.
这本指南告诫我们夜间不要单独行走。
（4） warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事
He warned Billy to keep away from his daughter.
他警告比利离他女儿远点。
（5） warn后不接特别结构
I tried to warn him， but he wouldnt listen.
我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。
（6） warn...off...（尤指以威胁的方式）叫……离开……，
告诫……不要靠近……
The farmer warned us off his land when we tried to camp there.
我们想在农场主的土地露营时，他警告我们不得靠近那里。
7. force vt. 强迫；迫使
（1） force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事
She forced herself to be polite to them.
她对他们强装客气。
（2） force sb into sth/doing sth 强迫或迫使某人做某事
Ill health forced him into early retirement.
他由于健康不佳不得不提前退休。
The president was forced into resigning.
总统被迫辞职。
1） force... back 强忍……（不表露情感）
She swallowed hard and forced back her tears.
她使劲咽了一下口水，强忍住了眼泪。
2） force... on/upon sb 把……强加给某人
They always force their will on me.
他们总是将他们的意愿强加给我。
8. run away（秘密地）逃跑
They ran away together to get married.
他们私奔结了婚。
Someone has run away with all my jewels.
有人偷了我的珠宝逃跑了。
1） run across 偶然遇见 2） run after 追赶
3） run around 东奔西跑 4） run down 耗尽能量
5） run into... 撞上
6） run out （of sth） 用完（某物）
9. make up 编造（说法、解释等）；形成，构
成；化妆，打扮
Are you telling the truth， or making it up？
你说的是真话还是编故事？
Girls make up 30% of the number of students.
女生占学生人数的30%。
She never goes out without making herself up first.
不先化妆她是从不外出的。
1） make up for 补偿；赔偿
2） make up to 接近；奉承
10. set （a play， novel， etc.） in 设置（戏剧、小说
等的）背景
This writer set his story in China.
这位作家把故事背景设定在中国。
The movie is set in the countryside in the 19th century.
这部电影是以19世纪的农村为背景的。
1） set... aside 把……置于一旁
2） set off 出发 3） set out 出发
4） set up 建立，创立 5） set down 写下，记下
跟踪导练（一）
A
New York State Governor David Paterson described the crash-landing of US Airways Flight 1549 on a freezing river as “a miracle（奇迹）on the Hudson”. The miracle was the survival and safe rescue of all 155 passengers aboard the Airbus A320 that suffered bird hits on both its engines soon after take-off on January 16. The hero in this remarkable escape was the 57-year-old captain， Chesley Sullenberger. The former US Air Force pilot showed extreme skill and presence of mind to control—from an altitude of 900 meters—the plane over the crowds， over the buildings， over the George Washington Bridge， and on to the Hudson River， nose-up and at an angle that gave it the best chance. The pilot walked into the plane twice after the crash to make sure all of the passengers and staff were safe.
“The left engine just blew. Flames were coming out of it and I was looking at it because I was sitting right there. And it just started smelling like gas. Everyone started， to be honest， to say prayers（祈祷文），” a passenger told WNBC.
“We had to give it to the pilot man，” the shaken passenger added， “he did a hard job.”
“There were a couple of people who took charge and started shouting at everyone to calm down.” Alberto Panero told CNN. “Once everyone realized they were going to be OK， they settled down.”
Along the bank of the Hudson， people right there could not believe their eyes： A plane was flying impossibly low yet steady as it could be. It was as if the pilot was approaching a runway， not the icy winter waters of Manhattans Hudson River.
Ferry（渡船）passengers who happened to be on the Hudson at the time of the crash jumped into action. “We just started taking people from the wing，” said Janis Krums who was riding on one of the first boats to arrive and save the passengers. “And we just started giving them clothes and keeping them warm. In less than six or seven minutes we just had five or six boats helping.”
1. What can we learn about Chesley Sullenberger from Paragraph 1？
A. He was brave and kind.
B. He was skillful and calm.
C. He was young and strong.
D. He was clever and careful.
2. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to ___ .
A. the injured plane B. the left engine
C. the situation D. the honor
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the news？
A. The plane landed on the Hudson finally.
B. The passengers were disappointed about the crash.
C. The rescue work turned out to be immediate and successful.
D. Janis Krums was one of the passengers on board the plane.
4. What can be the best headline of the news？
A. A Jet Crash Called “A Miracle on the Hudson”
B. Heroic Actions Followed a Strange Air Crash
C. Survivors Described a Frightening Experience
D. Air Safety Has Been a Great Concern
B
In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken， not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome， testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages， students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates（应试者）for the doctors degree.
