Module 2 A Job Worth Doing

高考词汇

respect vt. 遵守

direct vt. 指挥

earn vt. 挣（钱）

require vt. 需要

offer vi. （主动）提出（愿意做某事）

freeze vi. 冻住；冻僵

apply vi. 申请

suffer vi. 遭受（痛苦）

double vi. 加倍

accountant n. 会计

barber n. 理发师

volunteer n. 志愿者

signal n. 信号

bend n. 弯曲处；弯道

salary n. 工资；薪水

staff n. 全体职员；员工

agent n. 代理人；经纪人

post n. 工作；职位

chef n. 厨师

model n. 模特

shot n.（电影、电视或照片的）镜头

database n. 数据库；资料库

demand n. 要求；需要

personality n. 个性；性格

vertical adj. 垂直的

temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的

permanent adj. 长久的；永久的；永恒的

grateful adj. 感激的；感谢的

available adj. 可获得的

traditional adj. 传统的

outgoing adj. 外向的

常用短语

in particular 尤其； 特别

on average 平均

in theory 理论上；从理论上来说

in practice 实际上；在实践中

pass by 经过

take... for granted 以为……理所当然

have an effect on 对……产生影响

take up 站好位置以备……

take notice of 注意到

in response to 作为……的回应

拓展词汇

sign vt. 签字；签署

biochemist n. 生物化学家

electrician n. 电工；电器技师

miner n. 矿工

encounter n. 相遇；邂逅

mission n. 任务；职责；使命

freezer n. 冰箱

contract n. 合同；契约

analyst n. 分析家；分析师

deduction n. 推理；推断

youngster n. 年轻人

toll n. （事故、疾病等的）伤亡人数

leisure n. 休闲

individual n. 个人

fitness n. 健康

intellectual adj. 脑力的；思维的，需用才智的

satisfying adj. 令人满意的

stressful adj. 充满压力的；紧张的

profound adj. （影响）深刻的；极大的

qualified adj. 合格的；称职的

organisational adj. 组织的

renewable adj. （合同）可续签的

essential adj. 必不可少的；绝对重要的

circular adj. 圆形的

词汇短语园地

1. offer vt. & vi.（主动）提出（愿意做某事），

自愿给予；提供（东西或机会）

（1） offer sth 提出……，提供……

He offered some useful advice.

他提出了一些有益的建议。

（2） offer to do sth 主动提出做某事

The kids offered to do the dishes after supper.

孩子们主动要求晚饭后洗盘子。

（3） offer sth to sb = offer sb sth 向某人提供某物

They decided to offer the job to Mike.

他们决定把这份工作给麦克。

She kindly offered me a cup of hot chocolate.

她体贴地递给我一杯热巧克力。

offer n. 主动提议，建议；出价

Thank you for your kind offer of help.

谢谢你的好心帮助。

Ive had an offer of 3，000 dollars for the car.

有人向我出价三千美元买这辆汽车。

2. respect vt. 遵守；尊敬，尊重

The teacher ask the students to respect the traffic rules.

老师要求学生们遵守交通规则。

He respects my opinion on most subjects.

在大多数问题上，他尊重我的意见。

respect sb for... 因……尊重某人

She has always been honest with me， and I respect her for that.

她一直对我很诚实，我非常敬重她这一点。

respect n. 尊重，尊敬；（事物的）方面，细节

Everyone has a right to be treated with respect.

人人有权受到尊重。

In this respect we are very fortunate.

在这方面，我们是很幸运的。

1） have/show respect for sb 尊敬某人

I have the greatest respect for your brother.

我非常尊敬你的哥哥。

2） with respect to sth 关于，谈到

With respect to your other suggestions， I am not yet able to tell you our decision.

关于你的其他建议，我现在还不能把我们的决定告诉你。

3. direct vt. 指挥；导演

adj. 笔直的；直接的

adv. 直线地；径直地

Im lost. Can you direct me to the nearest supermarket？

我迷路了。你能指给我去最近超市的路吗？

Who directed that new British film？

那部新的英国影片是谁导演的？

My friend took a direct flight from London to New York.

我的朋友搭乘的是从伦敦直飞纽约的航班。

It costs more to fly direct to Paris.

直飞巴黎的航班票价要贵些。

4. earn vt. & vi. 挣（钱）；获得；赢得

Now that youre earning， you should think about buying a house.

既然你开始挣钱了，就该想想买房子的事了。

She has earned a break after all that hard work.

她干完那些苦活后终于得到了一次休息的机会。

His outstanding ability earned him a place on the team.

他非凡的能耐为他在队中赢得了一席之地。

1） earn ones living 谋生

2） earn a fortune 挣大钱

5. require vt. 需要；规定；要求

（1） require sth 需要……

These pets require a lot of care and attention.

这些宠物需要悉心照顾。

（2） require that + 从句

在动词require后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用“（should+）动词原形”的虚拟语气形式。

The manager required that we （should） work all night.

经理要求我们通宵工作。

（3） require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事

All candidates will be required to take a short test.

