院士风采

1924.12.25～2011.02.26

核物理学家。湖北武汉人。1945年毕业于西南联合大学。1950年获美国密执安大学物理学博士学位。国防科学技术工业委员会科学技术委员会主任、研究员，中国科协第四届主席。早期主要从事核物理、原子能技术方面的科学研究工作，发表有《符合测量：（Ⅰ）β能谱》、《符合测量：（Ⅱ）内转换》、《研究性重水反应堆的物理参数的测定》等论文。60年代以来，参加组织领导中国发展核武器的工作，以及国防科学技术研究发展计划、高技术研究发展计划的制定与实施等工作，为中国核科技事业的发展做出了重大贡献。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Nuclear physicist. Born in Wuhan, Hubei Province.Graduated from Southwest Associated University in 1945.Received Ph.D. in physics from the University of Michigan, USA in 1950. Professor and chairman, Science and Technology Committee,State Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, and president, Chinese Association for Sciences and Technology.

In his early years, Zhu was engaged in research on nuclear physics and atomic energy. He has published a number of papers,such as “Coincidence Measurements (Part Ⅰ∶ Beta Spectrum)”,“Coincidence Measurements (Part Ⅱ ∶ Internal Conversion )”and “The Determination of Physical Parameters of Heavy Water Reactor for Research”. Since the 1960s he has participated in the development of China’s nuclear weapons the development of scientific and technological research for national defense and in the drawing and implementation of the High-tech Resecarch and Development Plan in China. He has made important contributions to the development of China’s scientific and technological courses in nuclear field.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

朱洪元

3.活动之间相融合—在活动过程中体现“1+N”的融合。运用绘本教学的“1+N”模式，在教学方案设计过程中要使两个部分自然融合在一起，很自然地再现读本的内容，又能对新领域的目标有所达成与落实，如何将两部分很自然的融合在一起是我们实践中不断在探究的问题。

1917.02.08～1992.11.04

理论物理学家。江苏宜兴人。1939年毕业于同济大学。1948年获英国曼彻斯特大学哲学博士学位。中国科学院高能物理研究所研究员。40年代全面研究了高速荷电粒子在磁场中运动时所发出的电磁辐射的性质；60年代深入探讨了利用色散关系和幺正条件建立低能强作用的理论问题，并对含有光子、电子、中子和原子核的高温高密度系统内部的输运过程等作了深入研究，取得多项重要成果。60年代中期与胡宁共同领导一些学者与国际上同时提出并系统研究了层子模型理论，开辟了强子内部结构理论研究的新领域。在推进中国物理学研究事业、北京正负电子对撞机研制等方面作了大量工作。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Theoretical physicist. Born in Yixing, Jiangsu Province.Graduated from Tongji University in 1939. Received Ph.D. from the University of Manchester, UK in 1948. Research professor,Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In the 1940s, Zhu comprehensively researched the characteristics of electromagnetic radiation which was emitted when high speed electric particle was moving in magnetic field.He deeply investigated the theoretical problem of establishing low energy strong interaction by means of dispersion relation and unitary condition in the 1960s, deeply studied the transportation process in the internal of high temperature and high density system which consisted of photons, electrons, neutrons and nucleuses and made some important achievements. In the mid 1960s, he and Prof.Hu Ning led some scholars to propose and systematically research paralleled with international scholars the theory of straton model and opened a new research field of hadronic internal structure.He did a lot of work to promote Chinese physics research and the design of Beijing Electron Positron Collider.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

庄逢甘

1925.02.11～2010.11.08

空气动力学家。江苏常州人。1946年毕业于上海交通大学航空工程系。1950年获美国加州理工学院科学博士学位。中国航天工业总公司总工程师、科技委员会副主任。在流体力学的湍流基本特征研究中得出了湍流耗散定律。在激波绕射、高超音速再入体热防护理论等研究和低速、超音速风洞气动设计方面取得突出成果。长期进行导弹、火箭、再入飞行器的空气动力学研究，在大型风洞设计与建造、第一批冲压发动机试车台的设计与建造、运载工具和弹头的启动研究试验和非定常漩涡空气动力学研究等方面作出了重要贡献

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Aerodynamic specialist. Born in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1946. Received Sc.D. from California Institute of Technology, USA in 1950.Chief engineer and vice president, Committee of Science and Technology, China Aerospace Corporation.

Zhang obtained the law of turbulence dissipation in the study of turbulence basic feature of fluid mechanics.He made outstanding achievements in the theories of shock diffraction, heat protection of hypersonic re-entry body and the aerodynamic design of low speed to hypersonic wind tunnel. He has long been engaged in the aerodynamic research on missile,rocket and reentry flight. He made important contributions to the design and manufacture of large wind tunnel, the design and construction of ramjet test stand, the aerodynamic experiment of carrier vehicle and warhead, and unsteady vortex-dominated aerodynamics.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

关肇直

1919.02.13～1982.11.12

数学家。原籍广东南海，生于天津。1941年毕业于燕京大学。1947年至1949年在法国巴黎大学彭加勒研究所研究数学。中国科学院系统科学研究所研究员、首任所长。中国泛函分析和现代控制理论研究的开拓者，创设了中国第一个泛函分析专门化和现代控制理论专门化，在泛函分析、数学物理、现代控制理论及应用等领域取得了出席的研究成果，并培养了一批高级教学和研究人才。首先将最速下降法推广到无穷维空间。用十分简洁的方法证明了“激光理论中积分方程非零本征值的存在性”问题。从崭新的角度给予了当时国际上研究中子迁移理论中本征函数问题的Case方法严格的理论。对弹性振动结构阻尼作了研究，从而开创了分布参数系统的一个新领域。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Mathematician. Born in Tianjing. Graduated from Yenching University in 1941. Worked on mathematics in Poincare Institute,University of Paris, France from 1947 to 1949. Research professor and the first director, Institute of Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

As the pioneer of functional analysis and modern control theory in China, Guan established the first specialization of these subjects and made outstanding achievements in functional analysis, control theory and its application and mathematical physics. He educated a large number of high level researchers and pedagogues. He introduced the steepest descent method in the infinite dimensional space. By an elegant method, he proved the existence of nonzero eigenvalue for the integral equation arising in the laser theory. From a new view point, he proposed the strict theory for the Case method used for studying the eigenfunction problem of neutron transport theory at that time. He studied the structural damping model for elastic vibration and initiated a new area of distributed parameter control systems.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.