院士风采

裴文中

1904.01.19～1982.09.18

史前考古学家、古生物学家。河北丰南人。1927年毕业于北京大学地质系。1937年获法国法国巴黎大学博士学位。中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所研究员。1929年起主持并参加周口店的发掘和研究，是中国猿人第一个头盖骨的发现者。1931年起，确认石器、用火灰烬等的存在，为周口店是古人类遗址提供了考古学重要依据。主持山顶洞人遗址发掘，获得大量极有价值的山顶洞人化石及其文化遗物。1949年后，积极开展中石器和新石器时代的综合研究，为中国旧石器时代考古学的发展做出了重大贡献。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Prehistoric archaeologist and paleontologist. Born in Fengnan,Hebei Province. Graduated from the Department of Geology, Beijing University in 1927. Received Ph. D. from Paris University, France in 1937. Research professor, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthrolology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Pei took charge of and participated in the excavation and investigation in Zhoukoudian, Beijing in 1929 and was the finder of the first skull of Sinanthropus. He confirmed the existence of stoneware and ashes remained by using fire in 1931, which provided an important archaeological basis that Zhoukoudian is a relics of paleoanthropoid.He managed the exploration of the site of Upper Cave Man and obtained a lot of highly valuable fossils and other cultural remains of Upper Cave Man. Since 1949, he was keen on the synthetic research on Mesolithic Age and Neolithic Age and made significant contributions to the development of archaeology of Paleolithic in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

王竹泉

1891.04.09～1975.07.24

地质学家。河北交河人。1929年获美国威斯康星大学硕士学位。煤炭部地质司总工程师、研究员兼北京煤炭科学研究院地质所所长。从事地质工作60年，研究成果涉及地质学的许多领域，其中煤田地质的最多，提出了许多独到的见解。早年提出以重矿物为标志鉴定火成岩区的观点；在昌平发现了新矿物“西湖石”；后对山东、安徽、河北、江西、山西、河南、绥远（今内蒙古）、陕西、辽宁、湖南、云南和贵州等省主要煤田进行系统调查研究，为以后大规模勘查建立了基础。50年代对华南晚二叠世煤田形成条件及分布规律的研究，具有示范意义。还研究和总结了中国煤的变质规律，首先提出了煤的接触变质作用类型，不仅具有实际意义，更在煤田地质理论上做出了积极贡献。

1957年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Ore deposit geologist. Born in Jiaohe, Hebei Province.Received MS from the University of Wisconsin, USA in 1929.Chief engineer, Department of Geology, Ministry of Coal Industry, and research professor and director, Institute of Geology, Beijing Academy of Coal Science.

Wang was engaged in geological research for 60 years,during which he studied many fields of geology, especially coal geology, and put forward many unique ideas. In his early geological career, he presented the idea that heavy minerals are taken as marks to distinguish volcanic rocks, discovered the new mineral “hsihutsuite” in Changping County of Beijing,surveyed systematically major coal fields in Shandong, Hebei,Jiangxi, Shanxi, Henan, Suiyuan (present Inner Mongolia),Shaanxi, Liaoning, Hunan, Yunan and Guizhou provinces,and established bases for subsequent large-scale surveys and exploration. In the 1950s, he studied the formation conditions and distribution pattern of Late Permian coal fields in South China, which was of exampling Chinese coal, and he was the first to put forward the contact metamorphic classification of coal, which not only had practical importance in the development of coal, but also made active contributions to the geological theories of coal fields.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1957.

冯景兰

1898.03.09～1976.09.29

矿床学家。河南唐河人。1921年获美国哥伦比亚大学地质学硕士学位。北京地质学院教授。40年代曾参加川、康、滇三省铜矿勘探及滇缅铁路沿线矿产调查；50年代在豫西调查中对评价平顶山煤矿和河南巩县铝土矿作了指导工作，参加选定三门峡坝址建议书的编写工作。对两广、陕北以及沈海铁路、陇海铁路沿线的地质调查，为这些地区以后的地质工作奠定了初步基础。对川、康、滇各省铜矿的成因类型和次生富集作用发表了有开创性的意见。

1957年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Mineral deposit geologist. Born in Tanghe, Henan Province. Received MS from the Department of Geology,Columbia University, USA in 1921. Professor, Beijing Geology College.

Feng took part in the exploration of copper ore in Sichuan, Gansu and Yunan provinces and the investigation of minerals along the Yunnan-Burma railway in the 1940s.During the 1950s, he directed the evaluation of Pingdingshan coal mine and bauxite mine in Zhuxian, Henan Province and participated in the compilation of the proposal of site selection for Sanmenxia Dam. He made geological investigations in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, northern Shaanxi Province and areas along the Shenhai and Longhai railways, which laid a primary foundation for the geological work in these areas.He put forward creative suggestions on the classification of the origin and secondary enrichment of copper ore deposited in Sichuan, Gansu, and Yunnan provinces.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1957.

傅承义

1909.10.07～2000.01.08

地球物理学家。福建闽侯人。1933年毕业于清华大学。1941年获加拿大麦吉尔大学物理学硕士学位。1944年获美国加利福尼亚理工学院地球物理学博士学位。中国科学院地球物理研究所研究员、名誉所长。专长固体地球物理学、地震学和地球物理勘探。国际地震波传播理论研究的先驱者之一，对地震体波、面波、首波、地震射线及地震成因的理论均有独特贡献。中国地球物理学会创建人之一。长期主编《地球物理学报》，为中国的地球物理事业做出了重要贡献。

1957年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Geophysicist. Born in Beijing. Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1933. Received MS from McGill University,Canada in 1941 and Ph. D. Geophysics from CIT, USA in 1944. Research professor and honorary director, Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Fu is an expert in solid geophysics, seismology and geophysical prospecting. He is one of the pioneers who first studied the theory of seismic wave propagation in the world.He made special contributions to the theories of seismic body wave, surface wave, head wave, seismic ray and the origin of earchquakes. He is one of the founders of the Chinese Geophysical Society. He has been the chief editor of Acta Geophysica Sinica for a long time and has made significant contributions to the cause of geophysics in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1957.