公共再利用奖：布达艺术中心，科特赖克，比利时

建筑设计：51N4E建筑事务所

公共再利用奖：布达艺术中心，科特赖克，比利时

建筑设计：51N4E建筑事务所

1 外景/Exterior view

科特赖克市的布达地区被利斯河的两条支流包围着。这里充分体现着比利时小镇丰富而特殊的历史风貌。几个世纪以来，布达地区为病弱和贫穷的人们提供了庇护，并且这座小岛最终成为了傍水工业蓬勃发展的中心。这一地区的这两种不同的特质今天仍然以独特的方式留下了痕迹。虽然过去的救济院已经让位给了医院和养老院，而过去的工业空间也被改作成了文化用途，但布达岛上仍然弥漫着不受拘束的氛围，任何事都充满实验性，科特赖克这座城市也从不放过任何引人注目的机会，在设计上尤其如此。

这一特征的最新例证就是布达工厂，一座由1924年建的染料工厂改造而成的建筑。这一建筑过去并没有留下明确的历史或空间资料，其独特之处在于内部不常见的大空间能以极低的成本进行改造，以满足广泛的文化用途。内部的空间系统经过了特别设计，以使这座结构坚固的建筑能作为工作室使用，这也符合建筑原本为生产所使用的目的。

既有建筑环绕着一个五边形的空间，形成开敞的前庭，中间则设有一系列不固定的壁龛和灯饰。另一个五角形建筑中则设有展示空间、工作室和工作间，并通过架设在现有厂房屋顶上的平台与周边环境相连。

51N4E的建筑师所做的只是改变了混凝土和砖的经典角色： “砖以一种能承担所有墙体重量的非常坚固的方式相连接，形成一种华夫状的结构，两面墙能够相互连接在一起，更增强了墙体的稳定性。这是一个解决结构问题的非常简单的方法。”而在新的隔墙的处理上，建筑师选择了一种与既有材料非常协调的面材：一种像佛兰德西部地区的土壤颜色般的黄色砖。“因为曾在过去被改造和重建过许多次，现有建筑中有15种不同的砖，我们考虑了与地板颜色的协调性，觉得这种颜色与其搭配非常漂亮。”此外，这种颜色也与周围的红砖建筑形成了一种对比关系。

对于各种现有材料的成功翻修和对新材料的恰当选择形成了紧凑而大气的空间，而建筑体现的粗糙朴素的特质则呼应了建筑最初让人们单纯地聚在一起创造东西的建造初衷。这是一座让人身处其中而非让人在外欣赏的建筑。（司马蕾 译）

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: 科特赖克市政府/City of Kortrijk

建设周期/Construction Period: 2011 - 2012

使用面积/Usable Floor Area: 3900m²

建筑用途/Building's Purpose: 艺术家工作室，艺术中心/ Artists' ateliers, art centre

用砖类型/Brick Type: 面砖/Facing bricks

摄影/Photos: Wienerberger AG/Filip Dujardin (Fig.1,2,6,7), Paul Steinbrueck (Fig.3,9), Mathieu Bayart (Fig.8)

2 庭院/Courtyard

The Buda quarter of Kortrijk is enclosed by the two arms of the Leie river. This is the heart of the Belgian town's rich but idiosyncratic history. Over the centuries, Buda offered refuge to the sick and indigent, and eventually the island also became a thriving centre of water-based industries. In a strange way, these two incongruous roles are still very much in evidence today, even though the poorhouses have long given way to hospitals and nursing homes, and the old industrial spaces are now used for cultural purposes. These days the island of Buda is suffused by an atmosphere of unfettered, anything goes experimentation, with Kortrijk missing no opportunity to court the limelight, particularly in matters of design.

The latest example of this striving is the Buda factory, a former dye works dating back to 1924.The building is of no particular historical or spatial note; its one distinction lies in its being convertible at extremely low cost to unusually large spaces with a broad cultural application. The programmatic infill is deliberately ancillary; the priority lay in making the solidly built structure suitable for workshops, a purpose in line with its original manufacturing use.

A pentagon closely inscribed in the row of existing buildings creates a forecourt open to the sky with a stimulating series of indeterminate niches and lighting moods. A second pentagon within opens up exhibition spaces, studios and workshops that communicate with their surroundings via a terrace erected on the existing factory roofs.

51N4E Architects just changed the classical roles of concrete and brick: "The brick is made in such a way that it can takes all the forces and is stable enough. So it's a kind of waffle structure where the two walls are connected to each other and this gives it stability. And it's a very simple way to solve this issue." For the new separations the architects chose a facing brick that went particularly well with the existing material: a yellow brick characteristic of the loam soil of western Flanders. "There were 15 different bricks used in this building because it has been renovated and rebuilt many times, and I think together with the colour of the floors that we found, this color matches very beautifully." Outside, there is a tension with the neighbouring red-brick buildings.