所有候选者都要参加一次简短的测试。

（4） require doing sth 需要做某事

This house requires cleaning.

房子需要打扫了。

6. demand n. 要求；需要

Do you think they will give in to the terrorists demands？

你认为他们会对恐怖分子的要求让步吗？

There is not much demand for houses of this sort.

人们对这种类型的房屋需求不大。

in （great） demand （非常）需要

Oil is in great demand these days.

目前对石油的需求很大。

注意：

在动词demand后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用“（should+）动词原形”的虚拟语气形式。

The boss demanded that Tom （should） reply within a week.

老板要求汤姆在一周内作出答复。

7. suffer vi. 遭受（痛苦）

vt. 遭受，蒙受

If the factory closes， the other local businesses will suffer too.

这家工厂如果倒闭，当地的其他企业也要遭受损失。

She suffers from headaches.

她患头痛病。

He suffered a massive heart attack.

他的心脏病发作很严重。

8. double vi. & vt. 加倍，是……的两倍

n. 两倍，两倍数

adj. 两倍的；成双的；供两者用的

Membership almost doubled within two years.

两年内会员数目几乎翻了一番。

They doubled their output with the new machine.

他们使用这种新机器使产量提高了一倍。

He gets paid double for doing the same job as I do.

他与我做同样的工作，但报酬却比我多一倍。

They bought a new double bed yesterday.

昨天他们买了张新的双人床。

9. in particular 尤其；特别

He loves science fiction in particular.

他特别喜爱科幻小说。

Peter was lying on the sofa doing nothing in particular.

彼得躺在沙发上无所事事。

be particular about/over... 对……极为挑剔/讲究

She is very particular about her clothes.

她对衣着特别挑剔。

Chuck is too particular over what he will eat and drink.

查克对于他的饮食太讲究了。

10. in theory 理论上；从理论上来说

in practice 实际上；在实践中

In theory the train should arrive at 8， but in practice it is quite often late.

在理论上火车应该八点到达，但实际上它经常晚点。

11. take... for granted 以为……理所当然

I took it for granted that youd wanted to come with us， so I bought you a ticket.

我认为你想同我们一起去是理所当然的，所以给你买了一张票。

Her brother was always around and she just took him for granted.

她哥哥随时都在她身边，她只是认为他理应如此。

12. have an effect on 对……产生影响

The medicine has a good effect on me.

这种药对我有很好的疗效。

These advertisements didnt have much effect on sales.

这些广告对销售额没起到多大作用。

1） come into effect 生效，开始实施

2） bring/put sth into effect 使生效；实行

3） take effect 开始起作用，见效

13. in response to 作为……的回应

The product was developed in response to customers demand.

这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。

She opened the door in response to the knock.

听到敲门声后，她便打开了门。

1） make no response 不回答；无反应

He made no response to my inquiry.

他对我的询问未予回答。

2） respond to 回答；反应

How did they respond to the news？

他们对这则消息有什么反应？

跟踪导练（一）

A

What is your favorite color？ Do you like yellow， orange， or red？ If you do， you must be an optimist， a leader， an active person who enjoys life， people and excitement. Do you prefer gray and blue？ Then you are probably quiet， shy and you would rather follow than lead. If you love green， you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people to see you are successful. At least this is what psychologists（心理学家）tell us， and they should know， because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference（爱好）and the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us that we dont choose our favorite color as we grow up. If you happen to love brown， you did so as soon as you opened your eyes， or at least as soon as you could see clearly.

A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a dark green one， and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand， black is depressing. Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. It is a fact that factory workers work better， harder， and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray.

Remember， then， that if you feel low， you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful things. Remember also that you will know your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors they like and dislike. And dont forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose a piece of handkerchief.

1. What color does one probably like if he is used to following others？

A. Red. B. Blue.

C. Orange. D. Yellow.

2. What can we learn about color preference from the text？

A. It changes as you grow.

B. It came with your birth.

C. It can be chosen as you like.

D. It was decided when you first saw colors.

3. What is the topic of Paragraph 2？

A. Colors affect our mood.

B. Warm colors give us energy.

C. Bright colors make our rooms warm.

D. We should keep away from dark colors.

4. What can we learn from the last paragraph？

A. Colors can help us make friends.

B. Friends and enemies like different colors.

C. We can judge a person by the colors he likes.

D. You can know one better through his color preference.

B

AIDS is now generally believed to be caused by HIV which was originally spread to humans from chimps（黑猩猩）from West Africa.

The first known cases of AIDS occurred in the United States in the early 1980s， among a number of homosexual（同性恋的）men in New York and California. At that time， the illness was seen to be connected with cancer and seemed unable to be treated. Before long， it became clear that these men were suffering from this rare illness.

In 1999， scientists claimed to have found out the origins of the HIV， which they said had developed from a virus found in monkeys from West Africa. Some claimed the virus was spread to humans through hunting and possibly eating of the chimps. Another theory was that it was spread through something grown in chimp kidney（肾脏）cells and then given to around a million people in different countries in the late 1950s.