Generally， however， modern examinations are written. The written examination， where all students are tested on the same questions， was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination， timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers， resembles a group of workers at a factory. Certainly， during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes called as “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts， not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions， each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the students in the Middle Ages？
A. They were timed by electrical clocks.
B. They specialized in one subject.
C. They usually took spoken tests.
D. They took objective tests.
6. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that ___ .
A. the population grows rapidly
B. exams are now written and timed
C. workers now take examinations
D. there are mostly written exams today
7. Modern industry must have developed ___ .
A. before the Middle Ages B. around the 19th century
C. in Greece or Rome D. machines to take tests
8. Students must select answers during ___ .
A. objective test B. personal test
C. spoken test D. written test
从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。
biography company curious detective fantasy
lie murder paddle pour raft
1. A ____ essay presents a persons most noteworthy characteristics and achievements.
2. The whole thing was so ____ that I couldnt help being amused.
3. Instead of becoming a doctor， George became a successful writer of ____ stories.
4. The ____ has been in prison for five years for his crime.
5. Are you alone or with a ____ when you are walking on your way home？
6. What terrible weather！ It was ____ all the day yesterday.
7. Everything may tell you lies， but mirrors dont ____ .
8. I was really ____ to hear what he would say.
下列各句每句有1个错误。
1. The man had fallen asleep where he was laying without undressing. ___
2. Its bad to point to your parents and say rude words. ___
3. Because of missing the last bus， it looks even if well have to walk. ___
4. The new building is 100 meters on height. ___
1. 使我感到吃惊的是， 你还没有受够他。
2. 两母女非常害怕地注视着大雨顺着窗户往下流。
3. 在今天迟到的原因上，这个小男孩撒了个谎。
4. 囚犯是如何把守卫们捆住然后从监狱逃跑的，这还是一个未解之谜。
1. I used to lie ___ my misfortunate past， but I dont do that any more now.
A. of B. about
C. in D. for
2. I couldnt remember where Id seen him before， and then it suddenly ___ me.
A. beat B. caused
C. hit D. tied
3. When I was still a baby， I became curious ___ everything new around me.
A. at B. in
C. about D. of
4. ___ not to be late for the meeting， we arrived thirteen minutes ___ the required time.
A. In order； ahead of B. So as； ahead of
C. In order； in advance D. So as； in advance of
5. — Whats the event like？
— The ___ of three persons who saw what happened in
the event differed from the official version of it.
A. explanations B. accounts
C. suggestions D. opinions
6. Tina trusts you， so only you can ___ her to give up the foolish idea.
A. persuade B. advise
C. suggest D. attract
7. The students attending this class was ___ about 10-year-old children.
A. made in B. made from
C. made of D. made up of
8. — My son has got a gold medal in the World Olympic
Math Competition.
— What a ___ boy！ Congratulations！
A. promising B. helpful
C. interesting D. curious
One of Britains bravest women told yesterday how she helped to catch the suspected police killer David Bieber—and was thanked with flowers by the police. It was also said that she could be in line for a share of up to 30，000 prize money.
Vicki Brown， 30， played a very important role in ending the nationwide manhunt. Vicki became suspicious of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before New Years Eve with few things and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said， “He didnt seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact.” Vicki， the only employee on duty， called her bosses Margaret， 64， and husband Stan McKale， 65， who phoned the police at 11 pm.
Officers from Northumbria Police called Vicki at the hotel in Dunston， Gateshead， at about 11：30 pm to make sure that this was the wanted man. Then they kept in touch by phoning Vicki every 15 minutes.
“It was about ten past two in the morning when the phone went again and a policeman said， ‘Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside？ My heart missed a beat.”
Vicki quietly showed eight armed officers through passages and stairways to the top floor room and handed over the key.
“I realized that my bedroom window overlooks that part of the hotel， so I went to watch. I could not see into the mans room， but I could see the passage. The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands showing. Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted at him to lie down while he was handcuffed（带上手铐）.”
1. Why was Vicki Brown thanked with flowers by the police？ （within 10 words）
2. Why did Vicki become suspicious of David Bieber？ （within 5 words）
3. How did vicki keep in touch with the police？ （within 2 words）
4. How did Vicki feel when the police arrived？ （within 3 words）
5. Where was David Bieber most probably handcuffed？ （within 7 words）
跟踪导练（二）
A
A new weapon is on the way in the fight against smoking in Europe. Soon when smokers buy cigarettes they might see a shocking photo of a blackened lung or a cancer patient staring back at them from the packet.
