Module 10Unit 1—2 单元点拨

李翠琴

一、重点词汇

1. make the headlines 成为重要新闻

The situation in Syria makes the headlines now. 叙利亚局势成了现在各大媒体关注的焦点。

【操练】 石油成为今天各大媒体的重要新闻。

The increase of the price of oil today.

2. put pressure on 促进，迫使，给……施压

【操练】 The US government has been Syria these days to give up Chemical weapons.

3. intend v. 打算，意图

1） sb. intend to do sth. 打算做某事

What do you intend to do this Sunday？

I visit you last night but it rained. 昨晚我打算拜访你的，但是天下雨了。

2） sb. intend sb. to do sth. = sb. be intended to do sth. = sb. intend that ... 打算让某人做某事

They intend their son to take over the company. = Their son is intended to take over the company.

= They intend that their son will take over the company. 他们打算让他们的儿子接管公司。

4. beyond doubt 毫无疑问

【操练】 1） This is the truth. 无疑这是真相。

【拓展】 There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……

（Sb.） have / has no doubt that...（某人）确信……

There is （some） doubt whether...对……持有疑问

（Sb.） have / has no doubt whether...某人怀疑……

in doubt怀疑

2） 毫无疑问，“好声音”节目在今年夏季成为最受欢迎的音乐节目。

the Voice of China ranks best among the music program in this summer.

3） 我还有些怀疑他能否胜任一等奖。

he can win the first prize.

注意：1） doubt 用作动词，后接从句，主句是肯定句，用if 或whether 引导；主句是疑问句或否定句则用that 引导。

2） 名词doubt 后接同位语从句时，否定句用that 引导，肯定句用whether 引导。

I he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否能成功。

I he will succeed. 我毫不怀疑他能成功。

5. be dependent on sb. / sth. = depend on = count on = rely on 依靠的，依赖

The country is heavily dependent on its exports of agricultural commodities. = The country heavily depends on / counts on / relies on its exports of agricultural commodities. 这个国家很大程度上依靠农产品的出口。

The elderly may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children. 老年人可以找自己的朋友而不需在情感上太依赖他们的子女。

6. risk

1） at risk 处于危险之中

The disease is spreading， and all children under five are at risk.

2） at the risk of ... 冒……的危险

At the risk of catching the fever himself the man kindly carried the sick child home.

He was determined to get there even at the risk of his life.

3） run / take the risk of 冒……的危险，做某件危险的事

I was afraid to run the risk of betting on the game.

He was ready to run / take the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy.

4） vt. 冒……的危险，拿……冒险

The brave man risked his life in trying to save the child.

We mustnt risk getting caught in a storm.

7. at a crossroads 处于关键时刻

【操练】 高三学生的学业正处于关键时刻。

Senior 3 students are in their studies.

注意：crossroads 的单复数形式相同，意为“十字路口”。

二、重点句型剖析

1. While they are seeing great development， they are still poorer than many countries in other parts of the world. 虽然他们发展得很快，但仍然比世界上许多其他地方的国家贫穷。

【点拨】 本句是一个主从复合句，while 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。

While 的各种用法：

1） 作名词，意为“一会儿”for a while。

2） 作从属连词，意为“在……过程中”。

We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们必须乘热打铁。

3） 作并列连词，意为“而” but 表转折，while 表对比。

I like the tea while she likes coffee.

【操练】 尽管排球是她的主攻点，但是她也擅长篮球。

volleyball is her main focus， shes also great at basketball.

2. These things provide a framework for new jobs to be created， allowing people to help themselves so that they no longer need to depend on others. 这些为创造新工作提供了一个体系，使得人们能够自助，不再需要依赖他人。

注意：本句是一个复合句，主句为简单句，allowing people to ...是现在分词短语做结果状语，且该结构中还含有so that 引导的结果状语从句。

【辨析】 现在分词和不定式做状语的区别：

现在分词是谓语动词所造成的必然结果或自然而然的结果。

不定式是（1）谓语动词所造成的偶然结果或出乎意料的结果。

（2）用于too...to...， enough... to和so / such... as to 结构中。

A terrible earthquake happened in Japan in March， 2011， bringing a great disaster to the Japanese people. 2011年3月日本发生了大地震，给日本人民带来了巨大的灾难。

