跟踪导练（三）（2）

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A

Advice to “sleep on it” could be well founded， scientists say. After a good nights sleep a problem that couldnt be solved the night before can often appear more manageable. Researchers at the University of Luebek in Germany have designed an experiment that shows a good nights sleep can improve insight（顿悟）and problem-solving ability.

“If you have some newly-got memories in your brain， sleep acts on these memories and restructures them， so that after sleep the insight increases，” said Dr Jan Born， a neuroscientist（神经科学家）， at the university. To test the discovery， they taught volunteers two simple rules to help them turn a string of numbers into a new order. There was also a third， hidden rule， which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem. The researchers divided the volunteers into two groups： half were allowed to sleep after the training while the rest were forced to stay awake. Dr Jan Born and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group. “Sleep helped，” Born said in a telephone interview. “The important thing is that you have to have a memory description of the problem you want to solve in your brain and then you sleep， so it can act on the problem.”

But Born admitted that he and his team dont know how restructuring of memories occurs or what controls it. Pierre Maquet and Perrine Ruby of the University of Liege in Belgium said the experimental evidence supports the suggestion that sleep can help develop creative thinking. Although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery， the research gives people good reasons to fully respect their periods of sleep， they added.

1. What is the purpose of the experiment？

A. To test problem-solving ability in sleep.

B. To discover peoples insight during sleep.

C. To prove a good sleep helps solve problems.

D. To discuss how to improve sleeping quality.

2. How did Jan Born and his team carry out the experiment？

A. Through comparison. B. Through interview.

C. Through talking. D. Through imagination.

3. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2？

A. People should sleep as long as they want.

B. Different people have various periods of sleep.

C. Sleep can help solve problems.

D. Scientists know how sleep restructures memories from now on.

4. Which of the followings is true about the experimental evidence？

A. It helps scientists control memories.

B. It explains the role of sleep in human.

C. It shows people sleeping well helps a lot.

D. It shows how to develop creative thinking.

B

There has been a huge increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years， and it is supposed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the worlds leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves.

London

Londons flood defenses are getting older. Since 1982， the Thames Barrier has protected the city from the threat of flooding， but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 30 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and， according to Environment Agency suppositions， by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed.

There are 26 underground stations， 400 schools， 16 hospitals， an airport and 80 billion worth of possessions in Londons flood risk area， so massive flooding would be terrible.

Paris

Over a six-week period in July and August 2003， more than 11，400—mainly elderly people—died in France from bodies lacking of water and super hot. Heat waves of similar intensity（强度）are expected every seven years by 2050， so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again？

One way is to have air conditioners fixed in elderly care homes. But many specialists say that this is a short-term way， as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon dioxide emissions（排放）.

In Paris the local government is encouraging engineers to design new types of buildings such as architect Edouard Francoiss “Flower Tower”， which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air conditioner.

Shanghai

Shanghai is the fastest growing city on Earth. It has a population of 18 million and is only 4 meters above sea level. Sea levels are foretold to rise by 20cm within the next century.

About 250，000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work， placing extra demands on energy consumption（消耗）. China relies heavily on coal-fired power stations， but these emissions increase temperatures and， in turn， warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons.