Later， studies suggested the virus was first present in humans in West Africa as far back as 1931. In the 1980s， scientific journals carried evidence that AIDS arrived in the US through Haiti， which led to a large number of US Haitian immigrants losing their jobs and being driven out from their homes. Although scientists would continue to say the disease arrived in Haiti when workers returned home from working in Africa， they said that none of the people who first spread it would have known they were infected.

Since HIV/AIDS took hold， a number of causes have led to their rapid spread， including the sharing of needles by drug addicts and medical patients in poor countries， and the use of blood carrying the HIV virus in medical practice.

5. When AIDS was first known in America， ___ .

A. it had affected West Africa

B. people paid no attention to it

C. it was thought to be a deadly disease

D. people had known where it came from

6. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3？

A. The treatment of AIDS.

B. The origins of the HIV.

C. The harm of AIDS.

D. The signs of HIV.

7. Why were many US Haitian immigrants driven out of the US in the 1980s？

A. They were very poor.

B. They spread AIDS on purpose.

C. They were believed to carry the HIV.

D. They made many Americans lose jobs.

8. What can we infer from the last paragraph？

A. AIDS spread rapidly.

B. HIV patients often share needles.

C. People know how to keep AIDS away.

D. AIDS patients are mainly from poor countries.

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

account barber bend circle direct

electric intellect respect satisfy stress

1. Now let me introduce Mrs White， who is as ____ as she is beautiful.

2. Its a very ____ feeling when youve done a good job.

3. Research has shown that the act of writing about an event has helped individuals deal with ____ times.

4. Both of us worked in the electric shop， and I eventually became the chief ____ .

5. The laws of the country we are in should be ____ .

6. Be careful！ There is a sharp ____ on the road.

7. One complete ____ track appears in the lower part of the photograph.

8. The old man offered to help the policeman ____ the traffic.

下列各句每句有1个错误。

1. The factory， include its machines， was burnt last night. ___

2. I was reading a book when an old man comes to see me. ___

3. Although Jane is rich and elegant， she is never particular with food or clothes. ___

4. The sandstorm made us to realize the importance of protecting the environment. ___

1. 因为有我最爱的明星出演，我特别想看这部新电影。

2. 他意识到自己能活着是非常幸运的，并且感到帮助他人是他一生的使命。

3. 我平均每个星期花五小时读报。

4. 我们不应该认为他们的服务是理所当然的，我们应该尊敬他们。

1. The seller would sell the dress for thirty dollars， but the customer ___ only half the price.

A. asked B. sold

C. offered D. charged

2. With great efforts of the peace-loving people all over the world， the country ___ the war.

A. survived B. survived with

C. survived to D. survived from

3. It was a pity that the great writer died ___ his work unfinished.

A. from B. with

C. for D. of

4. His excellent education background ___ him for this job.

A. promises B. encourages

C. leads D. qualifies

5. He ___ what his students presented， which ___ the committee.

A. was satisfied with； was satisfied with

B. was satisfied with； satisfied

C. satisfied； was satisfied with

D. satisfied； satisfied

6. Im afraid that the idea will not work ___ when carried out.

A. in theory B. in public

C. in practice D. in private

7. He made a ___ answer to the charge which was brought against him.

A. direct B. directed

C. directive D. directory

8. — What do you think of this book？

— Oh， excellent！ Its worth ___ a second time.

A. to read B. to be read

C. reading D. being read

What do you want to be when you grow up？ A teacher？ A doctor？ How about an ice cream taster？

Yes， there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice cream. Just ask John Harrison， an “Official Taste Tester” for the past 21 years. Testing helps manufacturers（制造商）to be sure of a products quality. During his career， Harrison has been responsible for approving（通过）large quantities of the sweet ice cream as well as for developing over 75 flavors.

Some people think that it would be easy to do this job， after all， you just have to like ice cream， right？ “No—it needs more to do than that，” says Harrison. He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field.

Every morning， Harrison tastes 60 ice cream samples（样品）. He lets the ice cream warm up at first. Harrison explains， “You get more flavors from warmer ice cream. That is why some kids like to stir（搅拌）it， creating ice cream soup.”

While the ice cream warms up， Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one by its appearance. “Tasting begins with eyes，” he explains. He checks it to see if the ice cream is attractive and asks himself， “Does the product have the color expected from that flavor？” Next， its time to taste！

Continuing to think up new ideas， try out new flavors， and test samples from so many kinds of ice cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy.

1. What is John Harrison？ （within 6 words）

2. What is helpful to be qualified in the “cool” field according to John Harrison？ （within 5 words）

3. How many ice cream samples does Harrison taste every morning？ （1 word）

4. What does Harrison do first when testing ice cream？ （within 8 words）

5. Why do some kids like to stir ice cream to create ice cream soup according to John Harrisons explanation？ （within 10 words）

跟踪导练（二）

A

There are millions of used cell phones in the world today； the most of them just lay in our houses without any purpose. Everyday dozens of new cell phone models appeared. Today， you can find what was regarded as a fantasy yesterday in a store and you will buy it tomorrow. But what to do with the old phones， and which work well enough and not so old？

Just get some money！ Simply Sellular is buying almost all models of cell phones： LG， Motorola， HP， Siemens， Samsung， Sanyo， Nokia and many others cell phones. Also they accept phones produced in every country， and in every condition. Simply Sellular can offer a good price for your old cell phone in cash. Their mission is giving you a simple way to get money for an old phone， as simple and profitable as possible. Also they offer a trade-in scheme（折价方案）to get another model instead of your phone， providing a good service after the sale.