The European Union announced that it had chosen 42 photos that showed the damage cigarettes could do to the body. It called on member nations to put these pictures on packets to discourage smokers. To catch the attention of teenagers， the special packets warn of long-term medical dangers， like cancer. Short-term effects， like bad skin， are also on the list.
“The true face of smoking is disease， death and horror. That is the message we should send to the young，” said David Byrne， an EU health official. “Hopefully these pictures will shock students out of their love for cigarettes.”
The EU head office hoped the pictures would work better than current written warnings on packs of cigarettes. The warnings included “smoking kills” and “smoking can lead to a slow and painful death.”
So far， Ireland and Belgium have shown interest in the photos. Canada used similar pictures and warnings on cigarette packs soon after that. The country has recently seen a fall in the number of smokers. According to studies， smoking is the single biggest cause of avoidable death in EU. Every year more than 650，000 smokers die， more than one person a minute.
1. Which country is most successful in stopping smoking according to the text？
A. Ireland. B. Belgium.
C. Canada. D. EU.
2. We can learn from the text that ___ .
A. countries in the EU still use the old warning method
B. the new warning method has worked in some EU countries
C. the EU countries have put the new warning method into practice
D. a large number of the EU countries have used the new warning method
3. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that ___ .
A. its hard to stop smoking in EU
B. smoking is the biggest cause of deaths in EU
C. deaths caused by smoking could have been avoided
D. EU has the largest number of deaths caused by smoking
4. What would be the best title for the text？
A. New Way to Stop Smoking
B. Pictures to Shock Smokers
C. New Packets of Cigarettes
D. Dangers of Smoking
B
Anyone who reads a book and then goes to see a movie based on that book generally leaves the movie feeling a little disappointed. Why might this be？ Both books and movies serve the purpose of entertainment. Both books and movies offer characters and plots. And， both books and movies provide a setting for a story. Books， however， offer a more attractive and complex form of entertainment than movies.
Although movies are entertaining to watch， books have advantages over them. First， books， in comparison with movies， can more easily catch hold of the depths of characters and create a complex setting through the use of rich description. Books leave it up to the reader to interpret， imagine， and recreate the story in his or her own mind. However， movies are action packed and provide lots of visual stimuli（视觉刺激）； still， it is the movie not the viewer that interprets the characters， plot and setting. Second， books are not limited to time. A writer can write as much or as little as necessary in order to create and tell a story. Movies， on the other hand， are limited to an hour and a half to two hours of entertaining time before the audience begins to get restless. Last， reading is an intellectual form of entertainment. Readers can improve their level of reading and vocabulary in a harmless， healthy， and pleasurable way. Movies， on the other hand， are not as complex and entertaining as books， and they leave nothing to interpret. Therefore， the advantages and entertainment value of books outweigh those of movies.
To conclude， books， through interpretation， help the reader develop a sense of relationship to the characters and the story itself， but movies entertain strictly. Books are a better form of entertainment than movies.
