院士风采

林巧稚1901.12.23～1983.04.22

医学家。福建厦门人。1929年毕业于协和医学院，获医学博士学位。协和医学院妇产科教授、主任，北京妇产医院名誉院长，中国医学科学院教授、副院长。早年从事胎儿宫内呼吸的研究；对滋养细胞肿瘤发生及发展规律、女性盆器结核的发生及其治疗进行了深入研究，并进行了大量科普宣传和妇幼保健工作，有着精湛的医术和优良的医德。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Medical scientist. Female. Born in Xiamen, Fujian Province.Received MD from Peking Union Medical College in 1929. Professor and chairman, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, honorary president, Beijing Obstetrical and Gynecological Hospital, and vice president, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

In her early years, Lin was engaged in the study of intrauterine fetal respiration. She made a thorough investigation on the occurrence and expansion of choriocarcinomas and the occurrence and treatment of women’s pelvic trberculosis. She had consummate medical skills and excellent medical morality. She also made great contributions to the propagation of popular science and to the matermal and child health care.

She became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

罗宗洛1898.08.02～1978.10.26

植物生理学家。浙江黄岩人。1930年在日本北海道帝国大学农学部获博士学位。中国科学院上海植物生理研究所研究员、所长。中国植物生理学创始人之一。早年研究氢离子浓度对细胞原生质胶体性质的影响；植物对铵态氮和硝态氮的吸收及各种金属离子对植物吸收铵离子、硝酸根离子的影响研究，发展了植物氮素营养生理的研究领域；进行了植物组织培养、微量元素、生长素的研究；水分生理、抗性生理、辐射生理的研究在农业生产中发挥了一定的作用；参加苏北沿海盐渍对造林的影响、西北地区干旱与盐渍对植物生长的影响、华南橡胶树北移问题的考察研究，解决了生产中的实际问题。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Plant physiologist. Born in Huangyan, Zhejiang Province.Received Ph.D. from the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Japan in 1930. Professor and director, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology, Chinese Academy of Science.

Luo was one of the founders of plant physiology in China. In his early years, he studied the influence of hydrogen ion concentration on the colloidal properties of plant cytoplasm. He set up a research field on plant mineral nutrition based on his studies of the absorption of NH4+And NO3-by plants. His research findings played an important role in agricultural production, particularly those in the fields of plant tissue culture, micronutrients, plant hormones, water-relations, stress physilolgy and radiobiology. He participated in the investigation of several aspects, such as the effect of salinization along the northem Jiangsu coastal lines on the afforestation, the effect of drought and salinization of northwest regions on plant growth, and the northward extension of rubber trees in South China. These projects solved many practical problems in production.

he became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

秉志1886.04.09～1965.02.21

动物学家。河南开封人。满族。1908年毕业于京师大学堂。1918年获美国康奈尔大学哲学博士学位。中国科学院动物研究所研究员。中国近代生物学的一代宗师。1915年与留美同仁组织了中国最早的群众性学术团体“中国科学社”，并刊行中国最早的学术刊物《科学》；1921年创办我国第一个生物系“南京高等师范学校生物系”，1922年与其他生物学家共同建立我国第一个生物学研究机构“中国科学社生物研究所”，1927年与植物学家胡先骕创建了北平静生生物调查所；1934年与中国动物学家共同发起成立了中国动物学会，任第一届理事长。为中国培养了大批科学家，直接受过训练的学生逾千人。学识渊博，研究领域广泛，对动物区系分类学、形态学、生理学、昆虫学及古动物学等研究卓有成就，尤精于动物解剖学和神经学。对进化理论深有研究。发表各种学术论著110余篇（册），其中不少在学术上有重要创见，在国内外具重要地位。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Zoologist. Born in Kaifeng, Henan Province. Manchu nationality.Graduated from Peking University in 1908. Received Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1918. Research professor, Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Bing was the pioneer of Chinese modern biology. He established the first Chinese academic organzation, Chinese Science Society, in 1915 with his Chinese colleagues in the USA and published the first academic periodical Science. He founded China’s first department of biology at Nanjing Senior Normal School in 1921, China’s first research institution of biology, Institute of Biology, Chinese Science Society in 1922, Fan Memorial Institute of Biology in 1927 together with botanist Hu Xianxiao, and the Chinese Zoological Socienty in 1934 and served as its first president. He trained a lot of scientists for China, More than 1,000 students were trainde directly by him. He was an erudite scientist and his research field was extensive. He made great achievements in animal taxonomy and faunistics morphology,physiology, entomology and paleontology, and especially in vertebrate anatomy and neruology. He also had profound knowledge in the theory of evolution. He presented more than 110 publications, including books, monographs, research papers and articles, among which many had significant original ideas and academic importance.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

金善宝1895.07.02～1997.06.26

农学家。浙江诸暨人。1920年毕业于南京高等师范学校农业专修科，1926年补读学分完成东南大学农学本科学业。1932年获美国明尼苏达大学硕士学位。中国农业科学院研究员、名誉院长。从世界各地收集的3000多份小麦材料中选出“矮粒多”和“南大2419”，在长江流域等13个省、市推广，获得高产；育成了京红1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9号和“6082”等优质高产品种；对“北京春播—高山夏播—南方秋播”一年三代加速世代育种方法的研究，加速了新品种的繁殖工作；研究鉴定了从全国征集到的5544个小麦品种，其中“云南小麦”是世界上独有的小麦新种，对小麦种类及其分布的系统研究，为中国小麦育种打下了基础。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Agronomist. Born in Zhuji, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Agronomy, Nanjing Senior Normal School in 1920 and completed additional credits to be a gradrate of the Southeast University majoring in agronomy in 1926. Received MS from the University of Minnesota in 1932. Professor and honorary president,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

The “Ailiduo” and “Nanda 2419”, which were high-yield wheat varieties developed from Jin’s collections of over 30,000 wheat materials, were cultivated in 13 provinces in the Yangtze River basin.He also developed many high-quality and high-yield wheat varieties,such as Jinghong No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No.8, No. 9 and “6082”. He used the technique of “Spring sowing in Beijing, Summer sowing in high mountains and Autumn sowing in the south” to speed up wheat breeding by growing three generations a year.He studied and identified 5,544 wheat cultivars collected throughout China and found that Triticum aestivum spp. Yunannese King is a unique wheat species in the world. His systematic studies on wheat cultivars and their distributions have laid a solid foundation for wheat breeding in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.