Also Simply Sellular works with the so-called 911 cell phone program. So you can donate（捐赠）your cell phone to them to help some people who need it. They know what to do with your old phone！ You can be interested in their recycling programs， where every used cell phone could be easily recycled for a few time. Simply Sellular donates some phones， which are good for refurbish（翻新）， to people who need it， for example women or military personnel. If the refurbish is impossible they just recycle cell phones.

Just think a minute： its a good deal to get some money for your old cell phone， good deal to help somebody with your phone and really important to recycle all techniques after use. Working with Simply Sellular you get every possibility absolutely free. And they will pay you！ Thats a really good deal！

1. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 suggests that ___ .

A. the cell phone models change very rapidly

B. every one loves the new and dislikes the old

C. people rush to purchase what is regarded as a fantasy

D. what was a fantasy yesterday will no longer be good for tomorrow

2. When you want a new cell phone， you are advised to ___ .

A. keep the old one in house to add your collections

B. return the old one to the producer to get some money

C. sell the old one to Simply Selluar at a reasonable price

D. throw the old one into the dustbin to protect your health

3. Because of the work of Simply Sellular， the cell phone donated is probably ___ .

A. still in use by others

B. collected and on show

C. sent to a poorer country

D. refurnished and sold again

4. This passage is written with the purpose to ___ .

A. warn people of the risks of using cell phones

B. introduce to us what to do with old cell phones

C. encourage us to keep up with new technologies

D. advise people not to change cell phones frequently

B

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5. FanStory.com is a website where you can ___ .

A. tell your stories

B. publish your poems

C. win a lot of money easily

D. put on all forms of your writing

6. How many benefits can a member get if the prices are not included？

A. 5. B. 7.

C. 9. D. 11.

7. Which of the following prices is mentioned in the passage？

A. Membership for two months.

B. Membership for one month.

C. Membership for nine years.

D. Magazine subscription.

8. The purpose of writing this passage is mainly to ___ .

A. provide writers with more entertainment

B. introduce an online magazine to writers

C. encourage people to join FanStory.com

D. explain the reviews of writing skills

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

analyse contract earn encounter freeze

freezer qualify sign staff temporary

1. On ____ the celebrity， the fans asked for his autograph.

2. I had only a small private income on which to live until I ____ as a doctor.

3. These students found ____ jobs during their summer holidays.

4. The water in the tank has ____ ， so weve got no water.

5. I havent signed the ____ yet. Im still thinking about it.

6. As a teacher， she had ____ the respect and consideration of her students.

7. Please ____ your name here after reading the form.

8. ____ expected the growth rate of the second season to be 2.2% at first.

下列各句每句有1个错误。

1. One weekend， I settled down to the exciting task of applying a scholarship. ___

2. She claimed she was qualified to the job and we trusted her.

___

3. He called in me soon after he returned from a cocktail party for his business. ___

4. When I enter the room， my cousin was sitting at her desk.

___

1. 别在意你在报纸上看到的东西。

2. 多亏工作人员的及时拯救，那场事故没有造成什么永久性损伤。

3. 北风使花园里的池水结冰了。

4. 当他搭飞机从纽约赶到家时，我们已把房子打扫干净了。

1. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He ___ there for a few months and then went to America.

A. had worked B. was working

C. has worked D. would work

2. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didnt want her parents to know what she ___ .

A. has done B. is doing

C. had done D. was doing

3. You can hardly imagine how excited I was when the day I was looking forward to ___ at last.

A. coming B. comes

C. came D. come

4. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ___ each other for years.

A. have known B. know

C. had known D. knew

5. I dont believe youve already finished reading the book. I___ it to you this morning！

A. was lending B. had lent

C. would lend D. lent

6. Mary was employed by the company that she ___ .

A. was applied to B. had applied to

C. was applied for D. had applied for

7. Having studied in a medical college for four years， Jane ___ her job as a doctor in New York.

A. took up B. set up

C. took over D. set out

8. According to the literary review， Shakespeare ___ his characters live through the language in his plays.

A. will make B. makes

C. was making D. had made

When I was little， I wanted to be a princess. I 1 I got anything I wanted. Then， when I was four， a native American woman 2 my school as a guest. She talked to us about their 3 ， like what they wore or how they greeted one another. Then， she gave each child an Indian name. The boys got 4 names like Flying Eagle. The girls got princess names： Princess Moon and the like. But when it was my 5 ， she said， “You are Rabbits Foot.”

I looked at the girl next to me， who had been named Princess Autumn Leaves， and 6 what she had but I didnt have. Whatever the mysterious 7 was， I thought to myself， “Not everyone can be a princess.”