5. What is the authors idea about books and movies？
A. Movies often make people disappointed.
B. Both books and movies entertain strictly.
C. Books have many advantages over movies.
D. More and more people prefer books to movies.
6. We can learn from the text that ___.
A. movies are usually time limited
B. books provide more visual stimuli
C. books leave readers nothing to interpret
D. movies can easily catch the depths of characters
7. The underlined word “intellectual” in Paragraph 2 may relate to ___ .
A. training B. learning
C. translating D. memory
8. Which of the following would be the best title for the text？
A. Movies： Easy Form of Entertainment
B. Books： Better Form of Entertainment
C. Why Are We Disappointed at Movies
D. How to Produce Movies Based on Books
从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。
beard crawl disturb fright outline
panic solve terrify tie trunk
1. Perhaps time would ____ everything after we had been through a very bad period.
2. I ____ when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
3. Shall I ____ all these things together with the rope？
4. David was very handsome， except for the shadow of a very dark ____ .
5. Something happened one day， which was as unexpected as it was ____ and horrible.
6. Elephants do not worry about things ____ up their noses.
7. I was ____ out of my mind when the respectable old man was found to be a murderer.
8. Im sorry， but can I ____ you for a moment？
下列各句每句有1个错误。
1. Im afraid well be late， so I suggest take a bus at once.
___
2. At the first I thought he was shy， but then I discovered I was wrong. ___
3. Please ask the neighbor when to stop make noises. ___
4. Listen！ Can you hear someone shouted？ ___
1. 我们相信他与这件事无关，是你在这件事上编故事。
2. 对我来说，你感兴趣的这本书听起来好像是有趣的东西。
3. 尝试多次后，最终我说服他听从我的意见。
4. 愚人节充满着开玩笑的游戏，在那天很多孩子喜欢对别人恶作剧。
1. At the sight of the ___ snake in front of the young girl， there appeared a ___ look on her face.
A. terrified； terrified B. terrifying； terrified
C. terrified； terrifying D. terrifying； terrifying
2. Dont ___ any letter in a word， or it will be a wrong word.
A. find out B. look out
C. give out D. leave out
3. The room was in such a mess that it looked ___ it had been broken into by someone.
A. even though B. as for
C. even if D. as if
4. When knowing the truth they all looked ___ at the man and felt quite ___ .
A. angry； angrily B. angrily； angrily
C. angry； angry D. angrily； angry
5. According to what his mother said， he died ___ the car accident last year.
A. out B. off
C. from D. for
6. After running for the bus， Bill ___ and felt tired.
A. held his breath B. was out of breath
C. got his breath D. caught his breath
7. A car ___ at the gate and three men got out of it.
A. drew out B. drew back
C. drew up D. drew off
8. Look！ The sun was shining brightly outside， ___ every-thing ___ beautiful and lovely.
A. making； look B. to make； look
C. making； looked D. to make； looking
It was a busy morning， about 8：30， when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the 1 that he was in a hurry for an appointment at 9：30.
The nurse had him take a 2 in the waiting area， telling him it would be at least 40 minutes 3 someone would be able to see him. I saw him looking at his 4 and decided， since I was not 5 — my patient didnt turned up at the 6 hour， I would examine his wound（伤口）. While taking care of his wound， I asked him if he had another doctors appointment.
The gentleman said no and told me that he 7 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 8 . He told me she had been there for a while and she had a special 9 . I asked if she would be 10 if he was a bit late. He replied that she no longer 11 who he was， and that she had not been able to 12 him for five years. I was 13 ， and asked him， “And you 14 go every morning， even though she doesnt know who you are？”
He 15 and said， “She doesnt know me， but I know who she is.” I had to hold back tears as he left.
Now I 16 that in marriage， true love is 17 of all that is. The happiest people dont 18 have the best of everything. They just 19 the best use of everything they have. 20 isnt about how to live through the storm， but how to dance in the rain.
1. A. doctor B. patient C. nurse D. gentleman
2. A. breath B. test C. break D. seat
3. A. if B. before C. since D. when
4. A. chair B. bag C. watch D. wound
5. A. tired B. interested C. clear D. busy
6. A. appointed B. rush C. fixed D. duty
7. A. needed B. forgot C. agreed D. happened
8. A. daughter B. wife C. mother D. sister
9. A. idea B. habit C. concern D. disease
10. A. lonely B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry
11. A. cared B. remembered C. knew D. asked
12. A. recognize B. answer C. believe D. expect
13. A. moved B. disappointed C. surprised D. satisfied
14. A. only B. then C. thus D. still
15. A. nodded B. laughed C. thought D. stopped
16. A. realize B. suggest C. hope D. prove
17. A. agreement B. expression C. acceptance D. exhibition
18. A. necessarily B. completely C. naturally D. frequently
19. A. learn B. make C. favour D. try
20. A. Adventure B. Beauty C. Trust D. Life
跟踪导练（三）
A
Millions of women use cosmetics， often called “make-up”. The cosmetics industry is one of the biggest in the world. Most large stores sell cosmetics， and there are always shops at airports selling them cheaply. The word “cosmetics” refers to anything that people put on their faces to make them look better. Lipstick， face powder and cream， and eye make-up are the most popular. Although more women than men use cosmetics， there are cosmetics for men as well as women.
Some people even have cosmetic surgery to make their faces look different. They have the shape of their noses and eyes changed.
The most widely used cosmetic is probably lipstick， as many women who do not wear any other make-up will often put on a little lipstick.
Lipstick is made by mixing together different oils and colors. This mixture is then allowed to get hard and is cut into the shape of a small pencil. When a woman presses the lipstick to her lips， the end of it becomes soft， and some of it sticks to her lips， giving them extra color.
Cosmetics were probably first used in India， but it was the Egyptians， six thousand years ago， who made the most use of them. Rich Egyptian women painted their eyes green and black. They used a red color to paint pretty designs on their fingernails， the palms of their hands and the soles（脚掌）of their feet. Pictures of Cleopatra always show her wearing a lot of make-up.
The Romans also used cosmetics. They liked to make their skin very white and to paint their eyes. They also used a kind of lipstick.