The successful refurbishment of the various existing materials and the fitting choice of new ones has resulted in a dense, atmospheric ensemble whose rough-hewn simplicity recalls a building in which people simply come together to create things. It is a building for looking, not a building to look at.

3 鸟瞰/Aerial view

4 区位/Location

5 平面/Floor plan

评委评语

维拉·亚诺夫辛斯基（荷兰）：这是一座旧厂房建筑，而建筑师在其中使用了现代建筑的设计手法。项目对砖的使用采用了北方国家的常规做法：体现了砖作为发展完善、工业化和模数化程度很高的理想建材的特质。砖砌的结构和其建造的方式都极好地体现了材料的特性，也非常适合这座建筑。其设计成果并不是一座传统或是常见的建筑，而是因为将砖作为如丝绸般的表皮材料使用而形成了独特的效果，最为明显的特征就是建筑表面色彩的细微差异。建筑在空间设计和材质使用上都形成了新与旧之间的和谐结合，我认为这种同时创造出和谐与张力的设计非常优美，其中也穿插了一些与新的和谐形成对比的手法。其中给我留下最深印象的是建筑体现的设计者智慧与敏感性的结合。我认为建筑师通过材料的使用与成熟的设计方式让建筑达到了最佳的效果。（司马蕾 译）

Jury Statement:

Vera Yanovshtchinsky (the Netherlands):It is an old factory and the architects designed interventions for it using modern architecture. This project used brick the way we often use brick in the northern countries: as a highly-developed, industrial, modular, perfect building product. The masonry, the way of building it, suits this building. The result, however, is not a traditional or common one. The result is unique, because what you get is brick that becomes almost fabric-like. It has some of the qualities of silk, a material in which color nuances are often the most striking feature. The building is a harmonious combination, of both space and material, and between the old and the new. I find it a very beautiful way of creating harmony and tension at the same time. It combines what seemed like opposites into a new harmony. I was very impressed by the building's combination of intelligence and sensitivity. I have the feeling that they have achieved all that was possible to achieve by pushing the materials and the design with such sophistication.

6 通道/Corridor

7-9 内景/Interior view

评论

胡越：一座旧染料厂房被改造成为艺术中心，初看起来显得有些平淡无奇，但却是这座建筑最打动我的地方。虽然经过改造后，建筑的功能与原来相比发生了很大的变化，然而设计师却始终试图保留这座建筑原初建成时在空间和材料上所表达的气质，那种平淡、简朴的气质，也为新的功能提供了更多的可能性。多种色彩的砖的应用正是设计理念在材料选择上最真实的反映。

范路：两个五边形的虚体是布达艺术中心改造项目的核心。第一个五边形的核心组织了艺术中心与周边建筑。它由纯净的匀质砖墙构成，开口敞向天空。人在其中是静观——仰头将视线投向天空之蓝。组织内部空间的第二个核心，以保留的混凝土构件为框架，以砖填充。其中，环绕的楼梯连接各个楼层并通向屋顶平台。人在其中是动观——随楼梯环绕而上，不断转换视角和注视对象。框架和部分墙面刷白，暗示了螺旋的运动流线，也指引了来光的方向。外部的第一个核心预示了内部的第二个核心。而环绕第二个核心爬到顶端，又回望了第一个核心。双核整合了艺术中心的形体和空间，又激活了它们。双核所用砖的浅黄色，不同于已有15种砖的颜色，但却带动了所有的色彩。

Comments

HU Yue: An old dye factory has been transformed into an art center. At first glance this project may seem a bit bland, but the building's blandness is actually what impresses me the most. Although the function of this building has changed greatly from its original use, the designer tries to maintain its original characteristics, namely its spaces and materials. Such plain and simple qualities provide many more possibilities for new building functions. The application of multi-toned bricks is the truest representation of the building's design concept.

FAN Lu: Two pentagonal voids form the nuclei of the Buda Art Centre project. The first pentagonal nucleus organizes the art center and its surrounding buildings and is made of pure brick walls which open to the sky. Organizing interior spaces, the second nucleus takes the preserved concrete support components as a frame and infills new bricks. Surrounding stairs in the inner void connect different levels and lead to the roof terrace. In the second void, the concrete frame and part of the brick walls are painted white, indicating the spiral circulation and direction of lights as well. The first nucleus gives a foretaste of the presence of the second one inside. But when people climb up the top of the second nucleus, they can look back at the first one. The volumes and spaces of the Buda Art centre are integrated and driven by its bi-nuclear plan. A kind of pale-yellow brick is used in both voids. The new color is different from those of existing 15 kinds of bricks, and activates all their colors.

Category Winner in Public Re-Use: Buda Art Centre, Kortrijk, Belgium, 2012

Architects: 51N4E Architects