Whatever I was when growing up， I 8 wasnt a princess. My father never 9 me his “princess”. At the kindergarten， the 10 girls—the ones with the beautiful leather shoes— 11 to sit with me no matter what I wore. This 12 repeated itself through high school and college as well.

But not being a princess actually 13 me， as I didnt feel it necessary to be the center of attention. And if I got praise， I 14 it. Princesses， on the other hand， are born to be praised.

Recently， I told a friend the 15 of Indian naming in my school. To my 16 ， she pointed out something wonderful， “Rabbits Foot 17 good luck. Thats better than being a princess.”

I 18 realized what a great name I had been given. My friend was 19 . I am lucky. And 20 I am not a princess， I dont expect praise or love. I just feel lucky when some of it comes my way.

1. A. forgot B. discovered C. imagined D. agreed

2. A. founded B. visited C. joined D. directed

3. A. customs B. families C. rules D. habits

4. A. funny B. famous C. beautiful D. strong

5. A. point B. duty C. turn D. service

6. A. questioned B. wondered C. asked D. realized

7. A. quality B. secret C. product D. present

8. A. specially B. firstly C. really D. nearly

9. A. found B. called C. brought D. promised

10. A. tall B. clever C. popular D. friendly

11. A. wanted B. afforded C. struggled D. refused

12. A. situation B. behavior C. activity D. attitude

13. A. trained B. freed C. destroyed D. satisfied

14. A. expected B. hated C. earned D. needed

15. A. story B. effect C. chance D. pain

16. A. happiness B. anger C. sadness D. surprise

17. A. collects B. determines C. means D. enjoys

18. A. rarely B. never C. once D. always

19. A. active B. normal C. positive D. right

20. A. if B. although C. because D. unless

跟踪导练（三）

A

Riding School

You can start horse-riding at any age. Choose private or group lessons any weekday between 9 am and 8：30 pm （3：30 pm on Saturdays）. There are 10 kilometers of tracks and paths for leisurely rides across farmland and open country. You will need a riding hat.

Opening Hours： Monday through Friday， 9：00 am—8：30 pm

Phone： （412） 396-6754

Fax： （412） 396-6752

Sailing Club

Our Young Sailors Course leads to the Stage 1 Sailing qualification. Youll learn how to sail safely and the course also covers sailing theory and first aid. Have fun with other course member， afterwards in the clubroom. There are 10 weekly two-hour lessons （Tuesdays 6 pm—8 pm）.

Opening Hours： Tuesdays， 6：00 pm—8：00 pm

Phone： （412） 396-6644

Fax： （412） 396-6644

Diving Center

Our experienced instructors offer one-month courses in deep-sea diving for beginners. There are two evening lessons a week， in which you learn to breathe underwater and use the equipment safely. You only need swimming costume and towel. Reduced rates for couples.

Opening Hours： Monday and Friday， 6：30 pm—8：30 pm

Phone： （412） 396-6312

Fax： （412） 396-6706

Medical Center

The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and comprehensive medical care to students and staff of the university. The center is well equipped and the staffs here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problems. Both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultation（咨询）. Also， all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores.

Opening Hours： 24 hour from Monday to Sunday

Phone： （412） 396-6649

Fax： （412） 396-6648

1. If you want to experience a new activity in the countryside in the mornings， you may fax ___ .

A. （412） 396-6648 B. （412） 396-6706

C. （412） 396-6752 D. （412） 396-6644

2. You want to do an activity one evening a week and get a certificate in the end， you can go to ___ .

A. Sailing Club B. Diving Center

C. Riding School D. Medical Center

3. If you are planning to explore the ocean depths， you should attend your lessons at ___ .

A. Tuesdays： 6：00 pm—8：00 pm

B. 24 hour from Monday to Sunday

C. Monday and Friday： 6：30 pm—8：30 pm

D. Monday through Friday： 7：00 am—10：00 pm

4. Which of the following is the convenience that the Medical Center provides？

A. Only male doctors.

B. Well trained staff members.

C. Nursery for newly-born babies.

D. A few less expensive medicines.

B

Social rules or laws on marriage vary widely between countries. Some countries still do not have a legal minimum（最小的）age for marriage， which makes child marriages very common there.

In the western Christian countries， a 13-year-old is still considered a child. Even getting married in ones late teens is not usually encouraged because married life is likely to interfere with（妨碍）a young womans education and consequently limit opportunities in later life. And there might be also physical dangers in giving birth so young.

In many countries， the trends of urbanization and education for girls have seen a drop in the number of child brides. However， early marriages continue to occur in poor rural areas. In one poor country， for example， the legal age of marriage for a girl is 18 and to a boy， 21. Yet， according to government statistics， 18 percent of ten-to-fourteen-year-old girls in the poorest rural state are married. It is clear， then， that child marriages are connected with poverty， lack of education， rural customs as well as religion. So there are hardly child marriages in urban or rich areas.