In England at one time， very rich women had baths in milk to make their skin beautiful. They also used a lot of sweet-smelling powder to stop people smelling their bodies， which were often very dirty because they did not wash very often or change their clothes.
At one time， some cosmetics were not safe. They were bad for the skin， and some of the lipsticks and powders that people used were even poisonous. Nowadays， people in the cosmetics industry take great care to make sure that everything they use is completely safe.
1. Why do people use cosmetics？
A. To feel happier.
B. To have a better look.
C. To improve the health.
D. To appear different from others.
2. What kind of cosmetics is probably used most widely？
A. Cream. B. Face powder.
C. Lipstick. D. Eye make-up.
3. Who used to use many cosmetics in the daily life？
A. Roman women. B. Egyptian women.
C. Indian women. D. English women.
4. What can we say about cosmetics industry？
A. It is the oldest.
B. It develops very fast.
C. It is the biggest worldwide.
D. It should be very responsible to customers.
B
Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is decided in advance. He knows what he wants， and his objective is to find it and buy it； the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock （有现货的）， the salesman immediately introduces it， and the business of trying it on follows at once. All being well， the deal can be and is often completed in less than five minutes， with hardly any chat and to everyones satisfaction.
For a man， slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants， or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman， as the name implies， tries to sell the customer something else， he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute（替代品）impolitely； he does so with skill， “I know this jacket is not the style you want， sir， but would you like to try it for size？ It happens to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have patience with this treatment， and the usual response is， “This is the right color and may be the right size， but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”
Now how does a woman go about buying clothes？ In almost every way she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants， and she is only “having a look round”. She is always open to persuasion； in fact she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her， even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Opposite to a lot of jokes， most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lockout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses， a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a tiring process， but obviously an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.
5. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 suggests when a man is shopping ___ .
A. he choose the cheap ones
B. he buys whatever he likes
C. he often buys and then regrets
D. he does not mind the price for the right things
6. What does a man do when he can not get exactly what he wants？
A. He usually does not buy anything.
B. He buys so long as the style is right.
C. He buys a similar thing because of the color he wants.
D. At least two of his requirements must be met before he buys.
7. What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers？
A. Men go shopping based on need， but women never.
B. Women bargain for their clothes， but men do not.
C. Men do not try clothes on while women do.
D. The time they take over buying clothes.
8. The passage mainly talks about ___ .
A. differences between men and women shoppers
B. why women are better at shopping than men
C. how women go about buying clothes
D. why a man goes shopping
从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。
account comedy fiction raft review
romance rope set shelter trunk
1. He gave the police a full ____ of the car accident.
2. In the heavy rain， I took ____ under a tree， waiting for someone to give me a hand.
3. The natives make excellent boats from tree ____ .
4. The actor likes working on ____ because he loves to make people laugh.
5. A ____ story is one about love or adventure.
6. Their ____ world has been replaced by a fantastic real one in the end.
7. I have read the ____ of his latest novel.
8. In addition to the impressiveness of the ____ ， there is a use of the camera which at times seems magical.
下列各句每句有1个错误。
1. The twin sisters always enjoy go to the concerts in which their favorite stars perform. ___
2. According to what you explained to me， I dont think you did much more worse than he did. ___
3. I havent seen your son and daughter for age since I moved abroad with my children many years ago. ___
4. Nobody knows when the next war will take the place？ ___
1. 由于最近父亲过世，他感到很累，没有心情去做其他任何事。
2. 这部以欧洲中世纪为背景的电影值得看第二次。
3. 当我们沿着街道走时，看到了很多有趣的商店。
4. 我想去看部电影，但不知道电影院现在上映什么新片。
1. ___ my surprise， when the teacher saw my work， she said “well done” ___ surprise.
A. In； in B. To； in
C. In； at D. To； at
2. — Did you enjoy the book？
— Sure， it is ___ a beautiful town with a variety of cultures.
A. set in B. put on
C. set off D. taken on
3. — Hello！ This is Marce. I want to speak to Ling， please.
— ___ . She is upstairs and I ask her to answer it.
A. Hurry up B. Get a move on
C. Hang on a minute D. Hold your attention
4. Look at these dark clouds in the sky. It looks ___ .
A. as if it rains B. like raining
C. like rain D. like to rain
5. — Why do you look so unhappy？
— What my son did at home greatly ___ me.
A. damaged B. pleased
C. destroyed D. annoyed
6. Im afraid you wont have enough time to ___ before the wedding party.
A. get to change B. get changed
C. get changing D. get change
7. Having a lot of work to do， she was not ___ a romantic walk in the woods.
A. in mood for B. in the mood for
C. in mood of D. in the mood of
8. ___ ， I havent enough time； secondly， I havent enough energy.
