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附加疑问句

2008-06-27蔡晓东

中学英语之友·中 2008年5期
关键词:助动词陈述句时用

蔡晓东

在陈述句之后附上一个简单问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做附加疑问句。一般情况下,如果前一部分为肯定式,后一部分用否定式。反之,如果前一部分为否定式,后一部分就用肯定式。说话时,附加疑问句的前一部分用降调,后一部分在表示疑问时用升调,在表示强调时用降调。例如:

Your father is a police officer, isnt ?襖 he?

你的父亲是一位警官,是不是?

His sister hardly ever eats junk food, does ?圩 she?

他的姐姐很少吃垃圾食品,是吗?

对附加疑问句的回答,不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就要用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。这和汉语不一样,应特别注意。例如:

——Charlie doesnt play soccer twice a week, does he?

查理不是每周踢两次足球,是不是?

——Yes, he does. 不,他踢了。(No, he doesnt.对,他没踢。)

使用附加疑问句时,要注意以下两点:

①附加疑问句的后一部分结构必须是“助动词+人称代词”(there be除外)。例如:

Miss Green can play the violin, cant she?

格林小姐会拉小提琴,是不是?

They didnt go to the documentary last night, did they?

他们昨晚没去看记录片,是吗?

A lot of tourists have taken photos in Yellow Crane Tower, havent they? 很多游客在黄鹤楼拍过照,是不是?

There wont be paper money in 100 years, will there?

100年后,纸币将不存在了,是吗?

②如果陈述部分包含no, little, few, never, hardly等词时,这部分就看作否定。例如:

You have no classes tomorrow, do you? 你明天没有课,是吗?

Few people like to stay at home on weekends, do they?

没几个人愿意在周末待在家里,是吗?

拓展 祈使句后可以加一个简短问句,使语气变得客气一些。例如:

Have a little more coffee, will you? 再喝一点咖啡好不好?

Lets meet at the station, shall we? 我们在火车站碰头,行不行?

应用 续写下列句子的附加疑问句。

①Maria usually has eggs, rice and broccoli for lunch, ____?

②We took a piano lesson last Monday, ____?

③Her grandpa has never been to Eiffel Tower, ____.

④Jack and his brother found nothing in the corner, ____?

⑤Your sister put her wallet on the desk, ____?

⑥There will be less pollution in the future, ____?

⑦Be careful to look both ways, ____?

⑧Many people will not give big gifts to someone else in Canada, ____?

⑨I dont think she can play the trumpet, ____?

⑩Mrs Mendoza must be at home now, ____?

解答

①doesnt shehas是实义动词,意思是“吃”。

②didnt wetook是动词过去式。

③has henever是否定词。

④did theynothing是否定词。

⑤didnt sheput是动词过去式。

⑥will thereless是否定词,助动词是will。

⑦will/wont you 祈使句后的附加问句一般是will you或wont you。

⑧will theypeople是复数。

⑨can she “I think+宾语从句”的附加疑问句往往要针对从句部分来续。

⑩isnt shemust表示推测时,附加疑问句中的助动词必须与must后的动词一致。

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