附加疑问句
2008-06-27蔡晓东
蔡晓东
在陈述句之后附上一个简单问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做附加疑问句。一般情况下,如果前一部分为肯定式,后一部分用否定式。反之,如果前一部分为否定式,后一部分就用肯定式。说话时,附加疑问句的前一部分用降调,后一部分在表示疑问时用升调,在表示强调时用降调。例如:
Your father is a police officer, isnt ?襖 he?
你的父亲是一位警官,是不是?
His sister hardly ever eats junk food, does ?圩 she?
他的姐姐很少吃垃圾食品,是吗?
对附加疑问句的回答,不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就要用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。这和汉语不一样,应特别注意。例如:
——Charlie doesnt play soccer twice a week, does he?
查理不是每周踢两次足球,是不是?
——Yes, he does. 不,他踢了。(No, he doesnt.对,他没踢。)
使用附加疑问句时,要注意以下两点:
①附加疑问句的后一部分结构必须是“助动词+人称代词”(there be除外)。例如:
Miss Green can play the violin, cant she?
格林小姐会拉小提琴,是不是?
They didnt go to the documentary last night, did they?
他们昨晚没去看记录片,是吗?
A lot of tourists have taken photos in Yellow Crane Tower, havent they? 很多游客在黄鹤楼拍过照,是不是?
There wont be paper money in 100 years, will there?
100年后,纸币将不存在了,是吗?
②如果陈述部分包含no, little, few, never, hardly等词时,这部分就看作否定。例如:
You have no classes tomorrow, do you? 你明天没有课,是吗?
Few people like to stay at home on weekends, do they?
没几个人愿意在周末待在家里,是吗?
拓展 祈使句后可以加一个简短问句,使语气变得客气一些。例如:
Have a little more coffee, will you? 再喝一点咖啡好不好?
Lets meet at the station, shall we? 我们在火车站碰头,行不行?
应用 续写下列句子的附加疑问句。
①Maria usually has eggs, rice and broccoli for lunch, ____?
②We took a piano lesson last Monday, ____?
③Her grandpa has never been to Eiffel Tower, ____.
④Jack and his brother found nothing in the corner, ____?
⑤Your sister put her wallet on the desk, ____?
⑥There will be less pollution in the future, ____?
⑦Be careful to look both ways, ____?
⑧Many people will not give big gifts to someone else in Canada, ____?
⑨I dont think she can play the trumpet, ____?
⑩Mrs Mendoza must be at home now, ____?
解答
①doesnt shehas是实义动词,意思是“吃”。
②didnt wetook是动词过去式。
③has henever是否定词。
④did theynothing是否定词。
⑤didnt sheput是动词过去式。
⑥will thereless是否定词,助动词是will。
⑦will/wont you 祈使句后的附加问句一般是will you或wont you。
⑧will theypeople是复数。
⑨can she “I think+宾语从句”的附加疑问句往往要针对从句部分来续。
⑩isnt shemust表示推测时,附加疑问句中的助动词必须与must后的动词一致。