A. To start with B. Start with
C. Starting with D. Started with
Some people are lucky enough to be born with a good sense of direction and even if they have only visited a place once， they will be able to find it again years later.
I am one of those unfortunate people who have a poor sense of direction and I may have visited a place time after time but I still get lost on my way there. When I was young I was so shy that I never dared（敢于）ask complete strangers the way so I used to wander round（转来转去）in circles and hope that by some chance I would get to the spot I was heading for.
I am no longer too shy to ask people for direction， but I often receive replies that puzzle（使困惑）me. If anyone ever asks me the way to someplace， I always tell them I am a stranger to the town in order to avoid giving them wrong directions but even this can have embarrassing results.
Once I was on my way to work when I was stopped by a man who asked me if I would direct him the way to the Sunlight Building. I gave my usual reply， but I had not walked on a few steps when I realized that he had asked for directions of my office building. However， at this point， I decided it was too late to turn back and search for him out of the crowd behind me as I was going to meet with someone at the office and I did not want to keep him waiting.
Imagine my embarrassment when my secretary showed in the very man who had asked for directions of my office and his astonishment when he recognized me as the person he had asked.
1. Why did the writer consider himself to be an “unlucky dog”？ （within 8 words）
2. What will the writer do when someone asks him for direction？ （within 10 words）
3. Where was the writer when he was stopped by the visitor？ （within 5 words）
4. How did the visitor feel when he was showed into the very room？ （within 3 words）
5. Who showed the right way to the visitor？ （within 4 words）
跟踪导练（四）
A
When humans and nature go head to head， nature often ends up losing. Rivers get polluted. Trees are knocked down. Natural resources are used up. Thats what makes the Galapagos Islands so special—its one of the few places on the Earth that nature can truly call its own.
A visit to the Galapagos is a real eye-opening experience. Over 1，600 km west of Ecuador， the islands are home to a unique（独一无二的）variety of animals that have absolutely no fear of people. Visitors can play on the beach with sea lions and giant sea turtles， swim with dolphins and whales， and get close enough to the penguins to count the eggs in their nests.
The islands were declared（宣布）a national park over 40 years ago， and the number of human visitors is tightly limited to avoid damaging the environment or putting stress on the animals. Tourists have to pay $100 for the daily fee， and cant step off the boat unless accompanied（陪同）by an official guide. Once on the islands， you have to stay on the special car. The animals are so curious about people that theyll usually come up to say hello.
“Its a little like being in a zoo，” said one traveler. “But instead of us looking at the animals， the animals are looking at us.”
Besides the wildlife， one of the islands more unusual features is its post office. You can send postcards for free， but the problem is that theres no postman to collect them. Instead， travelers pick up mail addressed to people who live near them back home and then hand-deliver the postcards when their trip is finished.
1. The Galapagos Islands are ___ .
A. west of Ecuador B. terribly polluted
C. in the Atlantic Ocean D. independent of Ecuador
2. Which animal is mentioned in the passage？
A. Lions. B. Goats.
C. Sharks. D. Sea lions.
3. What is one of the islands more unusual features？
A. You need to buy stamps to send letters.
B. There are some postmen to collect letters.
C. Travelers deliver the letters by themselves.
D. There are only the wild animals on the islands.
4. What would be the best title for the passage？
A. A Special Zoo
B. Go Head to Head
C. Human and Nature
D. Ecuador—an Island Country
B
When families gather for Christmas dinner， some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandmas generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver， and the dress code will be Sunday-best.
But in many other homes， this china-and-silver custom has given way to a stoneware-and-stainless（不锈的）informality， with dresses appearing an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests， the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain， it means economic hard times.
Last week Royal Doulton， the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent， announced that it is cutting down 1，000 jobs—one-fifth of its total workforce. That brought to more than 4，000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery（陶瓷）region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing， the layoffs（临时解雇）in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social changes. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often， he explained， and more people eat alone， either because they are single or they eat in front of television.
Even dinner parties， if they happen at all， have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules， busy hosts insist， rightly， that its better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party. Too often， the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-designed tablecloth？ Forget it. Shine the silver？ Who has time？
Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of table manners that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grand-parents （“Chew with your mouth closed” “Keep your elbows off the table”） must be picked up elsewhere.