5. What is the possible problem for a woman to get married early？

A. It causes baby death.

B. It costs a lot of money.

C. It does harm to her health.

D. It limits her chances to succeed.

6. What is the actual youngest marriage age in a poor country according to the last paragraph？

A. 12. B. 14.

C. 18. D. 21.

7. According to the text， child marriages are related to ___ .

a. rural customs

b. religious background

c. social communication

d. poverty and lack of education

A. a， b， c B. a， c， d

C. b， c， d D. a， b， d

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

available chef disappear essential grate

organise post require salary shot

1. Mr Smiths take-home ____ is 6，000 dollars a month.

2. His sudden ____ is being looked into by the police.

3. In fact， it might help you improve ____ performance.

4. We will add 15 new ____ next year in order to develop and expand our company.

5. All passengers are ____ to show their tickets before they get on board.

6. We can live without clothes， but food and drink are ____ .

7. I would be most ____ if you could send me some information about your new product.

8. Attention， please. These tickets are ____ on the day of issue only.

下列各句每句有1个错误。

1. The students required that Professor Wang gave a lecture.

___

2. Yesterday morning I read their latest news on the paper.

___

3. I really look forward at your birthday party since you have prepared it so carefully. ___

4. He was writing in response for the advertisement for a waiter. ___

1. 我很惊讶大卫那时没有来申请这份工作。他可能没看到那则广告。

2. 为了回报他们的盛情，我们写了一封感谢信。

3. 如果我的推论正确的话，我可以告诉你谁是凶手。

4. 委员会应该每周碰头的建议需要仔细考虑。

1. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ___ at least 160 kilometers an hour.

A. could have driven B. must have driven

C. should have driven D. would have driven

2. They made a quick ___ to my letter after receiving my dissatisfaction with the contents of their magazine.

A. responsible B. respond

C. responsibility D. response

3. ___ that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.

A. It requires B. What requires

C. It is required D. What is required

4. She ___ have left school， for her bike is still here.

A. shouldnt B. neednt

C. wouldnt D. cant

5. The rescue workers did their best to ___ the old people leaving the houses badly damaged in the earthquake.

A. suggest B. require

C. advise D. order

6. Because it was an urgent matter， we took the first ___ train.

A. arrived B. available

C. left D. effective

7. — I drove my car at a speed of 150 kms an hour this afternoon.

It was great fun.

— Did you go crazy？ You ___ yourself.

A. could kill B. might kill

C. could have killed D. must have killed

8. — It cant have been easy for you to make such a decision.

— No. ___ .

A. But I managed somehow B. It was a piece of cake

C. Well， never mind D. No problem

Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident， not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for happiness and security. As a result， they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. Some just stay long at a job and learn to like it. The young graduates who leave the university look for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation.

Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there has never been a proper vocational （职业）guidance in our educational system. Nearly all grope （摸索）in the dark and their first concern when they look for a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or， even more important， whether the job suits them. Having a job is more than only providing yourself with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment. It sets a type of life and， in many ways， determines social status in life， selection of friends， leisure and interest.

In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest. Nothing is sadder than taking on a job in which you have no interest， for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents and finally make you a bitter person.

1. Whats the working situation of young people employed quite by accident？ （within 9 words）

2. What kind of jobs do the young graduates look for？ （within 9 words）

3. What does the difficulty in choosing a suitable job mainly lie in？ （within 8 words）

4. What is the students first concern when they look for a job？ （within 4 words）

5. What is the most important for a person in choosing a career according to the last paragraph？ （within 8 words）

跟踪导练（四）

A

Advances in health， education and disease prevention and treatments are making human life longer. But what you may not know is that some seemingly unimportant things can also influence how long and how well youll live. Here is the latest research on longevity（长寿）signs.

Sign 1： Your Mom Had You Young

If she was under age 25， youre twice as likely to live to 100 as someone born to an older mom. They think that younger moms produce healthier babies.

Sign 2： Youre a Tea Lover

Both green tea and black tea contain catechins（儿茶酚）， something that helps blood vessels（血管）relax and protects your heart. In a study of more than 40，500 Japanese men and women， those who drank five or more cups of green tea every day had the lowest risk of dying from heart disease. Other studies about black tea showed similar results. You really need only one or two cups of tea daily to start doing your heart some good. Ready-to-drink tea doesnt offer the same health effects. “Once water is added to tea leaves， their catechins disappear within a few days，” says a professor. Also， some studies show that adding milk may get rid of teas effects， so stick to just lemon or honey.

Sign 3： Youd Rather Walk

“Fit” people—defined as those who walk for about 30 minutes a day—are more likely to live longer than those who walk less. So take a walk during your lunch hour， do exercise around the field while your kid is at soccer practice—try by hook or by crook to move a little more， every day.