5. Which of the descriptions about London is true？

A. Londons flood defenses are being repaired.

B. The barrier closes every tide in recent years.

C. London is facing disasters like floods and waves.

D. The Thames Barrier was designed to last about 50 years.

6. What does Paris government do to protect their city？

A. Build water houses as many as possible.

B. Fix air conditioners in elderly care homes.

C. Encourage engineers to design new buildings.

D. Use bamboo to be a new kind of air conditioner.

7. What threats will Shanghai face according to the passage？

A. Decreasing population. B. Rising sea levels.

C. Drop of temperatures. D. Energy shortage.

8. What is the best title for the passage？

A. Big Disasters in the Future

B. Solutions to Natural Disasters

C. Big Cities Facing Big Disasters

D. The Increase of Natural Disasters

1. While I was ____（啜泣）out this wish in broken accents， some one approached.

2. Part of the money was set off for the building of a ____（提供食宿的）house.

3. I quickly found that Id married not just an actor but also a ____（精力充沛的）jazz pianists！

4. She likes to piece one cloth to another when she does some s .

5. My s were examined at the Customs when I entered the country.

Mr King lives far from the town. It is very quietly around his house at night. He can sleep very good. One night， Mr King was woken up by sudden call. A lady shouted to the phone angrily， “Stopping your dogs barking！ I cant sleep.” He hung up the phone immediately and Mr King has no time to say any word. The next night， the lady called again and Mr King didnt have any other time to say a word， too. When the lady made the third call， Mr King was able to say some word， “Im sorry， madam， but I dont have a dog. Youve got the wrong number.”

1. 该公司拥有自己的科研机构，生产基地和销售团队。

2. 她把这些物品缝入布袋，寄给了在黑龙江的儿子。

3. 她走进的那间屋子同屋外的办公室一样破旧。

4. 人脑每立方厘米有一亿多个细胞。

1. The girl dressed in the latest New York fashion is ___ in her appearance but rude in her speech.

A. considerate B. keen

C. innocent D. evident

2. It is reported that the police will soon ___ the case of two missing children.

A. look after B. look into

C. look out D. look upon

3. — I get stuck with this maths problem. Can you help me

with it？

— Sorry， its beyond my ___ .

A. ability B. energy

C. force D. strength

4. In ancient times， people rarely traveled long distances and most farmers only traveled ___ the local market.

A. as long as B. as far as

C. as distant as D. as much as

5. — John has been admitted to Harvard， getting a scholarship

of 10，000 dollars a year.

— ___ He never thought he could have done so well.

A. Good luck！ B. Congratulation！

C. Thats right. D. What a good surprise！

Jonathan James looks like just another kid， who is about to graduate from high school. But this 19-year-old Swede is anything but ordinary. By using the computer in his parents home， he helped the US Federal Bureau of Investigation （FBI） find out the worlds most wanted web criminals.

Jonathan first made headlines when he and another Swede， Fredrik Broderick， found out the maker of the “Melissa” virus（病毒）in March 2009. He came to the aid of the FBI again on May 7， finding out the suspected sender of the dangerous “I LOVE YOU” virus. The suspect was caught in Manila on May 8.

Jonathans special skills are in hot demand as officials around the world express alarm at the “virtual” crime wave. In between studying for final exams， hanging out with friends and watching his younger brothers football matches， the quiet， gentle teenager also gives lessons on e-safety to large companies. He reads a lot and exchanges information with other computer experts to know much about the latest tricks of the hacker（黑客）trade.

Many companies have already tried to employ him， but he is not interested at the moment. Instead， he plans to begin law school in autumn at Swedens Uppsala University and start up his own e-safety company.

Although he works with the FBI now， his family insists（坚持）hes just “a regular kid”. “Jonathan is a great kid. He has his friends and he does a lot more than just play with the computer，” his little sister Tessa said， adding that he helps the FBI because he likes to help， not because hes looking for fame and recognition.

When the world was hit by the “Love Bug” virus， Jonathan was too busy preparing a speech on e-safety to look into the problem. “Finally on May 7， I had some free time， so I began looking.” Within a few hours， he had found the suspect and e-mailed his method and results to the FBI. He said his work on the “Melissa” virus， which took three weeks to solve， was a big help in finding the suspect so quickly. “This time I knew exactly where to start. I knew what to give up and what to look at.”

1. Whose computer did Jonathan use to help the US FBI？ （within 2 words）

2. What did Jonathan and Fredrik find out in March 2009？ （within 9 words）

3. What can we infer from Jonathans success in finding out the sender of “Love Bug” virus？ （within 6 words）

4. Why does Jonathan help the FBI according to Tessa？ （within 6 words）

5. How long did it take to solve “Melissa” virus？ （within 2 words）