Units20—22重难点讲解
2008-06-27野新玉
野新玉
1.Practise saying the following tongue twisters.
此句中的practise意思是“实践;实行;练习”,它可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,在美国英语中,也可拼写为practice。当其作为及物动词时,后面可接名词或代词、动名词、宾语从句,但不可接动词不定式。例如:
I havent been practising enough. 我练习得还不够。(不及物)
Shes practising a new piece on the piano.
她在练习弹奏一支新曲子。(接名词)
Practise throwing the ball into the net. 练习投篮。(接动名词)
The pupils are practising what the teacher has taught.
学生们正在练习教师讲授过的内容。(接宾语从句)
2 .… so she bought some better butter to make the bitter butter better.
句中make为使役动词,其后接的是复合宾语,即“make+宾语+adj.(宾补)”结构。make后的宾补除形容词外,还可以由名词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等来充当。例如:
We made him our monitor. 我们选他为班长。(名词作宾补)
His cheerful joking made us forget our weariness.
他讲的愉快的笑话使我们忘记了疲劳。(不带to的动词不定式)
When I first came to China, I had much trouble making myself understood. 我刚到中国时,很难让人听懂我的话。(过去分词作宾补)
相关链接:
英语中能接这种复合宾语的词还有很多:paint, get(ready), cut(short), set(free), keep, find, want, wish, like, see, imagine, turn, beat(black and blue), prove, think, believe, consider, leave, etc. 例如:
Do you like your tea weak or strong? 你喝茶喜欢淡一点还是浓一点?
I find it difficult to finish the task in such a short time.
我发现在这么短的时间内完成这项工作很困难。
The naughty boy beat his brother black and blue.
那个淘气的男孩把弟弟打得鼻青脸肿。
3.I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish witch wishes. I wont wish the wish you wish to wish.
(1)wish作名词:
①作可数名词,表示“愿望;意愿;所愿之事物”。例如:
My wish came true. 我的愿望实现了。
②表示“祝愿”时,多用复数形式。例如:
Please give my best wishes to your parents. 请代我向你父母问好。
(2)作动词。表示“愿望;希望;想要;祝愿;但愿”,常用于以下几种结构中:
①“wish+不定式”。例如:
She wished to be alone. 她不想被打扰。
②“wish+宾语+宾语补足语”,即wish后跟复合宾语,宾补可由不定式、形容词、副词、过去分词等来充当。例如:
I wish you to go home at once. 我希望你马上回家。
I wish it true. 我希望它是真的。
I wish it done at once. 我希望它马上被完成。
③“wish+间宾+直宾(=wish+直宾+to)”。例如:
I wish you a pleasant journey. 祝你旅途愉快。
④“wish+宾语从句”,从句中常用虚拟语气,通常用来表示一种不易达到的愿望。例如:
I wish(that) I were young again! 要是我能返老还童多好啊!
I wish I had never met him. 我多么希望从来没有见过他。
4.In England, who can marry couples in church?
(1)marry在本句中作及物动词,后接结婚的新人,表示“(牧师)为……主持婚礼”,此时的主语常常是minister, priest等神职人员。例如:
Which priest is going to marry them? 哪位牧师为他们主持结婚仪式?
marry作及物动词时,更普遍、更常用的意义为“嫁;娶;把女儿嫁给某人”,其后直接跟嫁、娶的对象,此时marry是终止性动作,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,也不能和with连用。表示“把某人嫁给某人”,要用marry sb. to sb.。例如:
Im going to marry John. 我要和约翰结婚了。
Mr Brown wanted to marry his daughter to a rich man.
布朗先生要把他的女儿嫁给一个有钱人。
(2)marry作不及物动词,意为“结婚”,也是终止性动词,有时和形容词、副词连用。例如:
She married late in life. 她结婚很晚。
Only two months after the divorce did he marry again.
他离婚后才两个月就又结婚了。
(3)在非正式文体中,“结婚”常用be/get married to sb., get married表示动作,be married表示状态,其中to不能换成with。例如:
She got married to a man from her hometown. 她和一位同乡结了婚。
The old couple have already been married for 60 years.
这对老夫妻结婚已经60年了。
5.Two days Iater I received a letter offering me the job.
本句中的offering是V-ing形式在此作宾语补足语,说明letter的内容。offer是动词,意为“提供;提出”,其常用的结构有:
offersth.提供某物;提出某事to do sth.愿意做某事sb. sth.给某人提供某物
May I offer a suggestion? 我可以提一个建议吗?
Ive been offered a job in advertising. 有一份广告工作聘请我去做。
He offered to drive me to the station. 他愿意开车送我去车站。
6.Match each picture with the emotion and the correct sentence.
(1)此处match为及物动词,意为“使/和……调和;相配”,其后直接跟宾语。例如:
The colour of the shirt does not match that of the tie.
衬衫的颜色与领带不相配。
Please match each answer with the correct question.
请把每个答案与相应的问题搭配起来。
(2)match的另一个意思是“与……匹敌;成为……的好对手;势均力敌”。常用结构为match+n.+against/with+n.。例如:
He matched his shooting skill against the experts.
他和专家比赛射击技术。
Im ready to match my strength with/against yours.
我要和你比一比,看谁的力气大。