Sign 4： You Have Strong Legs

Lower-body strength translates into good balance， flexibility， and power， which， as you get older， play an important part in reducing your risk of falls and injuries， leading to better health. Now you see， it is necessary to strengthen your lower-body. But the question is： how？

1. Which of the following is TRUE about tea？

A. Green tea contains more catechins than black tea.

B. One or two cups of tea daily are best for your heart.

C. Ready-to-drink tea is not as good as newly-made tea.

D. Adding milk into tea can improve the good effects of tea.

2. What does the underlined phrase “try by hook or by crook” in Paragraph 4 mean？

A. To try your best. B. To use some tools.

C. To choose carefully. D. To work out new ways.

3. According to the passage， your longevity are affected by things such as ___ .

a. lower-body strength

b. medical advances

c. your moms age

d. living habits

A. a， b， c B. a， c， d

C. a， b， d D. b， c， d

4. The passage is mainly about ___ .

A. how advanced science helps people live longer

B. how women give birth to healthy babies

C. signs that tell you your health condition

D. the new discovery of longevity signs

B

Itake the position that parents do not owe their children a college education. If they can afford it， they can certainly send them to the best universities. But they must not feel guilty if they cant. If the children really want to go， theyll find a way. There are plenty of loans（贷款）and scholarships for the bright and eager ones who cant afford to pay.

When children grow up and want to get married， their parents do not owe them a down payment on a house. They do not have the duty to look after their grandchildren. If they want to do it， it must be considered a favor， not an obligation.

Do parents owe their children anything？ Yes， they owe them a great deal.

One of their obligations is to give their children a personal worth. A child who is always made to feel stupid and unworthy， constantly compared with brighter brothers， sisters， or cousins will become so unsure， so afraid of failing that he （or she） wont try at all. Of course they should be properly corrected when they do wrong， but its often better to let children learn their mistakes by themselves in time. All their parents should do is to trust them， respect them， understand them and give them chances to try and fail. They must learn to stand failure. When criticisms are really needed， they should be balanced with a smile and a kiss. That is the way children learn.

Parents owe their children a set of solid values around which to build their lives. This means teaching them to respect the rights and opinions of others； it means being respectful to elders， to teachers， and to the law. The best way to teach such values is by deed（行为）. A child who is lied to will lie. A child who sees no laughter and no love in the home will have difficulty laughing and loving.

No child asks to be born. If you bring a life into the world， you owe the child something.

5. We can learn from Paragraph 1 that ___ .

A. must support their children even after they married

B. should give their children a down payment on a house

C. should take loans to send their children to go to college

D. neednt feel guilty if they cant send their children to universities

6. What does the underlined word “obligation” in Paragraph 2 mean？

A. Duty. B. Loan.

C. Right. D. Excuse.

7. According to the author what should parents do when children make mistakes？

A. Understand them and tell them not to do that again.

B. Let them learn the mistakes by themselves in time.

C. Compare them with brighter brothers or sisters.

D. Correct their mistakes immediately.

8. In this passage the author mainly talks about ___ .

A. the duties of the parents

B. the best way to teach children

C. the reason why children feel stupid and unworthy

D. the reason why parents owe their children something

从下列方框里10个单词中选择8个适当单词的正确形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每个单词只使用一次。

demand double fit individual leisure

outgoing person suffer tradition youngster

1. These developments have created a great ____ for home computers.

2. Michael says his country wants to develop its ____ friendship with China.

3. The government attaches special importance to drug prevention education for ____ .

4. The farmers might ____ some loss of income but no one would starve.

5. Please ____ all the quantities in the program to make enough for eight people.

6. The director of the factory felt no ____ responsibility for the debt.

7. Lily is an ____ girl while her sister Ally is very shy.

8. The children all have very different ____ .

下列各句每句有1个错误。

1. I demand Cate to go to the international meeting as soon as possible. ___

2. His friend has suffered illness for two years. ___

3. The fall in the cost of living is directly related for the drop in the oil price. ___

4. The teacher said that we should combine theory to practice.

___

1. 爸爸告诉我说有求必应是不可能的。

2. 在上了健康教育课之后，他们天天做体操以增进健康。

3. 我们来办家公司吧，这样就能把我的科学知识和你的商业专长结合起来。

4. 自从我三年前买了这套房子以来，它的价值已经翻了一番。

1. He will agree to do what you require ___ him.

A. for B. on

C. to D. of

2. The research team ___ seven well-known physicists， ___ two Chinese ones.

A. contains； including B. contains； containing

C. includes； including D. includes； containing

3. Im certain Jacks told you his business troubles. ___ ， its no secret that he borrowed a lot of money from the bank.

A. Therefore B. Anyway

C. Besides D. Though

4. Because of ___ high demand for Type B blood， ___supplies of it are usually limited.

A. the； the B. a； 不填

C. 不填； the D. a； the

5. The matter ___ to our study requires ___ with carefully.

A. related； dealing B. relating； dealt

C. related； being dealt D. relating； have dealt

6. ___ all his followers dead， the captain was taken by his enemy.

A. As B. With

C. For D. Since

7. — Can you describe his ___ ？

— Hardworking， outgoing， and very patient.

A. appearance B. background

C. talent D. personality

8. — Do you think the Stars will beat the Lakers？

— Yes. They have better players， so I ___ them to win.