He hurried to the station， only to find the train had left. 他急忙赶到火车站，结果发现火车已经走了。

He is old enough to join the army. 他到了参军的年龄了。

【操练】 More highways have been built in China， it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 中国已经建造了更多的高速公路，使得中国人从一个地方到另外一个地方去旅游容易得多。

3. This is why education and training for young people is so important. 这就是为什么对年轻人的教育和培养是如此重要。

【点拨】 句中why 引导一个表语从句。

【拓展】 This / That / It is because... 这/那是因为……，because 引导表语从句。

The reason why is...is that... ……的原因是……，why 引导定语从句；that引导表语从句。

【操练】 1） 他考试不及格，那是因为他没有努力学习。

He didnt pass the exam， and he didnt work hard.

2） 许多大学生找工作难的原因是他们的期望值太高。

it is difficult for many university students to find a job they have too high expectations.

4. Another big industry， and one that is growing annually， is the tourism industry. 另外一个大的行业，而且是每年都在增长的一个行业是旅游业。

【点拨】 本句是一个主从复合句， that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词one。 句中one 用作替代词，代指industry.

【操练】 It is an unforgettable experience， that I will treasure forever. 这是一次难忘的经历，我将永远珍惜。

5. However， very high interest rates have created a situation where countries in the developing world now spend $13 on debt repayment for every$1 that they received. 但是，很高的利率产生了这样一个局面，发展中国家现在每得到一美元就要花13美元还债。

【点拨】 本句是一个主从复合句，where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词situation， 而从句中又包含另一个that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词every $1。situation 形势，局面，是表模糊地点的名词，后跟从句时一般用关系副词where.

注意：除了situation 外，英语中还有一些表模糊地点的名词，这些词在定语从句中作状语时一般用where 引导定语从句，如：case， point， scene， activity， stage， position， part， platform...

Unit 2

一、重点词汇

1. edition

1） 版本（出版形式）a paperback / hardback / hardcover edition 平装/硬皮/精装版

2） （报纸、杂志的）一份；（广播、电视节目的）一期，一辑

The story was in Tuesdays edition of “The New York Times”. 这个故事在周二那期的《纽约时报》上。

3） （abbr. ed.）版次 The textbook was first published in 1858 and is now in its 39th edition. 这课本在1858年第一次出版，现在是第39版了。

【拓展】 limited edition 限量版； first edition 首版； edit v.编辑；剪辑；主编； editor n.编辑，主编；剪辑师

2. fun n. 高兴，乐趣；有趣的人或事

for fun 为了取乐；make fun of sb. 取笑某人，嘲弄某人；What fun！ 多么有趣呀！

注意：fun 是不可数名词，前面不加冠词。

3. be on the move 在迁移中，在行进中；在旅途中；在发展，在前进，变得积极，忙碌

【操练】 （1） It seems that the enemy forces are . 敌军似乎正在行进中。

（2） Hes always and has no time to talk at all. 他总是忙个不停，根本没有时间说话。

4. look at

1） I havent had time to the papers yet. 我还没有时间检查文件。

2） The Americans life differently from the British. 美国人跟英国人观察/看待事物的角度不同。

注意下面短语意义的不同：

look down on / look into / look through / look up / look up to / look back on

1） She looked through her notes before the examination. 快速浏览

2） If you want to catch the next train， please look up the time in the timetable. 查看

