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Module 9 Unit 3—4 单元点拨

2013-04-29殷华新

中学课程辅导·高考版 2013年10期
关键词:敬礼塑像倒计时

一、单词

1. symbolize vt.

【点拨】 代表、象征

Red symbolizes the bravery, revolution, strength and blood of the French, which were all needed to change the country. 红色代表勇敢、革命、力量和法国人的血液,这些都是改变这个国家所需要的。

The lighting of the Olympic torch symbolizes peace and friendship among the nations of the world. 奥运火炬之光象征全世界国家之间的和平与友谊。

【拓展】 symbol n. 象征,符号;symbolic adj. 象征的,符号的

A heart shape is the symbol of love. 心形是爱的象征。

The symbol for oxygen is O2. 氧的符号是O2。

【辨析】 mark, symbol, sign, signal

mark“标记,分数”,指为某一目的有意做的标记,也指无意留下或自然形成的痕迹。

symbol“象征”,一般指有象征意义的标志,可以是实物也有可能是抽象的东西。

sign“手势,迹象,征兆,招牌”它可以表示实物、动作、语言及任何迹象或征兆。

signal“信号、暗号、导火线”多侧重于声音或动作的暗示。

The road we should take is marked on the map. 我们走的路在地图上标识出来了。

The lion is the symbol of courage. 狮子是勇敢的象征。

There is no sign of life on Mars. 火星上没有生命的迹象。

Sometimes my mobile phone has no signal in this building. 有时我的手机在这栋楼里没有信号。

2. equality n. 平等,均等

【拓展】 equal vt.等于

Two and five equals seven. 二加五等于七。

be equal to sth. 等于,与……相等;胜任……

One li is equal to half a kilometer. 一华里等于半公里。

It is equal to me whether he comes or not. 他来不来对我都一样。

He is equal to this task. 他能胜任这项任务。

be equal to doing sth. 能胜任……

He is equal to doing this task. 他能胜任这项任务。

3. salute n. 致敬,敬礼

【拓展】 vt. & vi. 致敬,敬礼

In salute to the French and their revolution, many countries have chosen to use the same colours on their flags as the French did. 为向法国人民和法国大革命致敬,许多国家决定在自己的国旗上使用与法国国旗相同的颜色。

The soldier gave a salute and the officer returned it. 士兵行礼,长官还礼。

They salute the flag every day at school. 他们每天在学校向国旗敬礼。

【提醒】 表示向……敬礼时,salute 后面不加介词to.

4. object vi. 反对,不赞成

【拓展】 object n. 实物,物体,宾语;objection n. 异议,反对的理由;objective adj. 客观的,公正的

Would anyone object if we start the meeting now? 如果我们现在开会,有人会反对吗?

He objects to following his mothers advice. 他拒绝听从妈妈的建议。

5. compromise

【拓展】 vi. & n. 妥协,让步,compromise on sth. 以折衷的方法解决问题

It is hoped that a compromise will be reached in todays talks. 一项和解有望在今天的谈判中达成。

Well, you want $400 and I say $300, so lets compromise on $350. 你要价400美元,我出价300美元,那么我们折衷350美元。

Neither side is prepared to compromise. 双方都不愿意妥协。

6. submit

【拓展】 vi.& vt. 顺从,投降,提交; submit sth. to sb. / sth. 向……提交/呈递

submit to sb. / sth. 向……屈服

You must submit your application before January 1st. 你必须在一月一日前提交你的申请书。

7. similarity

【点拨】 similarity n. 相似点,相似性; similar adj. 相似的

【拓展】 be similar to 与……相类似

be different from 与……不同;be the same as 与……相同

Your idea is similar to mine at this point. 你的观点与我的在这一点上相似。

What you said at the meeting is completely different from what you told me yesterday. 你在会上讲的与你昨天告诉我的完全不一样。

8. separation

【点拨】 separation n. 分离,隔离;separate v. 隔离

【拓展】 separate A from B:把A与B相隔离

【辨析】 divide A into B:与 separate A from B

divide A into B是把一个整体分成若干部分,而separate A from B则是把两个独立的部分隔开。

Our head teacher divided the whole class into three groups.