5. In Britain， the formal traditions at family dinner ___ .
A. show peoples respect for the older generations
B. are mainly preferred in families of the upper class
C. have a long history and are valued by some people
D. will be deserted with the development of economy
6. Royal Doulton in Paragraph 3 is probably ___ .
A. the manager of a fine china factory
B. a company that produces fine china
C. a large region in Britain famous for producing china
D. an organization that determines the use of workforce
7. What is the main reason for less formality at dinner party？
A. Busy schedules dont allow for formality.
B. Hosts careless about their social behavior.
C. Being formal has been out of date at present.
D. Hosts are getting tired of frequent family dinner.
8. From the last paragraph， we can learn that informality ___ .
A. should be picked up elsewhere
B. has resulted in the great loss in British economy
C. has reduced parents influence on childrens behavior
D. helps table manners become more important than before
从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。
create determine establish except force
reputation resemble shallow vivid warn
1. He ____ his father very much in all his ways of action.
2. The difference between the two artists ____ methods is enormous.
3. Each students must answer all the questions during the examination without ____ .
4. I have ____ him that it is not allowed to enter the building because the construction of that hasnt been finished yet.
5. She is a very ____ woman who always gets what she wants.
6. The boy wont do his homework if you dont ____ him to.
7. This great battle was ____ recorded in the documentary film.
8. Having been ____ for over ten years， our company becomes one of normalization and specialization.
下列各句每句有1个错误。
1. Of the two girls who are both working hard in the library， which one do you like best？ ___
2. Though he isnt a soldier， he works as a soldier. ___
3. He said he waited long since he made up his mind to achieve this final goal. ___
4. Almost everyone dreams that he/she can get richness in a short time. ___
1. 越来越多的村民动身离开村庄去城里，决定去那里发财。
2. 汤姆经常捉弄同学。最后他弄得声名狼藉，没人愿意和他待在一起。
3. 我们都警告他可能发生的危险，不要强迫那只大狗做它不想做的事。
4. 我们匆忙赶到教室，却发现那儿没人，但谁也不知道究竟发生了什么事。
1. In this company， everyone must follow the order of the boss， and you， our manager， are no ___ .
A. exception B. expression
C. experience D. expectation
2. Mary ___ her twin sister in appearance but not in character.
A. looks B. seems
C. resembles D. equals
3. The development of the Internet has ___ many more new ways for people to entertain themselves during weekends.
A. built B. made
C. created D. invented
4. Afraid of being punished by his English teacher， the boy ___ an excuse for arriving ___ the classroom late.
A. gave up； at B. took up； in
C. made up； at D. picked up； in
5. The robber ___ an old woman to hand over her money， but the woman refused to do that at once.
A. had B. forced
C. made D. advised
6. As soon as Lily came to the office， she ___ cleaning the floor.
A. set up B. set down
C. set off D. set about
7. Its not good to leave the water ___ while you brush your teeth.
A. running B. run
C. being running D. to run
8. — ___ ！ Its already 3 oclock. The class is going to begin
at 3：15！
— I have tried my best to run.
A. Go away B. Get a move on
C. Go back D. Go off
Tracy Wong is a well-known Chinese-American writer. But her writing 1 was something she picked up by herself. After her first 2 ， teaching disabled children， she became a part-time writer for IBM. 3 ， writing stories was simply a 4 interest. Tracy sent three of her stories to a publisher.
5 ， they immediately suggested that she put them together to make a single long 6 and paid Tracy a $15，000 in advance. “A pretty money，” said the publisher， “for a（n） 7 writer at that time.”
8 Tracys characters are interesting， her stories sometimes 9 readers uneasy： those about the supernatural. “My mother believed I could 10 with the afterlife world，” she told a close friend， “she used to have me speak with my grandmother， who died many years ago.”
“Can I？ I dont think I can.” Tracy said with a laugh. “But I do have 11 when things come to me for no reason.” Once， she was 12 how to complete a 13 set in ancient China.
14 the doorbell rang. It was a FedEx deliveryman（送货人）， with a copy of a book on Chinese 15 . It came without her having 16 them.
Though she has published 45 books， Tracy has remained
17 by her fame. She lives in the same 18 she lived 27 years ago— 19 in a more comfortable home. Theres more room for 20 in her life—and it wasnt just writing.