A. hope B. want

C. expect D. prefer

Jenkins was a jeweller（珠宝匠）， who had made a large diamond ring worth 57，000 for the Silkstone Jewellery Shop. When it was ready， he made a copy of it which looked 1 like the first one but was worth only 2，000. He took this to the shop， which 2 it without question.

Jenkins gave the much more 3 ring to his wife for her fortieth birthday. Then， the husband and wife 4 to Paris for a weekend. As to the 5 ring， the shop sold it for 60，000.

Six months later the buyer 6 it back to Silkstones office. “Its a faulty（有瑕疵的）diamond，” he said. “It isnt worth the high 7 I paid.” Then he told them the 8 . His wifes car had caught fire in an 9 . Luckily she had escaped， 10 the ring had fallen off and been damaged in the great 11 of the fire.

The shop had to 12 that the diamond was faulty. They knew that no fire on earth can 13 damage a perfect diamond. Someone had taken the 14 diamond and put a faulty one in its place. The question was： who 15 it？

A picture of the ring appeared in the 16 . A reader thought he 17 the ring. The next day， another picture appeared in the papers which 18 a famous dancer walking out of a plane to Paris. Behind the dancer there was a woman 19 a large diamond ring. “Do you know the 20 with the lovely diamond ring？” the papers asked their readers. Several months later， Jenkins was sentenced to（被判处）seven years in prison.

1. A. only B. surely C. nearly D. exactly

2. A. accepted B. signed C. refused D. carried

3. A. real B. modern C. worthy D. valuable

4. A. flew B. drove C. sailed D. bicycled

5. A. first B. second C. last D. next

6. A. bought B. posted C. brought D. returned

7. A. cost B. money C. price D. value

8. A. facts B. matters C. questions D. results

9. A. affair B. accident C. event D. experience

10. A. so B. or C. but D. and

11. A. suffer B. heat C. power D. pressure

12. A. think B. agree C. permit D. promise

13. A. almost B. even C. just D. ever

14. A. real B. perfect C. right D. exact

15. A. copied B. made C. picked D. did

16. A. notices B. magazines C. newspapers D. programmes

17. A. caught B. knew C. realised D. recognised

18. A. showed B. drew C. printed D. carried

19. A. carrying B. dressing C. wearing D. holding

20. A. dancer B. woman C. reader D. jeweller

Seven Most Meaningful Happy Jobs

七大最有意义的幸福工作

“A meaningful life must， in some sense then， feel worthwhile. The person living the life must be engaged by it. A life of commitment to causes that are generally defined as worthy—like feeding and clothing the poor or ministering to the ill—but that do not move the person participating in them will lack meaningfulness in this sense. However， for a life to be meaningful， it must also be worthwhile. Engagement in a life of tiddlywinks does not rise to the level of a meaningful life， no matter how gripped one might be by the game.” This is what underlies the difference between the happiest jobs and the most hated jobs.

“富有意义的生活在一定意义上必须让人感到值得。过这种生活的人必须全身心投入其中。如果一个人的生活奉献给了普遍被认为有价值的事业，比方说给贫苦人提供衣食或照顾病患，但这并没有使这个人参与其中，那么在这一意义上，生活就失去了意义。然而，富有意义的人生也必须是值得拥有的。充斥着挑圆片游戏的人生并没有上升到有意义的人生高度，不管一个人因这个游戏可能会变得多么有影响力。”这就是最幸福的工作与最令人厌恶的工作的根本区别。

1. Firefighter 消防员

80 percent of firefighters are “very satisfied” with their jobs， which involve helping people.

80%的消防员对自己的工作“非常满意”，这份工作是在给予人们帮助。

2. Physical Therapist 理疗师

Social interaction and helping people apparently make this job one of the happiest jobs.

社会互动和帮助他人明显使这份工作成为最幸福的工作之一。

3. Author 作家

For most authors， the pay is ridiculously low or non-existent， but the autonomy of writing down the contents of your own mind apparently leads to happiness.

对于大多数作家来说，他们的报酬少得可怜或者根本没有，但是写下自己心中所想的自由显然会带来幸福。

4. Special Education Teacher 特殊教育老师

If you dont care about money， a job as special education teacher might be a happy profession.

如果你不在乎金钱，特殊教育老师这个工作或许是个幸福的职业。

5. Teacher 教师

Teachers in general report being happy with their jobs， despite the current issues with education funding and classroom conditions. The profession continues to attract young idealists， although 50 percent of new teachers are gone within five years.

尽管当前存在着教育经费和教室条件的问题，一般来说教师们还是感到自己的工作是很幸福的。这一职业继续吸引着年轻的理想主义者，尽管在五年以内有50%的新教师已经转行。

6. Artist 艺术家

Sculptors and painters report high job satisfaction， despite the great difficulty in making a living from it.

雕刻家和画家据称是工作满意度高的职业，尽管在这一职业上谋生有着相当大的困难。

7. Psychologist 心理学家

Psychologists may or may not be able to solve other peoples problems， but it seems that they have managed to solve their own.

心理学家可能会也可能不会解决其他人的问题，但是似乎他们能够解决自己的问题。