3） A working party has been set up to look into the case. 调查，审查

4） Looking back on my childhood， I feel so good. 回顾

5） He was looked down on because of his shabby beginnings. 鄙视，瞧不起

6） He was such a great person as was worth looking up to. 赞赏，尊敬（某人）

5. make up组成，构成；编造；编写，创作；给……化妆；补足；补回

1） He made up some excuse about the dog eating his homework. 编造

2） They made up a little poem and wrote it on the card. 编写；创作

3） They made my face up to look like a clown. 给……化妆

4） Sorry， Im late； Ill make up the time this evening. 补足；补回

5） Women make up 40 per cent of the workforce. 组成，构成

6） This book is made up of twelve separate short stories. 由……组成

6. cater

a.（及物动词）提供（宴席等）的酒菜（与服务）

Who will be catering the wedding？ 谁将会提供婚宴服务？

b.（不及物动词）（为社交活动）提供饮食，承办酒席 ～ （for sb./sth.）

Most of our work now involves catering for weddings. 我们现在的工作多半是承办婚宴。

c. cater for sb. / sth. 满足需要；迎合

TV must cater for many different tastes. 电视节目必须迎合各种人的爱好。

cater to sb. / sth. 满足需要；迎合

newspapers catering to peoples love of scandal 迎合人们爱看丑闻消息的报纸

d. 名词：caterer 承办酒席的人；（旅馆﹑ 饭店等的）老板，经理

7. seek v. 寻求，寻找，搜索[（+ after / for）]

He sought vainly for the answer. 他寻求答案，但无结果。

Something suspicious was found after the room was sought through. 房间被彻底搜查后，发现了一点可疑的东西。

He sought to speak to her. 他寻找机会与她说话。

You should seek medical advice. 你应该请医生诊视。

They were seeking employment. 他们在找工作。

相关短语：seek out 找出，搜出；挑出；seek through 找遍

8. elect

1） 选举 ～ sb. （to be sth.）

They elected a new president. 他们选举出一位新总统。

We elected James （to be） chairman. 我们选出詹姆斯当主席。

He was elected to be a US state governorship. 他被选为美国一个州的州长。

2） 决定 ～ to do sth. （fml）

She elected to become a lawyer. 她决定当律师。

3） 区别choose， select， pick， elect

elect： 选举 ～ sb. （as） president / leader / mayor etc.

用choose表示的是自由作出的决定，可仅指两者之间。（不止两项时通常用select或pick）：

She chose the red sweater rather than the pink one. 她选中那件红毛衣而不要那件粉红的。

用select表示所作出的决定比用choose考虑得更为周到：

Our shops select only the very best quality produce. 我们商店都是精选的质量最高的产品。

pick比select通俗：

Who are you going to pick for the team？ 你打算挑选谁参加这个队？

二、重点句型剖析

1. In fact， according to the national population survey conducted recently， Florida is home to the largest population of people aged 65 and older. 事实上，根据最近的全国人口普查， 佛罗里达州是年龄在65岁以及超过65岁的人口的最密集的地区。

【点拨】 （1）该句中conducted recently 是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which was conducted recently.

（2）分词作定语

现在分词作定语表示动作是主动或正在进行；过去分词作定语表示动作是被动或完成。

Dont touch the boiling water， its really hot. （正在进行）不要去碰沸腾的水，它的确很热。

“Things lost never come again！” I couldnt help talking to myself. 我不禁自言自语道：“覆水难收啊！”

Look over there—there is a very long， winding path up to the house.

A. leadingB. leads

C. ledD. to lead

2. Younger people might like snow and cold， but for people my age， such weather is very tough； snow can turn into ice， which is easy to slip on. 年纪轻一点的人可能喜欢雪和严寒，但对我这种年纪的人来说，那样的天气很难熬，雪会结成冰，很容易使人滑倒。

【点拨】 1） 本句是一个由分号连接的并列主从复合句。第一个分句中，but 连接两个并列分句。

2） 第二个分句中， which 引导非限制性定语从句；不定式短语to slip on 的逻辑宾语是从句中的主语which（ice）。

难点： （1） 非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用。非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句之间往往用逗号隔开。

（2） 在非限制性定语从句中，不用that。

（3） 当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。

He has two sons， work in the same company. 他有两个儿子，他们在同一家公司上班。

is known to everybody， the moon travels around the earth once every month. 众所周知，月亮每月绕地球旋转一周。

参考答案

Unit 1

一、1. makes the headlines2. putting pressure on3. intended to4. 1） beyond doubt2） There is no doubt that3） I have some doubt whether； doubt whether； have no doubt that7. at a crossroads

二、1. While2. making3. （1） that was because（2） The reason why， is that4. one

Unit 2

一、3.（1） on the move（2） on the move

4. （1） look at（2） look at

二、1. （2） A2. who； As