金融英语——常用词汇(九十三)

credit scoring信贷记分

A statistical technique used to determine whether to extend credit (and if so, how much) to a borrower.

用于决定是否授信给借款人的统计方法。

credit spread信贷息差

A spread option position in which the price of the option sold is greater than the price of the option bought.

投资人卖出其期权与其买入另一个期权的价差。是指当某种证券的期权短头寸大于该证券的期权长头寸时，投资人可以从经纪人账户中获得的信贷资金。

credit squeeze信贷紧缩

Government measures designed to limit the supply of credit in the economy, in order to curb inflation by controlling growth in the money supply.

政府限制经济中的信用供给量，以通过控制货币供给来控制通货膨胀的方法。

credit swap信用互换

A swap designed to transfer the credit exposure of fixed income products between parties.

将固定收入产品的信用在双方间转移的互换。

credit union信用合作社

A non-profit financial institution that is owned and operated entirely by its members.

由成员所有并经营的非盈利金融机构。

credit unions信用合作社

A non-profit financial institution that is owned and operated entirely by its members.

是指消费者信贷合作的一种形式，近年来在美国发展很快。这个机构以低息发放个人短期贷款，其信贷资金的来源是会员的存款。

creditor 债权人

A person or business that has a claim to the assets of a business; a person or business to which money is owed. May be secured (the debt has been registered against the property of the debtor) or unsecured.

给他方信贷的个人或组织。别人欠其金钱的人。

creditworthiness信誉度

A creditor's measure of an individual's or company's ability to meet debt obligations.

债权人衡量个人或公司还债能力的指标。

critical mass关键规模

The size at which a business or market undergoes a fundamental change in regard to operations.

一家公司发展非常重要或关键的阶段。

CRM客户关系管理

Customer relationship management.Those aspects of a business strategy which relate to techniques and methods for attracting and retaining customers.

与公司吸引和留入客户的方法和策略有关的公司策略部分。

CROGI总投资现金回报率

A measure of financial performance calculated as gross cash flow after taxes divided by gross investment.

一种衡量财务表现的指标，计算方法为税后总现金流除以总投资额。

cross交叉交易

When a broker receives a buy and sell order for the same stock at the same price, and subsequently makes a simultaneous trade between two separate customers.

一名经纪收到对同一股票、价格一样的买入及卖出指示，然后促成两名独立客户之间的交易。

cross default连带违约

A provisions in a bond indenture or loan agreement that puts the borrower in default if the borrower defaults on another obligation.

债券或贷款协议条款，规定若借方对另一项债务责任违约即会被视为对协议中的债务责任违约。

cross hedge交叉对冲

Hedging one instrument's risk by taking a different position witha related derivatives contract.

是指根据不同标的资产或不同的交割期，运用期货或远期合约为某商品或证券头寸的价格波动套期保值的一种避险策略。例如，在外汇市场上，某种通货没有远期外汇市场，则可以买卖另一种与它相关联的远期通货，以此避免损失。

cross hedging交叉持股

Hedging one instrument's risk by taking a different position with a related derivatives contract.

上市公司持有其他上市公司发行的证券。

cross rate交叉汇率

The exchange rate between two currencies expressed as the ratio of two foreign exchange rates that are both expressed in terms of a third currency. Foreign exchange rate between two currencies other than the U.S. dollar, the currency in which most exchanges are usually quoted.

是指按对第三种货币比价计算的两种货币之间的汇率。例如，通过美元对人民币的汇率和美元对法国法郎的汇率，得出人民币对法国法郎的汇率。