France was separated from England by the English channel.

9. ambitious

【点拨】 ambitious adj. 有抱负的,野心勃勃的,ambitious for ones children 望子成龙;ambition n. 雄心,抱负,野心 achieve / realize / fulfill ones ambition 实现抱负,达成目标

His ambition is to run his own business. 他的抱负是经营自己的公司。

The government has announced an ambitious programme to modernize the railway network. 政府宣布了一项让铁路网络系统实现现代化的雄伟计划。

10. caution

【点拨】 caution n. 谨慎,慎重,告诫;vt. 提醒,警告

【拓展】 cautious adj. 小心的,谨慎的

be cautious of / about 注意,小心

As it was her first offence, she was only given a caution. 因为这是她第一次冒犯,所以她只是受到警告。

They treated the story of his escape with caution.

他们谨慎地对待他逃跑的传说。

11. bare

【点拨】 bare adj. 裸露的,无遮盖的

The child was bare to the waist. 那孩子光着膀子。

【拓展】 with your bare hands 赤手空拳;lay sth. bare 暴露,揭露;bare your soul to sb. 向某人敞开心扉

12. strike

【点拨】 strike (struck, struck) vt. 击打,撞击,攻击,罢工,划火柴

In the dream, a stone flew at the statue and struck it on the feet. 在梦里,一个石头砸向了塑像,正好落到塑像的脚上。

A child ran into the road and was struck by a car. 一个孩子跑到路上被一辆车给撞了。

The little girl struck a match to warm her hands. 那个小女孩划了一根火柴来暖手。

【拓展】 strike n. 罢工,打击,殴打

vi. 钟表敲了多少下

The workers are coming out on strike for higher wages. 工人们将举行罢工要求增加工资。

Twelve had just struck when she ran away. 当她离开时,钟正好敲了12点。

二、短语

1. date back to

【点拨】 追溯到,始于

The flag, which is made up of a red band over a white one, is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century, which had nine red and white stripes. 旗子由上面的红带和下面的白带构成,它是以十三世纪的国旗为基础,当时的国旗有九条红带和白条。

【拓展】 date back to =date from始于

The castle dates back to the 14th century. 这座城堡建于14世纪。

out of date 过时的,不流行的;to date 迄今,至今;up to date 现代的,时新的

【提醒】 date back to / date from 通常只用于一般现在时,作定语时,用其ing 形式。

2. get ones way

【点拨】 get ones way 随心所欲

The slaves were fighting for freedom, but they didnt get their way easily. 那些奴隶们正为自由而战,但不能轻易如愿。

【拓展】 含way的相关短语:

by way of 经由,取道;get in the way 妨碍,挡道;lead the way 带路;by the way 顺便问一下;mend ones ways 改邪归正,改过自新;in any way 无论如何;in no way 决不;on the way 在途中……

3. catch on

【点拨】 受欢迎,流行

That phrase has caught on, even if people disagree about what it means. 这个短语最近很流行,即使人们不同意它的意思。

【拓展】 明白,意识

Please repeat what you said, I didnt quite catch on.

catch at 试图抓住;catch up with 赶上,追上;catch sb. doing sth. 当场抓住某人正在做某事

The police caught him stealing a car. 警察当场抓住他在偷汽车。

4. count on

【点拨】 依靠,依赖

You can count on him to help you learn English. 你可以指望他帮你学英语。

【拓展】 count vt. 列入总数;包括;有重要性;count against sb. 认为对某人不利;count down 倒计时;count... in 把……计算在内

For that job her lack of experience may count against her. 她缺乏经验可能对申请那份工作不利。

Shes already counting down to the big day. 她已经在对这一重大日子倒计时了。

(作者:殷华新,泰州市第三高级中学)

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