1. A. skill B. experience C. practice D. ability
2. A. duty B. effort C. job D. task
3. A. Instead B. Normally C. Certainly D. Then
4. A. general B. deep C. personal D. lively
5. A. Interested B. Anxious C. Serious D. Encouraged
6. A. account B. story C. program D. article
7. A. foreign B. popular C. unusual D. unknown
8. A. Now that B. Even though C. Just because D. Except that
9. A. find B. turn C. leave D. hold
10. A. compare B. connect C. deal D. meet
11. A. events B. chances C. feelings D. moments
12. A. wondering B. figuring C. telling D. wanting
13. A. description B. point C. scene D. talk
14. A. Surprisingly B. Suddenly C. Expectedly D. Fortunately
15. A. cooking B. history C. play D. medicine
16. A. known B. sent C. realized D. ordered
17. A. unchanged B. excited C. determined D. unmoved
18. A. life B. city C. house D. way
19. A. because B. but C. although D. since
20. A. joy B. success C. variety D. work
Mark Twain in Hannibal
马克··吐温在汉尼堡
When he wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn， Mark Twain turned Hannibal， Missouri—which he later described as a “white town bathing in the sunshine of a summers morning”—into an American literary Mecca. No other town in the country has stronger associations with an author， and Twain readily acknowledged its role in his success.
The relationship between Hannibal and Twain began in November 1839， when Twains father， John Clemens， decided to leave the hamlet of Florida， Missouri， and move east about 35 miles（56km） to the somewhat larger and more prosperous Hannibal， on the banks of the Mississippi River. Twain， then known as Samuel Clemens， marked his fourth birthday about a week after the family settled there. However， he showed little promise of becoming a long-term resident， because his health was so poor that his parents probably feared he would not survive childhood.
During the familys first few years in Hannibal， Twain was too young to understand fully the changes going on around him. About the time the family moved into their new home， Twains health improved dramatically. Instead of having to lead a quiet indoor life， he could roam the streets of Hannibal， climb the surrounding hills， explore the areas caves and splash about in local swimming holes.
Twains carefree days did not last long. His father used their house as collateral for a friends loan， and the creditor took possession when the loan failed. A physician who lived diagonally across the street from the family offered to let them live in his home. The Clemens family moved into that house sometime in late 1846. On March 24， 1847， John Clemens died. His wife， Jane Lampton Clemens， and their oldest son， Orion， managed to regain possession of the little house on Hill Street， and the family moved back into it that summer. These events dampened but did not extinguish Twains cheerful disposition.
Within a year of his fathers death， he quit school and became an apprentice printer， and when his brother Orion bought the Hannibal Journal in 1851， Twain went to work for him as a printer and editorial assistant. The stories he wrote for Orions paper， his first publications， taught him that he much preferred writing to typesetting. Thus， when he decided to leave Hannibal in May 1853， he already had an inkling of his future career.
当马克·吐温撰写《汤姆·索亚历险记》和《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》时，他把密苏里州的汉尼堡变成了美国文学的圣地（后来他描写它如同一座“沐浴在夏日清晨阳光下的安宁小镇”）。在这个国家没有哪一座城镇会比这里与作家的关系更紧密的了，而且吐温乐于承认它在他取得成功中的作用。
汉尼堡与吐温的关系始于1893年11月，当时吐温的父亲约翰·克莱门斯，决定离开密苏里州佛罗里达的小村子，迁往东35英里（56千米）位于密西西比河岸边那座大点儿的、繁荣些的汉尼堡。当一家人在那里定居大约一个星期后，吐温（当时叫塞缪尔·克莱门斯）过了他四岁的生日。然而他差点儿没能成为那里的长期居民，因为他的身体很差以至于父母担心他可能会夭折。
在全家人住在汉尼堡的头几年里，吐温因为太小还不能完全理解他周围发生的变化。而在全家乔迁新居时，吐温的身体戏剧性地好转了。他不再被迫过着肃静的室内生活，而可以在汉尼堡的街道上随处闲逛，攀爬周围的小山，探寻那里的洞穴以及在当地的水潭里嬉戏。
吐温无忧无虑的日子没过多久。父亲将他们的房子做了抵押，以便向一个朋友贷款，而当贷款还不上时这个债主占了抵押物。一位住在他家斜对面的医生主动提出让他们住在他家。在1846年末的一个时候克莱门斯一家搬进了那栋房子。1847年3月24日，约翰·克莱门斯去世。其妻简·兰普顿·克莱门斯和长子奥利翁，设法重新得到了希尔街那栋小屋的产权，并在那年夏天举家搬了回去。这些事虽然很丧气，但并没有改变吐温愉悦的个性。
父亲去世的一年后，他辍了学并在印刷厂当了学徒。当1851年他哥哥奥利翁买下《汉尼堡日报》时，吐温去那里为哥哥干活，当了一名印刷工兼编辑助理。他为奥利翁的报纸写的故事，也是他的处女作，使他明白与排字工作相比自己更喜欢写作。于是，当他在1853年5月决定离开汉尼堡时，他对自己将来的事业已有了初步的勾画。
