中学英语中的强调句

王淑云

强调句是高考英语考查的重点和热点，下面简述强调句基本句型和其考查形式：

一）强调句的句型结构：

1、强调句的基本句型：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who（m）+其余部分。

2、强调句的一般疑问式：Is/was it+被强调部分+that/who（m）+其余部分？

3、强调句的特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+is/was + it that+其余部分？

4、not…until结构的强调句式：It is/was+ not until…+ that + 其余部分。

5、强调句在强调人时用that/who（m），在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一 律用that，而不用when， where， why， how等。

6.强调句基本句型的变体：It might be +被强调部分+that/who（m）+剩余部分，It must have been+被强调部分+that/who（o）+剩余部分。

例：

①.It was not until I came here ___ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.

A.who B. that C. where D. before （2012.湖南）

简析：选B. 此题考查not.....until的强调句。

②. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature ____ he chose the course.

A. that B. what C. why D. how （上海2006）

简析：选A。.强调because of引导的原因状语.

二）强调句在高考中的考查形式：

1、考查其疑问形式：

例①.---Was it by cutting down staff_____ she saved the firm？

---No， it was by improving work efficiency.（2012，上海）

A. when B. what C. how D. that

简析；选D.本题干是 强调句的一般疑问句，句中被强调的部分是状语by cutting down staff.

例② — that he managed to get the information？

—Oh， a friend of his helped him. （山东2005，31）

A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it

简析：选C。 考察强调句特殊疑问形式，表方式。

例③：.I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited.

A. why it does B. what he does C. how it does D. what it is. （山东2006）

简析：选D。强调句的特殊问句作宾语从句，用陈述语序.

2、考查强调句中的主谓一致：原句谓语动词要与被强调的主语保持人称和数的一致.

例：①It is I who/that am to blame for it.

②It was Lucy and Mary who were late for school this morning.

3、考查强调句强调时间时与含it的状语从句区别：

含it状语从句句型：

It is/was +表示时间的词+when + clause.

It is/has been +表示时间的词+sine + clause.

It was（not）/ will （not） be +表示时间的词+before +clause.

诀窍：若将“It is/was”和“that/who（m）”去掉而句子通过整理后仍为完整的句子则为强调句，否则，则可能是状语从句。

1①It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic___ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa.

A. when B. that C. after D. since （2012重庆）

简析：选B.考查强调句型 It is/was +被强调部分 + that/who + 剩余部分。原句为：Zheng He had sailed to East Africa 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic.被强调部分是 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic.

②It was already one in the morning I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open.

A. when B. that C. which D. since

简析：选A。此句不是强调句，It指时间， when引导时间状语从句。when前“one in the morning”是时间名词，而非表时间的介词短语，不是强调句，故不用that

4、强调句和定语从句的交叉考查：

例：Was at the air battle on June 8， 1994 ， was led by captain Johnson ___peter lost his life？

A. it； when； that B. that； that； who

C. it； which； that D. it； which； when

简析：选C，被强调部分at the air battle on June 8， 1994后紧跟which引导的非限定性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语。

5、强调句的省略：

例：—He was nearly drowned once.

—When was that？

— was in 1988 he was in middle school.

A. It； when B. This； when C. It； that D. This； that

简析：选A，在强调句中加入了一个定语从句when he was in middle school.定语从句后省略强调句后半部分that he was drowned once大大增加了这一句型的难度，不可误选为C。

总之，高考对强调句的考查越来越灵活多变，只有完全吃透并弄懂这一句型及类似句型，才能在高考中立于不败之地。

激活练习：

1.—I have read another book this week.

--Well， maybe____ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.

A. This B. That C. there D. it （2009浙江）

2. It was not until she got home ____Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.

A. when B. that C. where D. before. （全国 2009）

3. It was after he got what he had desired____ he realized it was not so important.

A. that B. when C. since D. as （辽宁2006）

4. It wasnt until nearly a month later I received the managers reply.

A. since B. when C. as D. that （NMET2005.31）

5. Its what you do rather than what you say matters .

A. that B. what C. which D. this （天津2005.9）

6. Jane and John still remember that it was __， their parents， who encouraged them to continue their education.

A. whose B. they C. who D. whom

7. It was computer games that took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.

A. to have played B. playing C. played D. having playing

8. Is three hours the boy， family is poor， to come to school on foot？

A. it； that； whose B. it； when； that

C. it for； that it takes； whose D. it； that it takes； whose

9. Was it 8 oclock you heard someone at the door？

A. when； knocking B. when； knock C. that； knocking D. that； knock

10. I dont remember how many years ago I last showed you around the farm.

A. it was that B. was it that C. it was when D. was it when

答案：1-5 DBADA 6-10BBDAA

（陕西省洋县中学）