院士风采

郭慕孙1920.05.09～2012.11.20

化学工程学家。广东潮州人。1943年毕业于沪江大学化学系。1947年获美国普林斯顿大学硕士学位。中国科学院化工冶金研究所研究员、所长、名誉所长。早年发现液—固和气—固两种截然不同的流态化现象，分别命名为“散式”和“聚式”流态化，现已定为工程化学术语。后将散式流态化理想化，提出了描述流体和颗粒两相流最简单的“广义流态化理论”，可适用于颗粒物料的受阻沉降、浸取和洗涤、移动床输运等工艺。对气体和颗粒的聚式流态化，于50年代即指出其接触差、能耗高的缺点，相继研究稀相、快速、浅床等其他流态化方法，逐步形成无气泡接触体系理论，上述理论已多次应用于金属提取等资源开发。1982年和1990年两次获国家自然科学二等奖，1989年于加拿大获国际流态化成就奖。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemical engineering expert. Born in Chaozhou Guangdong Province. Graduated from University of Shanghai in 1943 and MS in chemical engineering from Princeton University, USA in 1947. Research professor, director and emeritus director, Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Guo discovered in his early career two types of different phenomena for liquid-solid and gas-solid fluidization, viz, “particulate” and “aggregative” , respectively, which have become accepted designations in chemical engineering. Later, he idealized and developed the “particulate” phenomenon into “generalized fluidization”, a methodology which finds application in hindered sedimentation, leaching and washing, moving-bed transport, etc.. He pointed out in the 1950s the poor gas-solid contraction for “aggregative” fluidization and studied in succession dilute-phase fluidization, fast fluidization, shallow fluidized beds and other alternate modes of gas-solid fluidization, resulting in the system of “bubbleless gas-solid contractin”. The above studies have been used in the extractive metallurgy of metals and other resources utilization. He was given two second class prizes of the National Natural Science Award and an International Fluidization Award of Achievement in Banff, Canada in 1989.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

化学家。女。浙江萧山人。1944年毕业于上海交通大学化学系。1951年获美国纽约大学硕士学位。北京大学教授。长期致力于分析化学的教学和研究。专长点分析化学和极谱催化波以及环保大气污染检测仪的研制。在极谱催化波的理论与应用方面从事了大量工作，在国内起了积极促进作用，形成了极谱分析的某些特色。后又开创了稀土极谱络合吸附波分析方法，总结在专著《极谱催化波》一书中。方法应用于稀土农用的植物生理功能研究中，获得可喜成果。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemist. Female. Born in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1944. Received M.Sc.from New York University, USA in 1951.Professor, Peking University.

Gao has devoted herself to the study and teaching of analytical chemistry. She is specialized in electroanalitical chemistry and polarographic catalytic waves as well as the development of instruments for the monitoring of atmospheric pollution. She did a great deal of work in the development of the theory of polarographic catalytic waves which is summed up in her monograph “Polarographic Catalytic Waves”. Recently, she developed the method of absorptive polarographic complex waves for the analysis of rare earth elements, which has been used in the study of physiological function of rare earth in plants and remarkable success has been achieved.

She was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

高鸿1918.06.26～

化学家。陕西泾阳人。1943年毕业于国立中央大学化学系。1947年获美国伊利诺大学博士学位。南京大学终身教授，西北大学终身教授。长期从事电分析化学基础理论、新方法、新技术的研究，特别是极谱分析基础理论研究。在悬汞电极研究方面，提出了汞齐电极扩散电流理论，金属在汞中扩散系数测定方法与金属在汞中的扩散公式等。对极谱学各分支的各种电机过程导出电流方程式并进行了实验验证，澄清了一些争论的问题。系统地研究和发展了示波分析方法，开辟了一个分析化学的新领域。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemist. Born in Jingyang, Shanxi Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, National Central University in 1943 and received Ph. D. from the University of Illinois, USA in 1947. Lifelong professor, Nanjing University and Northwest University.

Guo has long been engaged in the research of basic theory, new methods and new technologies of electrochemical analysis, especially in the study of the basic theory of polarography. In the study of hanging mercury electrode, he developed the diffusion current theory of amalgam electrode, the determination method of diffusion coefficient of metal in mercury an equation of diffusion of metals in mercury. He deduced electric current equations for various electrode processes of different polarographic methods and all these equations were proved by experiments. He clarified some debates in this field. He also studied systematically the oscillographic analytical methods and opened up oscillographic analysis, a new field of analytical chemistry.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

郭燮贤1925.02.09～1998.06.04

化学家。浙江杭州人。1946年毕业于重庆兵工大学应用化学系。中国科学院大连化学物理研究所研究员、催化基础国家重点实验室学术委员会主任。早年完成了合成汽油制甲苯催化剂研制和工业化试验。推导论证化学吸附与催化反应之间的联系，发表《化学吸附覆盖度与动力学关系》和《合成氨反应速度与氮、氢、吸附的关系》等论文；参与并协助领导了合成氨原料气净化新流程三种催化剂的研制和工业化试验，获得成功。在发展天然气及含烯混合气的蒸汽重整催化剂、多金属重整及坦载金属等催化剂的研制任务中，多有建树。后在探讨烃类催化转化反应机理、催化剂金属—载体相互作用、在小分子的吸附态和吸附、脱附动力学等基础研究工作中均有成果。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemist. Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Chongqing University of Military Engineering in 1946. Research professor, Dalian Institute of Physical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and director, Academic Committee of the State Key Laboratory of Catalysis.

In his early years, Guo completed the study on catalysts for the preparation of toluene from synthetic gasoline and its industrialization experiments. He deduced and proved the relationship between chemical absorption and catalyzed reaction and published some valuable papers, such as “The Relationship Between Coverage of Chemical Absorption and Dynamics”, “The Relationship Between the Reactive Rate in Ammonia Synthesis and the Absorption of Nitrogen and Hydrogen” and so on. He participated, led and succeeded in the research on 3 catalysts used for the purification of gases for ammonia synthesis and the pilot tests. He creatively developed steam reforming catalysts for natural gas and olefin-containing gases, multimetal reforming catalysts and supported catalysts. In the last 10 years, he did some basic research and the mechanism of catalyzed conversion of hydrocarbons, interaction between catalytic metals and supporters, aboroption state and absorption of small molecules and the dynamics of desorption, obtaining noticeable results.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.