CFD耦合化学动力学模拟EGR对柴油机燃烧的影响
2013-04-29李军成韩志玉李佳峰陈征
李军成 韩志玉 李佳峰 陈征
摘要:研究了柴油机低速部分负荷工况引入不同EGR对缸内燃烧排放特性的影响. 将CHEMKINⅡ化学反应求解器集成到KIVA 3V Release 2程序中, 用正庚烷化学反应机理替代柴油燃烧, 建立柴油机缸内燃烧数值模拟模型; 结合试验数据, 模拟分析喷油时刻保持不变, EGR率(废气再循环)从0%增加到 60%的燃烧过程、NOx和碳烟排放. 结果表明: 引入大比例EGR后点火延迟明显增长, 燃烧相位推迟, 燃烧温度降低; 较低燃烧温度避开了NOx的高浓度生成区, EGR率60%时NOx排放比无EGR时降低93.5%; 但高EGR率未使燃烧路径避开碳烟生成区, 加之较低的氧浓度不利于碳烟的氧化, 碳烟排放增高.
关键词:柴油机;废气再循环;燃烧模拟;化学动力学
中图分类号:TK421.2 文献标识码:A
各工况模拟计算的缸内压力曲线和放热率曲线如图9所示.由图可知,随着EGR率的增加,滞燃期增长,使得燃烧相位移向膨胀行程.引入的EGR改变了进气的组分,使得缸内压缩压力略有降低且随着EGR率的增大降低幅度增大.在着火延迟增加和压缩压力下降的共同影响下,大EGR率的缸内燃烧压力相对较低.
4结论
1)编写的接口程序成功地将CFD程序KIVA和气相化学反应求解器CHEMKIN耦合起来,实现了缸内流场求解与化学反应的联合模拟,形成了基于化学动力学机理的柴油机模拟燃烧模拟平台.
4)在喷油参数不变的条件下,大比例EGR虽然控制缸内温度,但是燃烧过程中局部过浓的现象仍然存在,燃烧路径无法完全避开高浓度碳烟生成区.因此,要实现低碳烟排放,必须优化喷油策略,增加油气混合的均匀度.
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